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1.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the temporal stability and the situational specificity of the intra-anal EMG-activity,
as well as the individual specificity of this response in dyssynergic defecation patients. With this purpose, 26 individuals
(13 with dyssynergic defecation and 13 without anorectal pathology) participated in two sessions of psychophysiological assessment,
with an inter-session period of 1 week. At each session, the EMG-activity of external anal sphincter was recorded under four
different conditions (baseline, voluntary contraction, reflex contraction and simulated defecation). The findings provide
empirical evidence about temporal stability of the intra-anal EMG-activity, situational specificity of this response and the
existence of a specific profile of intra-anal EMG-activity characteristic of patients with dyssynergic defecation. 相似文献
2.
Kimiko Minamida Mie Nishimura Kazunori Miwa Jun Nishihira 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(2):300-306
To elucidate the effects of Lilac LAB (Bacillus coagulans lilac-01 and okara [soy pulp] powder) on bowel movements/fecal properties, we conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial with healthy Japanese volunteers with a tendency for constipation (n = 297). The subjects ingested 2 g/d placebo (okara powder) or test food (Lilac LAB, 1 × 108 CFU) once a day for 2 weeks. In the test group of functionally constipated subjects, the changes in the average scores of self-reported fecal size, sensation of incomplete evacuation, and defecation frequency were significantly improved compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05), and fecal color and odor tended to improve (p = 0.07). In the test food group of all subjects and among the non-functionally constipated subjects, the fecal size tended to improve compared to the placebo group (p = 0.06, p = 0.07, respectively). Lilac LAB was effective in improving bowel movements and fecal properties in functionally constipated persons. 相似文献
3.
Intestinal microflora analysis was performed on 52 healthy elderly subjects of different ages and in different regions in
Bama County, Guangxi, China. The participants were assigned to three groups depending on their age and location: longevous
(group M; mean age = 98 years; n = 21); rural younger elderly (group S; mean age = 70 years; n = 18); and urban elderly (group C; mean age = 82 years; n = 13). Ten groups of bacteria were quantified using real-time PCR. Age-related differences were observed in the number of
Clostridium coccoides–Eubacterium rectale—there were more in longevous participants. Region affected the numbers of Bacteroides—Prevotella and Clostridium perfringens subgroup, and longevous participants had significantly more of the two bacterial groups than urban elderly participants.
Region-related effects were also observed for the relative abundance of E. coli, and rural elderly participants had a lower proportion. Both age and regional effects were observed in the amount of total
bacteria, and longevous participants had higher numbers than urban elderly participants. A significantly higher proportion
of lactobacilli was observed in rural younger elderly participants than urban elderly participants, but independent age or
regional effects did not contribute to this difference. This study suggests that age and region can affect the intestinal
microflora of elderly people. 相似文献
4.
D.A.F. da Silva D.C. Vallim C.d.O. Rosas V.M. de Mello M.L.L. Brandão I. de Filippis 《Letters in applied microbiology》2021,72(3):316-324
Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic pathogen with the ability to adapt to different environmental conditions, resulting in safety issues for food producers. Foods contaminated by L. monocytogenes can represent a risk if consumed by susceptible individuals such as elderly, pregnant women and the immunocompromised. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of a collection of L. monocytogenes isolated from different matrices in Brazil during the period of 1979–2015. A total of 51 L. monocytogenes serotype 1/2a strains isolated from clinical samples (n = 3) and food samples (n = 48) were characterized by Multi-Virulence-Locus Sequence Typing (MVLST). The strains were assigned to nine virulence types (VT): VT-11 (n = 3, 5·9%), VT-45 (n = 27, 52·9%), VT-59 (n = 11, 21·6%), VT-68 (n = 3, 5·9%), VT-94 (n = 2, 3·9%), VT-107 (n = 2, 3·9%), VT-184 (n = 1, 1·9%), VT-185 (n = 1, 1·9%) and VT-186 (n = 1, 1·9%); and four of them (VT-11, VT-45, VT-59 and VT-68) have already been associated with cases of listeriosis worldwide. The VT-11, VT-59 (Epidemic Clone V) and VT-186 were identified in blood culture samples, as well as in different classes of foods. It is recommended that the epidemiological surveillance agencies evaluate the risk that foods contaminated with L. monocytogenes VTs pose to susceptible populations. 相似文献
5.
