互联网教育对超声住培教学的影响及思考

目的 分析互联网教育对超声专业住培医师教学的影响.方法 将我科接受超声专业住院医师规范化培训的50名住培医师为研究对象,其中以2019年1～4月的住培医师为对照组,以2020年1～4月的住培医师为实验组.对照组以传统教学方式教学,实验组以互联网教学为主要教学方式,两组住培医师通过考试成绩(笔试及技能)及问卷调查方法评估...     

Local advisers for the teaching of microbiology in schools

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of formal teaching of ethical issues related to science on middle school students' attitudes towards science and science achievement. A total of 132 Grade 8 (age 13 – 14years) students in Seoul participated, who were divided into the control and the experimental group. Student attitude toward science was assessed using a questionnaire before and after the intervention which composed of five sub-categories: students' interest level in science, students' perception of the practicality of science knowledge, student's opinion on how science is defined, students' perception of the relationships within science, scientists and society, and students' perception of the value of science. The study further examined whether teaching ethical issues in science had any effect on students' achievement level by means of a pre- and post-test evaluation.

The results of this study showed that teaching ethical issues in science had a positive influence on the students' attitudes toward science, specifically, the interest level in science (p = 0.028) and perception of practicality of science knowledge (p = 0.044). However, there was no statistically significant difference in science achievement level between the control and experimental groups. The results imply that there is a need to explore ethical issues in science education, and that incorporating various materials on the ethical perspectives of science and technology in educational material will promote students' positive attitude towards science.     

例谈解决高中生物学教学中“内容多”与“课时少”矛盾的策略

结合教学案例,提出下列策略来解决高中生物学教学中"内容多"与"课时少"矛盾:规划好模块的整体教学计划;制定详细、具体、可检测的教学目标,同时教学时要突出主要目标;设计好学生"学"的活动;处理好高中初中生物学教学和不同模块教学的衔接。     

改革生物化学实验教学注重学生的素质教育

针对生物化学实验课的特点,就素质教育如何体现在实验教学方面,进行了一些改革与探索。     

Getting a head start: the importance of personal genetics education in high schools

With advances in sequencing technology, widespread and affordable genome sequencing will soon be a reality. However, studies suggest that "genetic literacy" of the general public is inadequate to prepare our society for this unprecedented access to our genetic information. As the current generation of high school students will come of age in an era when personal genetic information is increasingly utilized in health care, it is of vital importance to ensure these students understand the genetic concepts necessary to make informed medical decisions. These concepts include not only basic scientific knowledge, but also considerations of the ethical, legal, and social issues that will arise in the age of personal genomics. In this article, we review the current state of genetics education, highlight issues that we believe need to be addressed in a comprehensive genetics education curriculum, and describe our education efforts at the Harvard Medical School-based Personal Genetics Education Project.     

青年教师卓越教学能力的提升对留学生人体解剖与组织胚胎学教学的影响

高校留学生教育迅速发展,我国高校青年教师教学能力的发展还存在诸多问题,"卓越计划"背景下高校青年教师的留学生教学能力亟待提高。根据我校青年教师的发展特点以及留学生教学现状,我们通过组织精彩示范课、教师系列培训等活动以及加强基础教师实践能力培养等一系列措施,形成了一套切实可行的提高青年教师人体解剖与组织胚胎学教学能力的有效策略。经过统计分析发现,教学效果显著提高。     

Changing the science education paradigm: from teaching facts to engaging the intellect: Science Education Colloquia Series, Spring 2011

Dr. Jo Handelsman, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Professor in the Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology at Yale University, is a long-time devotee of scientific teaching, receiving this year’s Presidential Award for Science Mentoring. She gave a seminar entitled “What is Scientific Teaching? The Changing Landscape of Science Education” as a part of the Scientific Education Colloquia Series in spring 2011. After dissecting what is wrong with the status quo of American scientific education, several ideological and practical changes are proposed, including active learning, regular assessment, diversity, and mentorship.     

l-3-(3-carboxyfuran-4-yl)alanine,a new amino acid from the mushroom Phyllotopsis nidulans

A new amino acid has been discovered in uncombined form in extracts of the fruiting bodies of the mushroom, Phyllotopsis nidulans. Chemical and spectroscopic data support formulation of the structure as l-3-(3-carboxyfuran-4-yl)alanine.     

A new monoclonal antibody, 4-1a,that binds to the amino terminus of human lipoprotein lipase

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) has been highly conserved through vertebrate evolution, making it challenging to generate useful antibodies. Some polyclonal antibodies against LPL have turned out to be nonspecific, and the available monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against LPL, all of which bind to LPL's carboxyl terminus, have drawbacks for some purposes. We report a new LPL-specific monoclonal antibody, Mab 4-1a, which binds to the amino terminus of LPL (residues 5–25). Mab 4-1a binds human and bovine LPL avidly; it does not inhibit LPL catalytic activity nor does it interfere with the binding of LPL to heparin. Mab 4-1a does not bind to human hepatic lipase. Mab 4-1a binds to GPIHBP1-bound LPL and does not interfere with the ability of the LPL–GPIHBP1 complex to bind triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Mab 4-1a will be a useful reagent for both biochemists and clinical laboratories.     

