茉莉花的化学成分

从药用植物茉莉花(Jasminum sambac(L．)Ait．)花蕾中分离到9个化合物,通过波谱分析并与已知化合物数据对照,分别鉴定为：苄基-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(1),苄基-O-β-D-木吡喃糖基(1→6)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(2),tetraol(3),molihuaoside D(4),sarnhcoside A(5),sambacoside E(6),芦丁(rutin)(7),山奈酚-3-O-α-L鼠李吡喃糖基(1-2)[α-L鼠李吡喃糖基(1-6)]-β-D半乳吡喃糖甙(8),斛皮素-3-O-α-L鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)[α-L鼠李吡喃糖基(1→6)]-β-D-半乳吡喃糖甙(9)。     

鞭打绣球中的苯丙素甙和环烯醚萜甙

从鞭打绣球（ＨｅｍｉｐｈｒａｇｍａｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍＷａｌｌ．）（玄参科）的全草中分离到２个新的苯丙素甙,命名为鞭打绣球甙Ａ和Ｂ（ｈｅｍｉｐｈｒｏｓｉｄｅＡａｎｄＢ）,２个已知的苯丙素甙,ｐｌａｎｔａｍａｊｏｓｉｄｅ和ｐｌａｎｔａｉｎｏｓｉｄｅＤ,以及３个已知的环烯醚萜甙,ｇｌｏｂｕｌａｒｉｃｉｓｉｎ,ｇｌｏｂｕｌａｒｉｎ和ｉｓｏ－ｓｃｒｏｐｈｕｌａｒｉｏｓｉｄｅ．通过化学和光谱分析,鞭打绣球甙Ａ和Ｂ的结构分别鉴定为２－（３－羟基－４－甲氧基苯基）乙基０－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→３）－４－Ｏ－反式阿魏醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖试和２－（３,４－二羟基苯基）乙基Ｏ－［６－Ｏ－乙醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→３）］－４－Ｏ－反式咖啡醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙．     

竹菌化学成分的研究

从肉座菌科真菌竹菌(Engleromyces goetzei P. Henn.)的乙酸乙酯部分分离到一个新化合物(2S, 3S, 4R, 10E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytetracosanoyl amino]-10-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (1)和12个已知化合物,分别为cerebroside A、cerebroside B、cerebroside D、cytochalasin D、expoxycytochalasin D、cytochalasin C、loganin、cerevisterol、ergosta-7,22-dien-3β, 5α, 6α-triol、ergosta-4,6,8 (14), 22-tetraen-3-one、ergosterol peroxide和ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol.利用现代波谱方法(1H-NMR、13C-NMR、2D-NMR和ESI-MS等)及化学方法将化合物1鉴定为一新的神经酰胺.除化合物cytochalasin D 外, 其余的化合物均系首次从该真菌中发现.首次从真菌界分离鉴定了一个环烯醚萜甙类化合物 loganin.     

金钟茵陈的本草学和化学成分研究

本文通过本草文献的考证,讨论了金钟茵陈(Siphonostegia chinensis)的药用历史、同物异名、同药异用、性味功效以及医疗价值等。从该植物中分离到4个配糖体成分,经光谱测定和化学降解,鉴定其中一个为新的单萜环烯醚甙,即10-对香豆酰桃叶珊瑚甙;两个为已知的8-异马钱素和阿克甙,另一成分待鉴定。从而为该药的利用与开发提供了依据。     

竹菌化学成分的研究

从肉座菌科真菌竹菌（Engleromyces goelzeiP.Henn)的乙酸乙酯部分分离到一个新化合物（2S,3S,4R,10E）-2-[2′R）-2′-hydroxytetracosanoyl amino]-10-octadecene-1,3,4-triol(1)和12个已知化合物,分别为cerebrosideA,cerebrosideB,cerebrosideD,cytochalasinD,expoeycytochalasinD.cytochalasin C,loganin,cerevisterol,ergosta-7,22-=dien-3β,5α,6α-triol,ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one,ergosterol peroxide和ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol。利用现代波谱方法（^1H-NMR,^13C-NMR,2D-NMR和ESI-MS等）及化学方法将化合物1鉴定为一新的神经酰胺,除化合物cytochalasinD外,其余的化合物均系首次从该真菌中发现,首次从真菌界分离鉴定了一个环烯醚萜甙类化合物loganin。     