Eliab Estrada-Corts Hctor R. Vera-Avila Jorge Urrutia-Morales Eugenio Villagmez-Amezcua Hctor Jimnez-Severiano Csar A. Mejía-Guadarrama M. Teresa Rivera-Lozano Hctor G. Gmez-Vzquez 《Animal reproduction science》2009,116(3-4):282-290
The objective was to determine the effect of body energy stores, evaluated by a body mass index (BMI), and food intake (FI), on the length of the anovulatory period and ovarian activity during the seasonal reproductive transitions in Creole goats. Non-pregnant, non-lactating Creole goats (n = 28) were fed to induce two different BMI conditions: Greater (GBMI; n = 15), and Lesser (LBMI; n = 13). Each BMI group was divided into two sub-groups, which were either feed restricted (FR) or non-feed restricted (NFR). Goats in the NFR groups received a diet containing 100% of the daily maintenance requirements (basal diet), while restricted goats were subjected to alternated periods, receiving 100% (11 d) and 60% (10 d) of the basal diet, during the entire experimental period. The experiment started after does were treated to synchronize time of estrus. Serum progesterone was determined in samples obtained twice a week, and used as a criterion for determining ovulations. During the transition to the anovulatory period three transrectal ovarian ultrasonographic scans were performed in a sub-group of 12 goats (n = 3 for each treatment combination). The diameter of the largest follicle (LFD) and the total number of antral follicles ≥2 mm (TAF) were recorded. Ultrasonographic ovarian scans were performed at 21, 42 and 63 days after the beginning of the experiment, concurrently with the end of each feed restriction period. The variables of response associated with ovulation were not influenced by BMI or BMI × FI interaction. However, FI influenced length of anovulatory season, as the anovulatory period was 30 d longer (P < 0.05) in the FR group as compared with the NFR group. Independently of treatments, TAF and LFD decreased from the first to the third ultrasonographic ovarian scan (13.2, 10.8 and 4.4 follicles; 3.7, 2.7 and 2.3 mm). Nevertheless, in PER 1 the number of TAF was greater (P < 0.05) in the FR as compared with NFR group and the GBMI group had a larger LFD (P < 0.05) as compared to the LBMI group. It is concluded, that temporal restriction in feed intake could affect the time of cessation and initiation of ovulations during the periods of transition to seasonal anestrus and return to estrous activity, and increase the length of the anovulatory period. In addition, ovarian follicular development during transition into the anovulatory period is differentially influenced by food intake and the status of body energy stores. 相似文献
6.
Effects of electromyostimulation versus voluntary isometric training on elbow flexor muscle strength
The purpose of this study was to determine whether 7 weeks of standardized (same number and duration of repetitions, sets and rest strictly identical) electromyostimulation training of the elbow flexor muscles would induce strength gains equivalent to those of voluntary isometric training in isometric, eccentric and concentric contractions. Twenty-five males were randomly assigned to an electromyostimulated group (EMS, n = 9), a voluntary isometric group (VOL, n = 8), or a control group (CON, n = 8). Maximal voluntary isometric, eccentric and concentric strength, electromyographic (EMG) activity of the biceps and triceps brachii muscles, elbow flexor muscle activation (twitch interpolation technique) and contractile properties were assessed before and after the training period. The main findings were that the isometric torque gains of EMS were greater than those of VOL after the training period (P < 0.01) and that the eccentric and concentric torque gains were equivalent. In both groups, we observed that the mechanical twitch (Pt) was increased (P < 0.05) and that torque improvements were not mediated by neural adaptations. Considering the respective intensities of the training programs (i.e., submaximal contractions for EMS versus maximal for VOL), it can be concluded that electromyostimulation training would be more efficient than voluntary isometric training to improve both isometric and dynamic strength. 相似文献
7.
K. Lakshmana Gowda J. John Melbin S. A. Patil S. R. Bindu Rani M. K. Sanjay C. T. Shivannavar K. N. Brahmadathan 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2011,27(2):319-323
A total of sixty non repetitive isolates of group A streptococci (GAS) recovered from throat cultures of asymptomatic school
children (n = 36), school children with clinical pharyngitis (n = 9) and hospital patients with clinical pharyngitis (n = 4) as well as diverse clinical samples from invasive GAS disease (n = 11) were subjected to emm typing. A total of 35 emm types including 3 new subtypes were identified among them. Types emm 12 (16.6%) and emm 71 (6.6%) were the most prevalent. The distribution of emm types identified among school children were similar to those encountered among invasive isolates but was significantly different
from those reported elsewhere in India. Our study confirms the high diversity among Indian GAS isolates as well as significant
regional differences among the distribution of emm types. 相似文献
8.