Synthesis of new 3-(2-mercapto-4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl)-benzenesulfonamides with strong inhibition properties against the tumor associated carbonic anhydrases IX and XII

We report a series of novel metanilamide-based derivatives 3a–q bearing the 2-mercapto-4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl moiety as tail. All compounds were synthesized by means of straightforward condensation procedures and were investigated in vitro for their inhibition potency against the human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1.1) isoforms I, II, IX and XII. Among all compounds tested the 6-iodo 3g and the 7-fluoro 3i derivatives were the most potent inhibitors against the tumor associated CA IX and XII isoform (K_Is 1.5 and 2.7 nM respectively for the hCA IX and K_Is 0.57 and 1.9 nM respectively for the hCA XII).The kinetic data reported here strongly support compounds of this type for their future development as radiotracers in tumor pathologies which are strictly dependent on the enzymatic activity of the hCA IX and XII isoforms.     

Synthesis, structures and luminescence properties of two new Zn(II) coordination compounds incorporating the 5-(4-pyridyl)tetrazolate spacer ligand

The hydrothermal reaction of ZnCl₂ with 5-(4-pyridyl)tetrazole afforded the 2D metal-organic coordination framework [Zn(OH)(4-ptz)] (1) and the mononuclear complex [Zn(4-ptz)₂(H₂O)₄]?2(H₂O) (2) [4-ptz = 5-(4-pyridyl)-tetrazolate]. Compound 1 consists of a zig-zag bidimensional network formed by rectangular (4,4) grid sheets. Molecules of 2 form a 3D extended network of hydrogen bonding involving water molecules and the tetrazolate ligand. In addition, compound 1 exhibits strong fluorescence at room temperature in the solid state.     

Structure of the O-polysaccharide of Providencia alcalifaciens O8 containing (2S,4R)-2,4-dihydroxypentanoic acid, a new non-sugar component of bacterial glycans

A glycerol teichoic acid-like O-polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia alcalifaciens O8 and studied by chemical methods and NMR spectroscopy, including 2D ROESY, {(1)H,(13)C} HSQC, and HMQC-TOCSY experiments. It was found that the compound contains a new component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides: ether-linked (2S,4R)-2,4-dihydroxypentanoic acid (Dhpa), which was identified by NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established:     

One trinuclear copper(II) complex derived from a new Schiff base ligand based on the dianion of 4-chloro-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-((3-aminopropylimino)methyl)-phenol: Synthesis, structure, spectroscopic and magnetic properties

A linear trinuclear copper(II) complex (1), prepared from a new Schiff base ligand, namely the dianion of 4-chloro-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-((3-aminopropylimino)methyl)-phenol, was synthesized and characterized in this paper. The X-ray structural study reveals that the geometry of the central Cu2 ion is elongated octahedral and that of the two side Cu(II) ions is distorted square pyramidal. The magnetic susceptibility measurements from 2 to 300 K reveal medium antiferromagnetic interactions between the Cu(II) ions with a J value of −64.6(1) cm⁻¹.     

Development of a new EPR spin trap, DOD-8C (N-[4-dodecyloxy-2-(7'-carboxyhept-1'-yloxy)benzylidene]-N-tert-butylamine N-oxide), for the trapping of lipid radicals at a predetermined depth within biological membranes

We report on the development of the first member of a new family of EPR spin-trapping agents designed to trap radicals at a predetermined depth within biological membranes. By analogy to the use of nitroxide spin labels to 'report' on the environment at specific depths within biological membranes, we set out to prepare similar reporter molecules, but with a nitrone in place of the nitroxide function. The prototype compounds were tested in a model system consisting of large unilamellar vesicles exposed to a copper-dependent radical generating system. This entailed the reduction of tert-butylhydroperoxide to the tert-butoxyl radical ((t)BuO(.-)) by a membrane-permeable Cu(I) complex, which was generated in situ by reduction of the Cu(II) complex by ascorbate. To assist in the identification of the radicals detected, preliminary studies were performed in methanolic solution, where the major radical trapped was shown to be (.-)CH(2)OH, resulting from H-atom abstraction from the alcohol by (t)BuO(.-). This conclusion was shown to be in agreement with predictions based on chemical kinetics, which were then used to support the proposal that the primary species trapped in the lipid vesicles were radicals derived from membrane fatty acids. This molecule represents the first of a new generation of spin traps which, through modification, can be used to position the radical-trapping nitrone moiety at chosen depths within biological membranes.     

Structure of the O-polysaccharide of Vibriocholerae O43 containing a new monosaccharide derivative, 4-(N-acetyl-l-allothreonyl)amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose

The O-polysaccharide of Vibriocholerae O43 was studied using chemical analyses, triflic acid solvolysis and 2D NMR spectroscopy, including ¹H/¹H COSY, TOCSY, NOESY and ¹H/¹³C gradient-selected HSQC experiments. The following structure of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established:→3)-β-d-Quip4NAcyl-(1→3)-α-d-GalpNAcA-(1→4)-α-d-GalpNAc-(1→3)-α-d-QuipNAc-(1→where d-QuiNAc stands for 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-d-glucose, d-Qui4NAcyl for 4-(N-acetyl-l-allothreonyl)amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose and d-GalNAcA for 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galacturonic acid.