闭花耳草的化学成分研究

从闭花耳草(Hedyotis cryptantha )全草中分离得到11个化合物,经波谱数据分析鉴定为车叶草苷(1),车叶草苷酸(2),车叶草苷酸甲酯(3),车叶草酸乙酯(4),3,4-二氢-3-甲氧基车叶草苷(5),山奈酚(6),kaempferol 3,7-di-O -β-D-glucoside(7),kaempferol 3-O -β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactopyranoside(8),乌索酸(9),豆甾醇(10),β-谷甾醇(11)。所有化合物均为首次从闭花耳草植物中分离得到,其中化合物7和8首次从耳草属(Hedyotis )植物中分离得到。     

裂叶翼首花的化学成分

裂叶翼首花的化学成分田军,吴风锷,邱明华,聂瑞麟（中国科学院昆明植物研究所植物化学开放研究实验室,昆明６５０２０４）（中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都６１００４１）ＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＣＯＮＳＴＩＴＵＥＮＴＳＦＲＯＭＰＴＥＲＯＣＥＰＨＡＬＵＳＢＲＥＴＳＣＨ...     

坚龙胆环烯醚萜甙的HPLC分析

应用HPLC分析方法,建立了坚龙胆中5个主要环烯醚萜甙的含量测定方法。在ZORBAXSB—C18色谱柱,乙腈-0．2％磷酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1．0mL/min,柱温为40℃,检测波长254nm的色谱条件下,化合物得到良好的分离,并具线性相关。本方法操作简便,重现性好,灵敏度高。对不同产地的样品进行比较分析的结果表明,产地对坚龙胆中环烯醚萜甙的组成和含量有显著的影响。     

黑蒴中的单萜甙类化合物

自黑蒴(Melasma arvense[Benth.]H.-M.)根中分离鉴定了羟基-β-紫罗兰酮葡萄醣甙(hydroxy-β-ionone glucosid 1)和一新的环烯醚萜甙—桃叶珊瑚甙元-1-O-β-龙胆双醣甙(aucubigenin-1-O-β-gentiobioside 2)。     

Variation of Chemical Constituents and Antiradical Capacity of Nine Ferulago angulata Populations from Iran

The present study was designed to assess the influence of geographical factors on essential oil (EO) composition, along with antiradical potential and phytochemical contents of Ferulago angulata (Schltdl .) Boiss (Apiaceae) extracts for the first time. The aerial parts were hydrodistilled by Clevenger apparatus and subjected to gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The EO yields were significantly different from populations ‘Mongar’ (south‐slope, 3000 m) with 1.34±0.06 % and ‘Male‐Amiri’ (north slope, 2600 m) with 0.18±0.05 % of total oil. Thirty‐nine compounds were identified from the EOs of nine populations. α‐Pinene was the predominant component ranging from 20.84 to 49.06 % in ‘Gandomkar’ (north‐slope, 2500 m) and ‘Mongar’ (3000 m), respectively. The methanolic extract of ‘Mongar’ (north‐slope at 2500 m) possessed the highest total phenolic contents. Also, this population logically exhibited potent antiradical activity using both 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays with EC₅₀ of 42.07±4.12 μg/mL and 8.34±0.21 mmol Trolox® equivalents/g, respectively. Due to its moderate free‐radical scavenging potential and high α‐pinene content, the population ‘Mongar’ might be considered as a perspective raw material in food and phytopharmaceutical industries.     

Chemical constituents from the root of Damnacanthus officinarum Huang

The present phytochemical investigation on Damnacanthus officinarum Huang led to the isolation of a new anthraquinone glycoside named digiferruginol-11-O-β-gentiobioside, along with six known compounds, including anthraquinone glycosides, iridoid glycoside and etc. In the study, compounds (2–7) were isolated for the first time from D. officinarum Huang and Damnacanthus genus. The found of compounds (1–4, 6 and 7) indicate a close relationship between D. officinarum Huang and Morinda officinalis, which may be as chemotaxonomic markers for the tribe Morindeae     