Hildur Helgadottir Emilia Andersson Lisa Villabona Lena Kanter Henk van der Zanden Geert W. Haasnoot Barbara Seliger Kjell Bergfeldt Johan Hansson Boel Ragnarsson-Olding Rolf Kiessling Giuseppe Valentino Masucci 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2009,58(10):1599-1608
Purpose We have previously demonstrated an association of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), HLA-A2 allele with ovarian and prostate
cancer mortality as well as a segregation of the ancestral HLA haplotype (AHH) 62.1 [(A2) B15 Cw3 DRB1*04] in patients with
stage III–IV serous ovarian cancer. The objective of the present study was to determine the role of the HLA phenotype on the
prognosis in stage III–IV malignant melanoma patients.
Patients and methods A cohort of metastatic malignant melanoma patients (n = 91), in stage III (n = 26) or IV (n = 65) were analysed for HLA-A, -B, -Cw and -DRB1 types by PCR/sequence-specific primer method. The frequencies of HLA alleles
in the patients were compared to that of healthy Swedish bone marrow donors. The effect of HLA types on prognosis was defined
by Kaplan–Meier and Cox analysis.
Results The presence of the AHH 62.1 in clinical stage IV patients was significantly and independently associated with the worst survival
rate recorded from the appearance of metastasis (HR = 2.14; CI = 1.02–4.4; P = 0.04). In contrast, the period from the primary diagnosis to metastasis was the longest in patients with this haplotype
(HR = 0.40; CI = 0.17–0.90; P = 0.02).
Conclusions Melanoma patients in our cohort with 62.1 AHH which is associated with autoimmune diseases have an initial strong anti-tumour
control with longer metastasis-free period. These patients have rapid progression after the appearance of metastasis, responding
poorly to chemo- or/and immunotherapy. This apparently paradoxical clinical process could be due to the interplay between
tumour clones escape and immune surveillance ending up with a rapid disease progression.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
9.
Folke Hammarqvist Gertrud Angsten Staffan Meurling Kerstin Andersson Jan Wernerman 《Amino acids》2010,39(2):359-366
The aim of the study was to explore if changes in muscle and plasma amino acid concentrations developed during growth and
differed from levels seen in adults. The gradient and concentrations of free amino acids in muscle and plasma were investigated
in relation to age in metabolic healthy children. Plasma and specimens from the abdominal muscle were obtained during elective
surgery. The children were grouped into three groups (group 1: < 1 year, n = 8; group 2: 1–4 years, n = 13 and group 3: 5–15 years, n = 15). A reference group of healthy adults (21–38 years, n = 22) was included in their comparisons and reflected specific differences between children and adults. In muscle the concentrations
of 8 out of 19 amino acids analysed increased with age, namely taurine, aspartate, threonine, alanine, valine, isoleucine,
leucine, histidine, as well as the total sums of branched chain amino acids (BCAA), basic amino acids (BAA) and total sum
of amino acids (P < 0.05). In plasma the concentrations of threonine, glutamine, valine, cysteine, methionine, leucine, lysine, tryptophane,
arginine, BCAA, BAA and the essential amino acids correlated with age (P < 0.05). These results indicate that there is an age dependency of the amino acid pattern in skeletal muscle and plasma during
growth. 相似文献
10.
