双抗体夹心ELISA检测人C蛋白的研究

本文建立了检测人Ｃ蛋白的双抗夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ方法。该方法的最佳实验条件为：－抗浓度５－８．５μｇ／ｍｌ;二抗密度为１：２００－１：１０００倍稀释。制作了Ｃ蛋白浓度与ＯＤ值的关系的工作曲线,指出了用内插法测定Ｃ蛋白的最佳浓度范围为０－１００ｍｇ／ｍｌ之间。     

小鼠腺病毒单克隆抗体的研制及初步应用

应用杂交瘤技术获得４株分泌抗小鼠腺病毒（ＭｕｒｉｎｅＡｄｅｎｏｖｉｒｕｓＭＡｄ）单克隆抗体细胞株,并对其特性进行分析。经鉴定,它们所分泌的抗体类型均为ＩｇＭ,腹水效价为１０－３～１０－６。相对亲和力分别为０．１μｇ／ｍｌ（Ａ９）、０．６５μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｂｌ）、１２．５μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｇ４）和２３μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｄ４）。与其他１０种鼠源性病毒均无交叉反应,表明ＭｃＡｂ具有良好的特异性。单抗标记ＦＩＴＣ后用于人用鼠源性单抗制品及各种传代细胞和原代细胞中ＭＡｄ检测,获得良好的实验结果。     

吸附无细胞百日咳菌苗、白喉、破伤风类毒素混合制剂Ⅲ期临床人体接种反应和血清学效果观察报告

吸附无细胞百、白、破混合制剂（ＤＴａｃＰ）于１９９５年６月至１９９７年９月在广东省４个市和陕西省大荔县进行了Ⅲ期临床人体接种反应和血清学效果观察,全程基础免疫婴幼儿６４９６１例,加强注射３８８６０例,总计为１０３８２１例,接种反应轻微,未发现有严重异常反应者。ＤＴａｃＰ在基免后１年和加强注射前抗ＰＴ和抗ＦＨＡ的抗体水平分别为１０１ＥＵ／ｍｌ和５１３ＥＵ／ｍｌ;加强注射后１个月,抗ＰＴ和抗ＦＨＡ的抗体水平显著增长,分别为２４３４ＥＵ／ｍｌ和３１１３ＥＵ／ｍｌ;加强免疫后１年,抗ＰＴ和抗ＦＨＡ的抗体水平均能维持在较高的抗感染水平,分别为２０１ＥＵ／ｍｌ和５８６ＥＵ／ｍｌ;ＤＴａｃＰ抗白喉和抗破伤风的抗体水平,不论是在基免后还是在加强注射后１个月或１年,其≥００１ＨＡＵ／ｍｌ的例数均为１００％,均显著超过儿童抗白喉和抗破伤风感染要求的保护水平（００１ＨＡＵ／ｍｌ）。     

玉米赤霉烯酮单克隆抗体酶联免疫测定方法的建立及初步应用

用ＺＥＮ－ＢＳＡ人工抗原免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ鼠,经融合,筛选和克隆化得到可稳定可泌抗ＺＥＮ单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株ＺＥＮ－１Ｃ６。ＺＥＮ－１Ｃ６属ＩｇＧ１,纯化腹水抗体效价为１０＾－５,与５种衍生物的交叉反应系数为０．１６～１．２０％,用ＺＥＮ－１Ｃ６建立了检测食品（玉米,小麦,大米）中玉米赤霉烯酮的ＣＩＥＩＡ法。该法检测纯毒素的线性范围为５～１０００ｎｇ／ｍｌ,最低检出浓度为０．１ｎｇ／ｍｌ。平均回     

茶儿茶素氧化产物体外清除·OH自由基作用的研究

本文采用２－脱氧－Ｄ－核糖（ＤＲ）法产生．ＯＨ,测定了不同浓度的茶儿素氧化产物Ａ及Ｃ对．ＯＨ的清除作用。结果表明,在一定的浓度范围内,氧化产物Ａ及Ｃ均有很强的清除．ＯＨ的作用且最佳清除浓度为２００μｇ／ｍｌ。在茶多酚、氧化产物Ａ及Ｃ三种物质中,以产物Ｃ的清除作用最强,其ＩＣ５０值为７．３μｇ／ｍｌ,其次是Ａ,ＩＣ５０为１０．１μｇ／ｍｌ,最后是茶多酚,ＩＣ５０值为７０μｇ／ｍｌ。     