姜黄地上部分化学成分的研究

为了解姜黄(Curcuma longa L.)地上部分的化学成分,采用硅胶、葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱从姜黄地上部分分离得到14个化合物。通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为槲皮素3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(1)、山柰酚3-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-鼠李糖苷(2)、橙皮素7-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、1,7-二(4-羟基苯基)庚烷-4E,6E-二烯-3-酮(4)、1,7-二(4-羟基苯基)庚烷-1E,4E,6E-三烯-3-酮(5)、3-羟基-4-甲氧基肉桂酸(6)、对羟基苯甲醛(7)、香草醛(8)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲酸(9)、异香草酸(10)、4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)苯甲酸(11)、R-6-羟基-6-甲基-3-(2-羟基异丙基)-2-烯环己酮(12)、6,9-二羟基-4,7-巨豆二烯-3-酮(13)和β-胡萝卜苷(14)。化合物1、2、3、12和13首次从该植物中分离得到。经HPLC比较分析,姜黄地上部分缺乏姜黄药材的主要功能成分姜黄素。     

The Chemical Constituents of Rabdosia coetsa

From the leaves of Rabdosia coetsa (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Ham, a new kauranoic acid, coetsanoic acid, along with eight known compounds, dihydrorabdoktmmin C, rabdoktmmin C, albopilosin A, maerocalyxin C, N-2'-hydroxy-eieosanoyl ( henicosanoyl-hexacosanoyl )-4-hydroxy- trans-8-sphingenine,ursolic acid, 2a, 3β-dihydroxyursolie acid and daucosterol has been isolated. Its structure was established as 7a, 12a, 14β-tri-hydroxy-15-oxo-ent-kauran-18-carboxy acid by spectroscopic means. The ceramides were isolated from the plants of Rabdosia for the first time.     

Chemical constituents from Hovenia dulcis Thunb. And their chemotaxonomic significance

Phytochemical investigations on the fruit stalks and seeds of the plant Hovenia dulcis Thunb. led to the isolation of twenty-one compounds, including three triterpenes (1–3), two sterols (4–5), five flavonoids (6–10), two sesquiterpenes (11–12), one lignan (13), two phenylpropanoids (14–15), four benzoic acid derivatives (16–19), one acid amide (20) and one cerebroside (21). The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and comparison with previous literatures. Among them, ten compounds (4, 11–12, 14–20) were isolated from familiy Rhamnaceae, two (13, 21) from the genus Hovenia, and three (5, 8, 10) from the species Hovenia dulcis Thunb. for the first time, respectively. The chemotaxonomic significance of these isolates was also discussed.     

Chemical constituents from Saussurea licentiana Hand.-Mazz

Chemical investigation of Saussurea licentiana led to the isolation of ten compounds, and their structures were identified to be dia-aurantiamide acetate (1), (+)-pinoresinol 4-O-β-D-glucoside (2), encelin (3), apigenin (4), luteolin (5), jaceosidin (6), luteolin -7-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (7), α-amyrin (8), β-amyrin (9), taraxasterol (10) on the basis of mass and NMR spectra. This is the first report on the occurrence of compounds 1, and 2 in the genus Saussurea while 1 is reported for the first time from Asteraceae. This work also represents the first phytochemical work on the whole plants of S. licentiana.     

Cytotoxic withanolides from Physalis angulata L

Four new withanolides, physagulins L-O (1-4), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the aerial parts of Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae), together with seven known withanolides, compounds 5-11. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques, including 1H-, 13C-NMR (DEPT), and 2D-NMR (HMBC, HMQC, 1H,1H-COSY, NOESY) experiments, as well as by HR-MS. All eleven compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activities towards human colorectal-carcinoma (HCT-116) and human non-small-cell lung-cancer (NCI-H460) cells. Compound 5 exhibited the highest anticancer activity against the HCT-116 cell line, with an IC50 value of 1.64+/-0.06 microM. Compound 9 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity towards the NCI-H460 cell line, with an IC50 value of 0.43+/-0.02 microM.     

Iridoid and phenylethanoid glycosides from Heterophragma sulfureum

An unusual iridoid diglycoside (specioside 6′-O-α-d-galactopyranoside) and a new phenylethanoid triglycoside (heterophragmoside) were isolated from the leaves and branches of Heterophragma sulfureum together with specioside, verminoside, 6-trans-feruloylcatapol, stereospermoside, (−)-lyoniresinol 3α-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (+)-lyoniresinol 3α-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (−)-5′-methoxyisolariciresinol 3α-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (+)-5′-methoxyisolariciresinol 3α-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and dehydroconiferyl 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside. The structural elucidations were based on analyses of chemical and spectroscopic data.