The heterogeneity of climate and different agro-ecological conditions in Iran have resulted in development of 27 indigenous sheep breeds. Wild Asiatic mouflon (Ovis orientalis) is believed to be the ancestor of Iranian sheep. Evaluation of genetic diversity and population structure within and among domestic breeds has important implications for animal breeding programs and genetic resources management. Based on 50K SNP genotype data, we studied the genetic diversity of five indigenous Iranian sheep breeds: Afshari (n = 37), Moghani (n = 34), Qezel (n = 35), Zel (n = 46) and Lori-Bakhtiari (n = 46), and Asiatic mouflon (n = 8) sampled from Iran. Furthermore, genetic diversity and the breed admixture of Iranian sheep were assessed on a larger geographic scale using a reference panel comprising: three indigenous Afghan breeds – Arabi (n = 15), Balouchi (n = 15) and Gadik (n = 15); three indigenous breeds from Turkey and Cyprus – Cyprus Fat Tail (n = 30), Karakas (n = 18) and Norduz (n = 20); and three commercial European breeds – Suffolk (n = 19), Comisana (n = 24) and Engadine Red Sheep (n = 24). The results revealed that the investigated breeds are divided into five genetically distinct clusters according to their geographic origin. Afshari was closest to the local mouflon population and showed signs of mouflon admixture. Qezel was identified as a hybrid sheep breed. Much evidence supported the Afghan breeds being identical. Inbreeding values, which were estimated based on ROHs, were highest for Suffolk (FROH = 0.0544) and lowest for Balouchi (FROH = 0.0078). In conclusion, analysis of selected breeds from neighboring countries along with Asiatic mouflon gave a deeper insight into the evolutionary history and origin of Iranian sheep with important implications for future breed management. 相似文献
11.
Kelly Rosana Rueda‐Hernández Alegría Saldarriaga Cardona Gloria Ester Cadavid‐Restrepo Clara Ines Saldamando Benjumea Gloria Patricia Cañas Gutierrez Rafael Eduardo Arango Isaza 《Journal of Phytopathology》2013,161(4):246-253
Blackberry anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is an important disease of cultivated blackberry in the world. In Colombia, it is the number one limiting factor for commercial production. This study was conducted to determine the species of Colletotrichum infecting blackberry plants as well as the organ distribution, pathogenicity and response to benomyl of the isolated strains. Sixty isolates from stems (n = 20), thorns (n = 20) and inflorescences (n = 20) were identified as Colletotrichum acutatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by a species‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Both Colletotrichum species were found in the same plant but on different organs. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species predominated in thorn lesions (n = 16) and C. acutatum in stems (n = 15) and inflorescence (n = 15). Pathogenicity assays on detached blackberry organs demonstrated differences between the two species with an average period of lesion development of 8.7 days for C. gloeosporioides and 10.3 days for C. acutatum. Wound inoculated organs had 90% disease development compared to 17.5% in non‐wounded. All C. acutatum isolates (n = 34) were benomyl tolerant, whereas C. gloeosporioides isolates (n = 26) were 30.7% sensitive and 69.2% moderately tolerant. Phylogenetic analysis with ITS sequences of a subset of 18 strains showed that strains classified as C. gloeosporioides had 100% identity to Colletotrichum kahawae, which belongs to the C. gloeosporioides species complex, whereas C. acutatum strains clustered into two different groups, with high similarity to the A2 and the A4 molecular groups. These data demonstrate for the first time the differential distribution of both species complexes in blackberry plant organs and further clarifies the taxonomy of the strains. 相似文献
12.
Mario Melletti M. M. Delgado Vincenzo Penteriani Marzia Mirabile Luigi Boitani 《Journal of Ethology》2010,28(3):421-428
Many animals aggregate into organized temporary or stable groups under the influence of biotic and abiotic factors, and some
studies have shown the influence of habitat features on animal aggregation. This study, conducted from 2002 to 2004 in the
Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Central African Republic, studied a herd of forest buffaloes (Syncerus caffer nanus) to determine whether spatial aggregation patterns varied by season and habitat. Our results show that both habitat structure
and season influenced spatial aggregation patterns. In particular, in open habitats such as clearings, the group covered a
larger area when resting and was more rounded in shape compared to group properties noted in forest during the wet season.
Moreover, forest buffaloes had a more aggregated spatial distribution when resting in clearings than when in the forest, and
individual positions within the herd in the clearing habitat varied with age and sex. In the clearings, the adult male (n = 24) was generally, on most occasions, located in the centre of the herd (n = 20), and he was observed at the border only four times. In contrast, females (n = 80) occupied intermediate (n = 57), peripheral (n = 14) and central positions (n = 9) within the group. Juveniles (n = 77) also occurred in intermediate (n = 64) and peripheral positions (n = 13). Based on these results, we concluded that habitat characteristics and social behaviour can have relevant effects on
the spatial distribution of animals within a group. 相似文献
13.