疑似百日咳病人血清中特异性抗体的研究

对北京地区９份疑似百日咳病人血清进行特异性抗体（抗－ＰＴ和抗－ＦＨＡ抗体）的检测中,有７份血清中抗－ＰＴ和抗－ＦＨＡ抗体两者或单个高于百日咳病患者恢复期２０－３０Ｅｕ／ｍｌ的抗体阳性指标。结果表明,在未免疫或免疫不完全以及学龄前儿童和免疫过的青少年人群中仍有百日咳疾病的感染。建议考虑对学龄前儿童或中小学生进行百、白联合疫苗或无细菌百日咳疫苗的加强接种。     

白细胞介素对大鼠离体垂体前叶细胞增殖的影响

本工作采用大鼠垂体前叶（ＡＰ）细胞原代培养方法,以３ＨＴｄＲ掺入率反映细胞增殖水平,研究了ＩＬ１和ＩＬ６对ＡＰ细胞增殖的影响。结果表明：（１）ＩＬ１（１－１００ｎｇ／ｍｌ）促进雄性大鼠和雌性大鼠ＡＰ细胞的增殖。（２）低浓度的ＩＬ６（０．１ｎｇ／ｍｌ）抑制雄性大鼠的ＡＰ细胞的增殖,而较高浓度的ＩＬ６（１－１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ）则表现为刺激作用。（３）ＩＬ６（０．１－１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ）促进雌性大鼠ＡＰ细胞的增殖。上述结果说明ＩＬ１和ＩＬ６除直接调控ＡＰ细胞的分泌外,也参与调节ＡＰ细胞增殖活动。     

芽孢杆菌A-30碱性β-1,4-聚糖酶发酵条件的优化

筛选到一株高产β－１,４－聚糖酶芽孢杆菌Ａ－３０,采用麸皮的主要碳源,尿素为主要氮源,在ＰＨ８．５、温度３２℃发酵６０ｈ,最高木聚糖酶活可达到４６０ＩＵ／ｍｌ,纤维素酶酶活最高可以达到１．２１ＩＵ／ｍｌ。离子Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｆｅ＾２＋、Ａｌ＾３＋可以促进纤维素酶的合成,而Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｃｏ＾２＋、Ｈｇ＾２＋则起抑制作用。多数的氨基酸可以很大程度上促进β－１,４－聚糖酶的合成,在１５Ｌ发酵罐进     

少年人群接种乙肝疫苗后七年随访观察

对７９名ＨＢＶ标志阴性少年人群,以乙肝疫苗１０μｇ×３的免疫剂量和０、１、２月的免疫程序进行接种,对其抗－ＨＢｓ免疫应答和临床保护效果作了为期７年的定人随访。结果表明,抗－ＨＢｓ阳转率在免后三个月时为１００％,均值为３０８４ＭＩＵ／ｍｌ。至免后８４个月时疫苗接受者中仍有５５．７％的抗－ＨＢｓ水平≥１０ＭＩＵ／ｍｌ。６例检出抗－ＨＢｓ,其中５例的抗－ＨＢｓ持续处于高水平。全部观察对象无一例检出ＨＢｓＡｇ或发生临床肝炎。少年接种乙肝血源疫苗至少７年内可具有保护性抗体。故在此期内不需加强免疫。     

