中国多辐藻属(Myriactula)三个新记录种

报道中国产粘膜藻科(Leathesiaceae)多辐藻属(Myriactula)三个新记录种:阿拉伯多辐藻(Myriactula arabica)、粗丝多辐藻(M.clavata)和马尾多辐藻(M.sargassi)。     

克罗地亚三叠纪粗枝藻组合的述评

对克罗地亚中三叠统和上三叠统的粗枝藻属化石组合的分析,侧重于特定的种和相关化石的地层分布方面。该分析显示这些藻类化石可以用来对这个时间段内的地层的细分。     

罗马尼亚特提斯区的早白垩世粗枝藻化石(英文)

本文对藻类 Seloporella属的系统分类进行了评论。根据 Barattolo等人 ,1992年对该属的评论 ,结合对产自罗马尼亚阿朴塞尼山区 ( Apuseni Mountains) ,早白垩世的 Triploporella neocomiensis Radoicˇ ic′及与己发表的资料进行了对比研究 ,提出了 Seliporella neocomiensis的新组合 ,同时与该化石组合形态非常相似的“Diplopora”john-soni Praturlon,1964进行了对比     

中国水华蓝藻的新记录属——拟浮丝藻属(Planktothricoides)

在近年来对水华蓝藻的调查中,确定了我国一水华蓝藻新记录属--拟浮丝藻属Planktothricoides (Woloszynska)Such et Watanabe 2002.文中对该属及该属一个新记录种的主要形态学特征进行了描述,并对其相近属浮丝藻属Planktothrix进行了形态学比较研究.     

星球藻属一新种

本文发表了星球藻属一新种,即高山星球藻Asterocapsa alpina Cheng et Cai,sp.nov.。     

杜氏藻属四个种的核型分析

采用染色体分带方法对杜氏藻属（Dun>0.25aliella）4个种的核型进行分析。经过25℃12hd（-1）的光周期诱导,杜氏藻属4个种出现同步化生长。用0.05％秋水仙素处理,再经低渗、固定和高位（60cm）滴片,获得杜氏藻属4个种的核型。结果表明:杜氏藻属4个种都是单倍体,其染色体大多为短杆状、极小。染色体数分别是:D.salina n=13,D primolecta n=20,D.bardawil n=10,D.parvan=16。它们大都可见较明显的初级缢痕,且都在染色体的中部。     

一个里阿斯统棒槌状粗枝藻类化石PETRASCULAIBERICA DRAGASTAN ET TRAPPE 1986,NOV.COMB.新材料的初步研究

Dissocladella iberica Dragastan et Trappe l986，描述于西班牙的里阿斯统，并在摩洛哥的同时代地层中再次发现。这个极为丰富的藻类我们把它归入Petrascula属（Guembel,1873)。     

四川串珠藻属一新种

发表了四川串珠藻属一新种,即彭州串珠藻(Batrachospermum pengzhouense S.L.Xieet Z.X.Shi)。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘和南缘晚奥陶世钙化粗枝藻化石

鄂尔多斯盆地的南缘和西缘在晚奥陶世发育礁滩相带,珊瑚、层孔虫、苔藓虫、红藻、粗枝藻和蓝细菌等生物非常丰富。本文系统描述鄂尔多斯盆地西缘宁夏彭阳石节子沟、西南缘陇县李家坡、南缘淳化县铁瓦殿和礼泉东庄4地点碳酸盐岩地层的钙化粗枝藻化石6属9种,分别是艾氏蠕孔藻Vermiporella eisenacki、威森柏蠕孔藻Vermiporella wesenbergensis、脆弱蠕孔藻Vermiporella fragilis、志留粗孔藻Dasyporella silurica、链状节孔藻Arthroporella catenularia、房室串珠孔藻Moniliporella camerta、苏格兰因特姆尔藻Intermurella scotica、鄂尔多斯因特姆尔藻Intermurella ordosensis sp. nov.和大链孔藻Catenuporella gigantia gen. et sp. nov.(新属新种)。鄂尔多斯因特姆尔藻的特征与苏格兰因特姆尔藻的特征相似,但内径与外径的比值(d/D)为0.66-0.72,比苏格兰的d/D值大。大链孔藻Catenuporella g...     