Eleni G. Iliopoulou Panteleimon Kountourakis Michalis V. Karamouzis Dimitrios Doufexis Alexandros Ardavanis Constantin N. Baxevanis Gerasimos Rigatos Michael Papamichail Sonia A. Perez 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2010,59(12):1781-1789
HLA-mismatched natural killer (NK) cells have shown efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia, and their adoptive transfer in patients
with other malignancies has been proven safe. This phase I clinical trial was designed to evaluate safety (primary endpoint)
and possible clinical efficacy (secondary endpoint) of repetitive administrations of allogeneic, in vitro activated and expanded
NK cells along with chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with unresectable,
locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC receiving 1st/2nd line chemotherapy were eligible to receive 2–4 doses of activated NK cells
from two relative donors. Donor’s CD56+ cells were cultured for 20–23 days with interleukin-15 (IL-15) and hydrocortisone (HC) and administered intravenously between
chemotherapy cycles. Premedication with corticosteroids and/or H1 inhibitors was allowed. Sixteen patients (performance status
0–1) with adenocarcinoma (n = 13) or squamous cell carcinoma (n = 3) at stage IIIb (n = 5) or IV (n = 11) receiving 1st (n = 13) or 2nd (n = 3) line treatment were enrolled. Fifteen patients received 2–4 doses of allogeneic activated NK cells (0.2–29 × 106/kg/dose, median 4.15 × 106/kg/dose). No side effects (local or systemic) were observed. At a median 22-month follow-up (range, 16.5–26 months) 2 patients
with partial response and 6 patients with disease stabilization were recorded. Median progression free survival and overall
survival were 5.5 and 15 months, respectively. A 56% 1-year survival and a 19% 2-year survival were recorded. In conclusion,
repetitive infusions of allogeneic, in vitro activated and expanded with IL-15/HC NK cells, in combination with chemotherapy
are safe and potentially clinically effective. 相似文献
14.
Z. Gizejewski B. Szafranska Z. Steplewski G. Panasiewicz A. Ciereszko H. Koprowski 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2008,54(3):469-477
To define the quantitative and qualitative effects of gossypol (GP) on deer (Cervus elaphus) semen, the animals were fed cottonseed (CS). Adult stags each received 350 g of CS for 109 days. Animals received 15 mg
of gossypol per kilogram body weight per day. Quantitative and qualitative parameters of experimental ejaculates (n = 182) were compared to ejaculates (n = 571) of control animals (n = 5) collected during three previous natural reproductive seasons. Ejaculate fractions were evaluated by classical methods
used in domestic animals. In this paper, we show that mature male deer fed CS exhibited morphological changes and decreased
motility of spermatozoa and abnormalities in spermatogenesis. Radioimmunoassay measured concentrations of various steroid
hormones (T-testosterone, A4-androstenedione, and E2-estradiol 17β) in separated ejaculate fractions of the CS group were compared to a control group of stags. Generally, mean
steroid concentrations in CS-treated deer decreased during the entire sampling period in examined ejaculate fractions. These
changes resulted in decreased semen quality with no detectable side effects in the animals. It seems that gossypol fed to
the deer in the form of CS serves as an efficient male contraceptive. 相似文献
15.
Omar Tanweer Eleni Metaxa Nicholas Liaw Daniel S. Sternberg Adnan H. Siddiqui John Kolega Hui Meng 《Journal of Biorheology》2010,24(2):77-83
Outward arterial remodeling is a physiological response to accommodate chronically elevated blood flow and requires endothelial
cells (ECs) and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). ECs may sense elevated flow via stretch-activated
ion channels (SACs). We evaluated the role of SACs in regulation of flow-induced arterial expansion and eNOS expression by
ECs. A high-flow environment was created in the common carotid arteries (CCAs) of mice via contralateral common carotid artery
(CCA) ligation. Either streptomycin for SAC blockade or saline for placebo was delivered to the mice. CCAs were harvested
for morphometric analysis 7 days post procedure. Cultured ECs were exposed to flow with wall shear stresses (WSSs) of 1.5–10 Pa
for 24 h in presence or absence of streptomycin. Immunofluorescent staining was used for eNOS quantification. In vivo, CCA
expansion in streptomycin-treated mice (n = 7) was significantly less than in the placebo-treated group (n = 8) (p = 0.015). In vitro, streptomycin exposure significantly inhibited eNOS expression at WSS >2.5 Pa (p = 0.001) while not affecting eNOS expression at baseline WSS (1.5–2.5 Pa). Blockade of SACs with streptomycin impairs outward
arterial remodeling and eNOS expression at high WSSs. Activation of SACs under elevated WSS may contribute to vessel expansion
by upregulating eNOS in ECs. 相似文献
16.