喹诺酮类药物抗乙型肝炎病毒体外实验研究

本文以２．２．１５细胞株为模型,以ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ、细胞存活率为观察指标,综合评价了喹诺酮类药物吡哌酸（ＰｉｐｅｍｉｄｉｃＡｃｉｄ）、氟哌酸（Ｎｏｒｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎ）、环丙氟哌酸（Ｃｉｐｒｏｆｌｏｓｘａｃｉｎ）、氟嗪酸（Ｏｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎ）体外抗ＨＢＶ效果。结果表明：吡哌酸、氟哌酸、环丙氟哌酸、氟嗪酸对ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ５０％抑制浓度（ＩＤ＿（５０））分别为１１μｇ／ｍｌ、６４μｇ／ｍｌ、９３μｇ／ｍｌ、１０５μｇ／ｍｌ和１９９μｇ／ｍｌ、１１１μｇ／ｍｌ、２４μｇ／ｍｌ、２１７μｇ／ｍｌ,细胞存活率为５０％时的药物浓度（ＣＤ＿（５０））分别为２１９μｇ／ｍｌ、９０μｇ／ｍｌ、１８１μｇ／ｍｌ、１６９μｇ／ｍｌ,在所选定的用药浓度范围内不同程度抑制培养上清液及细胞内ＨＢＶＤＮＡ及其复制中间体的产生。尤其对超螺旋结构ＤＮＡ（ｓｃＤＮＡ）有不完全抑制作用。     

Studies on the growth of the fetal sheep. The effects of reduction of placental size on hormone concentration in fetal plasma

Intrauterine growth retardation was induced in sheep by removal of endometrial caruncles before pregnancy. At a second operation catheters were implanted into the ewe and fetus at 105-135 days of pregnancy. Three groups of fetuses: low birthweight-for-dates (small caruncle) normal birthweight-for dates (normal sized caruncle) and controls have been compared. The concentration of ACTH (60 +/- 6.9 pg/ml) in the normal-sized caruncle fetuses were lower in the controls (144 +/- 4.7 pg/ml) or small caruncle fetuses (142 +/- 53 pg/ml). Basal cortisol concentrations were similar in the controls (7.3 +/- 1.2 ng/ml) and normal-sized caruncle fetuses (6.5 +/- 0.5 ng/ml) but those in the small caruncle fetuses were significantly higher (12.7 +/- 1.0 ng/ml, P less than 0.001). The concentration of insulin correlated with plasma glucose and the mean concentrations were 19.2 +/- 1.6 mu units/ml (controls), 8.4 +/- 2.6 mu units/ml (normal-sized caruncle) and 3.9 +/- 1.6 mu units/ml (controls), 8.4 +/- 2.6 mu units/ml (normal-sized caruncle) and 3.9 +/- 1.6 mu units/ml (small caruncle). Prolactin was significantly lower in the small caruncle fetuses (2.1 +/- 0.3 ng/ml) compared to the controls (66.6 19.4 ng/ml) or normal-sized caruncles (76.1 +/- 38 ng/ml) but growth hormone concentrations in the small caruncle.     

Lactoperoxidase and thiocyanate contents of goats' milk during lactation

The lactoperoxidase level in milk from 10 goats throughout a 150 d lactation period was 1.55 units/ml, with a range of 0.05-3.55 units/ml for invidiual samples. Samples obtained 0–24 h after kidding exhibited the lowest mean concentration (0.50 units/ml). Mean thiocyanate content was 4.03 ppm, with a range of 0.67-11.17 ppm for indidual samples.     

柞蚕核型多角体病毒载体在培养细胞和休眠蛹中的基因表达效果

柞蚕核型多角体病毒（AnpeNPV）作为基因表达载体在柞蚕培养细胞（AnPe细胞）和柞蚕蛹中已经成功地表达出了外来基因,并生产出了大量蛋白质。本文比较了AnpeNPV与苜蓿尺蠖核型多角体病毒(AcMNPV)、家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)和美国白蛾核型多角体病毒(HycuNPV)基因表达载体在培养细胞和昆虫活体组织内的β-半乳糖苷酶基因表达效果。结果显示,5×105个细胞中β-半乳糖苷酶的最高酶活性分别是AnpeNPV在AnPe细胞为40.9 units/ml （TC-100培养液,FBS10%）和59.9 units/ml（SF-900Ⅱ培养液）,AcMNPV在Sf9细胞为72.4 units/ml（TC-100,FBS10%）和66.4 units/ml（SF-900Ⅱ）、在High5细胞为326 units/ml（EX-CELL 405培养液）,BmNPV在Bm4细胞为15.1 units/ml（TC-100,FBS10%）,HycuNPV在SpIm细胞为68.6 units/ml（SF-900Ⅱ）。活体组织内β-半乳糖苷酶的最高酶活性分别是柞蚕雌蛹为14.3 units/g、雄蛹为11.7 units/g,家蚕幼虫是10.1 units/g。实验证明AnpeNPV/AnPe的外来基因表达水平与AcMNPV/ Sf9和HycuNPV/SpIm相似、比BmNPV/ Bm4高、不及AcMNPV/ High5;AnpeNPV/柞蚕蛹,其雌蛹比BmNPV/家蚕5龄幼虫的外来基因表达效果好、雄蛹与之无明显差异,说明AnpeNPV基因表达载体无论是在培养细胞还是昆虫活体组织中均可与其他NPV基因表达载体相媲美。柞蚕蛹由于可以机械化、大规模地操作,显示对于大量生产蛋白质具有更好的应用前景。     