镰刀藻属与伪镰刀藻属的超微结构比较研究

利用扫描电镜对华南沿海及澳大利亚分布的镰刀藻属（Falcula）和伪镰刀藻属（Pseudofalcula）硅藻进行了形态学观察。发现一中国新记录硅藻,即中间镰刀藻（F. media Voigt）;首次报道了半波镰刀藻（F.semiundulata Voigt）的超微形态结构;通过与透明伪镰刀藻（P. hyalina (Takano) Gómez, Wang&Lin）的比较进一步界定了两属的形态学差异。其中,二者顶纹区结构的差异最为显著：镰刀藻属的顶纹区由数条狭缝组成,而伪镰刀藻属的顶纹区为嵌入壳套的眼点且呈网格状结构。此外,明确了镰刀藻属物种多是大型海藻上的植表生硅藻,而伪镰刀藻属则为典型的动表生硅藻,其宿主为海洋桡足类。本文扩大了中间镰刀藻、半波镰刀藻和透明伪镰刀藻的地理分布区域,厘清了镰刀藻属和伪镰刀藻属的形态学划分依据。     

A New Genus of Ectocarpaceae from Liaoning Province,China

The paper reports Rotiramulus R. X. Luan, a new genus of Ectocarpaceae from Liaoning Province, China. Heterotrichous filament is its outstanding morphological characteristic.     

Materials for Chinese Phyllanthoideae

The present paper is part of taxonomic study on Chinese Phyllanthoideae. Included in it are two new varieties, Leptopus esquirolii var. villosus and Drypetes hainanensis var. longistipitata, one new combination, Glochidion triandrum var. siamense, and seven new records in China: Drypetes salicifolia, D. hoaensis. Actephila subsessilis, Glochidion khasicum, G. nubigennum, Bridelia spiosa and B. poilanei. In addition, seventeen taxon names are newly reduced: Liodendron formosanum = Drypetes formosana, Liodendron matsumurae = Drypetes matsumurae, D. longipes = D. indica, Antidesma paxii = A. acidum, A. hiiranense, A. filipes and A. pentandrum var. hiiranense = A. japonicum, A. calvescens = A. montanum, A. microphyllum = A. venosum, Breynia stipitata var. formosana and B. jormosana = B. vitis-idaea, Glochidion zeylanicum var. tomentosum = G. hirsutum, G. rubidulum = G. thomsonii, G. acuminatum = G. triandrum, G. fagifolium and Phyllanthus fagifolius = Glochidion sphaerogynum, Bridelia penangiena = B. insulana, B. henryana = B. tomentosa. All the types are kept in SCBl and PE.     

Neutrino intergalactic communication,metal life,and viruses: Part 1 quo vadis ex machina

At one spectrum extreme, Astrobiology conjectures that for exoplanets with Goldilocks conditions, terrestrial-like life is inevitable. Moreover, it is envisaged that via panspermia, terrestrial-like life and its precursors are transferred among galaxies, stars, and within solar systems via transiting comets, asteroids, and planetoids. In addition, expelled stars, which have solar systems, it is inferred, transfer life as well. However, at the other extreme, we propose a paradigm shift that on some planets, subject to non- Goldilocks conditions, metal machine life could arise, ab initio, and evolve viruses, intelligence, and civilizations, conjointly. Accordingly, intelligent mechanized civilizations could readily and efficiently commence space exploration. Furthermore, as a counter paradigm shift, such civilizations could experiment and produce non-metallic life, based on carbon and other non-metal elements, under suitable conditions, related to Goldilocks life. Even a single example of validated interstellar or intergalactic communication received on the Earth would support the existence of life elsewhere. However, the communication platform should not be restricted to electromagnetic radiation. Other platforms should be included as well - one such example, which would require sophisticated technology, is neutrino communication. This is the case for any advanced civilization, be it metal-machine based, biological-based, and carbon-based. In sum, civilizations based on machine life, would be highly productive due to the longevity and hardiness of machine life. However, significant caveats are raised in this brief report, because possibly dissimilar psychologies and intelligence may lead to conflicts between metal machine life and biological life, inter-paradigm conflict.     