改良包皮环扎术治疗小儿包皮过长和包茎

目的：探讨改良包皮环扎术治疗小儿外皮过长和包茎的效果。方法：对180例年龄3—14岁的包皮过长或包茎的患儿行改良包皮环扎术,观察疗效。结果：手术时间5—10分钟,出血量少于1ml,术后结扎环脱落时间8—20天,平均14天。无术后出血、包皮嵌顿等并发症。结论：改良包皮环扎术是治疗小儿包皮过长和包茎的较好术式,适宜作为门诊手术,也适合在基层医疗单位推广。     

Relaxin regulates oxytocin secretion in late-pregnant beef heifers

The effects of porcine relaxin (3000 units/mg) on oxytocin (OT) and progesterone secretion were studied in beef heifers on Day 274 (10 days before expected parturition). Heifers (n = 11) were randomly assigned to three treatments: relaxin iv infusions combined with im injection (RLX-INF, 9000 units), relaxin im injection (RLX-im, 6000 units), and phosphate-buffered saline-treated controls (PBS). RLX-INF heifers received infusions of PBS and 1000 units of relaxin for 165 min, followed by 2000 units of relaxin im and finally 2000 units of relaxin infusion followed by 4000 units of relaxin im. Endogenous relaxin (immunoreactive) in the PBS-treated group was 0.2-0.9 ng/ml peripheral plasma. For the RLX-im group, peak relaxin was 81 +/- 12 ng/ml (+/- SE) at 45 min after treatment. There were two peaks of relaxin, 18 +/- 5.3 ng/ml and 74 +/- 7.5 ng/ml, 3.5-4.5 hr apart in the RLX-INF group. Significant peak releases of OT were evident in the relaxin-treated heifers. For the RLX-im group, an OT peak (42 +/- 16 pg/ml) occurred within 30 min after relaxin treatment. For the RLX-INF heifers, 2000 and 4000 units of relaxin were associated with major peaks of 14 +/- 0.5 and 43 +/- 1.7 pg/ml OT, respectively. Basal OT plasma levels in the PBS group were 2.5-3.1 pg/ml. Mean plasma progesterone for all heifers was 6.2 +/- 2.11 ng/ml before treatment. There was a significant decrease in progesterone (-2.5 ng/ml) in the RLX-im group within 60 min after relaxin treatment and 45 min after peak OT secretion. The maximum decrease in progesterone (-3.2 +/- 0.68 ng/ml) occurred 135 min after treatment in the RLX-im group. In the RLX-INF group, 2000 units of relaxin infusion combined with 4000 units of relaxin im significantly decreased progesterone (-3.2 +/- 1.59 ng/ml) in peripheral plasma. These results clearly indicate that relaxin causes an acute peak release of oxytocin within 30 min, followed by a marked decrease in plasma progesterone concentration in late-pregnancy cattle.     