Molecular phylogeny of the gobioid fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gobioidei)

The phylogeny of groups within Gobioidei is examined with molecular sequence data. Gobioidei is a speciose, morphologically diverse group of teleost fishes, most of which are small, benthic, and marine. Efforts to hypothesize relationships among the gobioid groups have been hampered by the prevalence of reductive evolution among goby species; such reduction can make identification of informative morphological characters particularly difficult. Gobies have been variously grouped into two to nine families, several with included subfamilies, but most existing taxonomies are not phylogenetic and few cladistic hypotheses of relationships among goby groups have been advanced. In this study, representatives of eight of the nine gobioid familes (Eleotridae, Odontobutidae, Xenisthmidae, Gobiidae, Kraemeriidae, Schindleriidae, Microdesmidae, and Ptereleotridae), selected to sample broadly from the range of goby diversity, were examined. Complete sequence from the mitochondrial ND1, ND2, and COI genes (3573 bp) was used in a cladistic parsimony analysis to hypothesize relationships among the gobioid groups. A single most parsimonious topology was obtained, with decay indices indicating strong support for most nodes. Major phylogenetic conclusions include that Xenisthmidae is part of Eleotridae, and Eleotridae is paraphyletic with respect to a clade composed of Gobiidae, Microdesmidae, Ptereleotridae, Kraemeriidae, and Schindleriidae. Within this five-family clade, two clades are recovered. One includes Gobionellinae, which is paraphyletic with respect to Kraemeriidae, Sicydiinae, Oxudercinae, and Amblyopinae. The other contains Gobiinae, also paraphyletic, and including Microdesmidae, Ptereleotridae, and Schindleriidae. Previous morphological evidence for goby groupings is discussed; the phylogenetic hypothesis indicates that the morphological reduction observed in many goby species has been derived several times independently.     

Nicotinic Agonists, Antagonists, and Modulators From Natural Sources

1. Acetylcholine receptors were initially defined as nicotinic or muscarinic, based on selective activation by two natural products, nicotine and muscarine. Several further nicotinic agonists have been discovered from natural sources, including cytisine, anatoxin, ferruginine, anabaseine, epibatidine, and epiquinamide. These have provided lead structures for the design of a wide range of synthetic agents.2. Natural sources have also provided competitive nicotinic antagonists, such as the Erythrina alkaloids, the tubocurarines, and methyllycaconitine. Noncompetitive antagonists, such as the histrionicotoxins, various izidines, decahydroquinolines, spiropyrrolizidine oximes, pseudophrynamines, ibogaine, strychnine, cocaine, and sparteine have come from natural sources. Finally, galanthamine, codeine, and ivermectin represent positive modulators of nicotinic function, derived from natural sources.3. Clearly, research on acetylcholine receptors and functions has been dependent on key natural products and the synthetic agents that they inspired.     

Systematics and phylogeny of the caryophyllidia-bearing dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia), with descriptions of a new genus and four new species from Indo-Pacific deep waters

The phylogenetic relationships of the caryophyllidia-bearing dorids are studied, based on the examination of the type species of all the genera previously described. The phylogenetic hypothesis supports that the caryophyllidia-bearing dorids are a monophyletic group and the sister group of the clade formed by Astemnotus Ehrenberg, 1831 and Halgerda Bergh, 1880. Several genera previously considered as valid or regarded as uncertain are here synonymized: Peronodoris Bergh, 1904, Trippa Bergh, 1877, Phlegmodoris Bergh, 1878, Petelodoris Bergh, 1881, Kentrodoris Bergh, 1876, Audura Bergh, 1878, Centrodoris P. Fischer, 1883, Anisodoris Bergh, 1898, Awuka Er. Marcus, 1955, Rhabdochiia P. Fischer, 1883, Boreodoris Odhner, 1939, Dictyodoris Bergh, 1880, Gravieria Vayssiere, 1912, Aporodoris Ihering, 1886. The following genera are regarded as valid: Astemnotus, Atagema J.E. Gray, 1850, Jorunna Bergh, 1876, Platydoris Bergh, 1877, Diaulula Bergh, 1878, Rostanga Bergh, 1879, Halgerda Bergh, 1880, Baptodoris Bergh, 1884, Gargamella Bergh, 1894, Alloiodoris Bergh, 1904, Sclerodoris Eliot, 1904, Taringa Er. Marcus, 1955, Thorybopus Bouchet, 1977. The new genus Nophodoris is described based on two new species from New Caledonia deep waters. Two additional new species from New Caledonia belonging to the genera Atagema and Gargamella are also described. Nomenclatural and taxonomic problems are discussed, and several type species, neotypes and lectotypes are selected.     