Isolation of cellulolytic mutants of thermotolerant fungus Chaetomium cellulolyticum ATCC 32319

Spores of Chaetomium cellulolyticum were treated with 200 micrograms/ml of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and seven mutants producing clear zones around their colonies on modified Vogels medium were isolated. Mutant NG7 showed altered morphological characteristics and produced more cellulases (CMCase--15 units, FPA--6.5 units, CDA--0.80 units and cellobiase--4.7 units/ml) than its parental strain (CMCase--10 units, FPA--4.5 units, CDA--0.36 units and cellobiase--2.7 units/ml). Cellulase preparation was used to saccharify rice straw, wheat straw, bagasse and sawdust, pretreated with 1% sodium hydroxide.     

Reversal of suppression of lymphokine-activated killer cells by transforming growth factor-beta in ovarian carcinoma ascitic fluid requires interleukin-2 combined with anti-CD3 antibody.

Ascitic fluid from human ovarian carcinoma (AF) has been shown to inhibit IL-2-induced lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell generation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) resulting from the presence of biologically active transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). A 50% concentration of AF completely suppressed the LAK response to 100 units IL-2/ml and only partial reversal (less than 50%) could be achieved by increasing the IL-2 concentration to 1000 units/ml. We evaluated the ability of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, 1-1000 ng/ml) and anti-CD3 antibody (alpha-CD3, 1-100 ng/ml) to reverse AF-mediated suppression of IL-2-stimulated LAK generation. TNF-alpha alone did not generate significant LAK activity, but in the presence of suboptimal concentrations of IL-2 (10 and 100 units/ml), TNF-alpha significantly boosted the generation of LAK, but was unable to significantly reverse AF-mediated suppression of the IL-2 response (even at 1000 units/ml). In contrast, alpha-CD3 alone generated LAK activity at concentrations as low as 1 ng/ml and markedly enhanced generation of LAK activity when added to suboptimal concentrations of IL-2. alpha-CD3 combined with IL-2 significantly reversed AF suppression at 100 units IL-2/ml and at 1000 units/ml completely reversed suppression by two of three highly suppressive samples of AF. Significant reversal occurred with the third AF sample. It may be possible to overcome TGF-beta-mediated suppression by measures other than by increasing the IL-2 concentration.     

Gamma-interferon bioassay for detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle: kinetics of production and dose response in whole blood culture

Stimulation with Mycobacterium bovis PPD sensitised lymphocytes (whole blood or peripheral blood lymphocytes) results in release of gamma-interferon that can be detected by simple bioassay. The optimum concentration of bovine PPD was 20 micrograms ml and the optimum incubation period was 24 hr for maximum production of gamma-interferon in whole blood culture (128 units/ml) and peripheral blood culture (64 units/ml).     

Production of glucose oxidase using Aspergillus niger and corn steep liquor

Glucose oxidase production was optimized using an isolated strain of Aspergillus niger and an economical nutrient source, corn steep liquor (CSL). The culture produced 580 +/- 30 units/ml of the enzyme using 70 g/l sucrose as the carbon source. Using CSL as the sole nutrient source enzyme synthesis was increased to 640 +/- 36 units/ml. None of the nitrogen sources (nitrates of calcium, sodium, ammonium, potassium and yeast extract, malt extract, and peptone) was beneficial to the enzyme synthesis. Aeration and agitation enhanced enzyme synthesis to 850 +/- 45 units/ml. Glucose oxidase has numerous applications in food industry and clinical fields.     

Isolation of new anaerobic,thermophilic and cellulolytic bacteria-JT strains and their cellulase production

Six microbial strains (JT) of endospore-forming, anaerobic, thermophilic and cellulolytic bacteria were isolated from camel feces, compost, soil and hot spring water in Japan. These strains are gram negative and classified as the genus Clostridium. Strains JT3-1, JT3-2 and JT3-3 can digest starch. All of the strains produce a high activity of extracellular cellulases in cellobiose and cellulose media.Strain JT1 produced 1.36 units/ml of CMCase (endo-β-1,4-d-glucanase, EC 3.2.1.4), 66.2 units/ml of β-glucosidase (ED 3.2.1.21) and 39.9 units/ml of β-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.37) in 1% cellobiose medium. Strain JT3-3 produced 1.87 units/ml of CMCase, 166.3 units/ml of β-glucosidase and 23.6 units/ml of β-xylosidase in 1% cellulose medium.