Revision of the Malagasy genus Trichoteleia Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea, Platygastridae)

The species of the genus Trichoteleia Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) are revised: 42 species are recognized, of which two were previously named and are redescribed: Trichoteleia afo Talamas, sp. n., Trichoteleia albidipes Kieffer, Trichoteleia bicolor Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia bidentata Talamas sp. n.; Trichoteleia carinata Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia cincta Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia delilah Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia eburata Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia echinata Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia fisheri Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia funesta Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia halterata Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia hemlyae Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia irwini Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia janus Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia jiro Talamas, sp. n.; T. ketrona Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia levii Talamas & Johnson, sp. n.; Trichoteleia longiventris Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia minima Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia nify Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia oculea Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia orona Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia parvipennis Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia pauliani (Risbec); Trichoteleia picturata Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia prima Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia prolixa Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia quazii Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia ravaka Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia rugifrons Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia solocis Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia sphaerica Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia subtilis Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia tahotra Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia takariva Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia tezitra Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia tigris Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia tonsa Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia warreni Talamas & Masner, sp. n.; Trichoteleia xantrox Talamas, sp. n.; Trichoteleia zuparkoi Talamas & Masner, sp. n. A neotype is designated for Trichoteleia albidipes and a lectotype is designated for Trichoteleia pauliani.     

Oxypred： Prediction and Classification of Oxygen-Binding Proteins

This study describes a method for predicting and classifying oxygen-binding pro- teins. Firstly, support vector machine (SVM) modules were developed using amino acid composition and dipeptide composition for predicting oxygen-binding pro- teins, and achieved maximum accuracy of 85.5% and 87.8%, respectively. Sec- ondly, an SVM module was developed based on amino acid composition, classify- ing the predicted oxygen-binding proteins into six classes with accuracy of 95.8%, 97.5%, 97.5%, 96.9%, 99.4%, and 96.0% for erythrocruorin, hemerythrin, hemo- cyanin, hemoglobin, leghemoglobin, and myoglobin proteins, respectively. Finally, an SVM module was developed using dipeptide composition for classifying the oxygen-binding proteins, and achieved maximum accuracy of 96.1%, 98.7%, 98.7%, 85.6%, 99.6%, and 93.3% for the above six classes, respectively. All modules were trained and tested by five-fold cross validation. Based on the above approach, a web server Oxypred was developed for predicting and classifying oxygen-binding proteins(available from http://www.imtech.res.in/raghava/oxypred/).     

Some New Taxa and Records of Characeae in Hunan,China

In this paper, one new species, four new varieties and thirteen new records of Characeae from Hunan, China, are reported. They are Chara quadriscutulum, sp. nov., Nitella axilliformis var. biformis, var. nov., N. microcarpa var. unicarpa, var. nov., Chara braunii var. cylindrospora, var. nov., C. hydropitys var. hunanensis, var. nov., Nitella microcarpa Braun, N. leptoclada Braun, N. annandalei Pal, N. confervacea A. Braun, N. gracilliformis J. Groves, N. inversa Imahori, N. musashiensis Morioka, N. paucicostata T. F. Allen, N. acuminata var. gollmeriana (A. Br.) Zanev. et Wood, Tolypella boldii Sawa. Chara longifolia Robinson, C. pistianensis J. Vilhelm, C. grovesii Pal.