Irene L. M. Reijers Elisa A. Rozeman Sofie Wilgenhof Johannes V. van Thienen John B. A. G. Haanen Christian U. Blank 《Pigment cell & melanoma research》2020,33(3):498-506
BRAF + MEK inhibition is preferentially applied as first‐line therapy in BRAF V600‐mutated melanoma patients with unfavourable prognostic features, due to the ability of targeted therapy (TT) to induce rapid symptom control, decrease tumour burden and normalize lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. In addition, short‐term TT transiently increases tumour antigen presentation and tumour influx of T cells. Therefore, it might be favourable to switch TT to checkpoint inhibition (CPI) before progression (PD). We retrospectively analysed melanoma patients treated first line with TT (TT1) and who subsequently switched to CPI during response to TT (sDR group) or at progression upon TT (sPD group). We identified 74 patients (n = 37 sDR group and n = 37 sPD group). ORR to CPI was 27.0% in the sDR group versus 24.3% in the sPD group (p = .790). Median was PFS 2.5 months versus 1.2 months (p = .145), and median OS was 30.6 versus 14.1 months (p = .007). After adjusting for baseline differences and known prognostic factors, hazard ratios (HRs) favouring sDR were 0.89 for PFS upon CPI (p = .956) and 0.48 for OS (p = .055). Thus, patients switching to CPI during ongoing clinical benefit from TT do not have an inferior outcome. Due to baseline imbalances and small patient population, a favourable trend for the sDR group can be hypothesized only. 相似文献
17.
The development of pulmonary vein stenosis has recently been described after radiofrequency ablation (RF) to treat atrial
fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to examine expression of TGFβ1 in pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency
ablation in chronic atrial fibrillation of dogs. About 28 mongrel dogs were randomly assigned to the sham-operated group (n = 7), the AF group (n = 7), AF + RF group (n = 7), and RF group (n = 7). In AF or AF + RF groups, dogs underwent chronic pulmonary vein (PV) pacing to induce sustained AF. RF application was
applied around the PVs until electrical activity was eliminated. Histological assessment of pulmonary veins was performed
using hematoxylin and eosin staining; TGFβ1 gene expression in pulmonary veins was examined by RT-PCR analysis; expression
of TGFβ1 protein in pulmonary veins was assessed by Western blot analysis. Rapid pacing from the left superior pulmonary vein
(LSPV) induced sustained AF in AF group and AF + RF group. Pulmonary vein ablation terminated the chronic atrial fibrillation
in dogs. Histological examination revealed necrotic tissues in various stages of collagen replacement, intimal thickening,
and cartilaginous metaplasia with chondroblasts and chondroclasts. Compared with sham-operated and AF group, TGFβ1 gene and
protein expressions was increased in AF + RF or RF groups. It was concluded that TGFβ1 might be associated with pulmonary
vein stenosis after radiofrequency ablation in chronic atrial fibrillation of dogs.
Shufeng Li and Hongli Li contributed equally to the work. 相似文献
18.
Yoga Ameliorates Performance Anxiety and Mood Disturbance in Young Professional Musicians 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sat Bir S. Khalsa Stephanie M. Shorter Stephen Cope Grace Wyshak Elyse Sklar 《Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback》2009,34(4):279-289
Yoga and meditation can alleviate stress, anxiety, mood disturbance, and musculoskeletal problems, and can enhance cognitive
and physical performance. Professional musicians experience high levels of stress, performance anxiety, and debilitating performance-related
musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs). The goal of this controlled study was to evaluate the benefits of yoga and meditation for
musicians. Young adult professional musicians who volunteered to participate in a 2-month program of yoga and meditation were
randomized to a yoga lifestyle intervention group (n = 15) or to a group practicing yoga and meditation only (n = 15). Additional musicians were recruited to a no-practice control group (n = 15). Both yoga groups attended three Kripalu Yoga or meditation classes each week. The yoga lifestyle group also experienced
weekly group practice and discussion sessions as part of their more immersive treatment. All participants completed baseline
and end-program self-report questionnaires that evaluated music performance anxiety, mood, PRMDs, perceived stress, and sleep
quality; many participants later completed a 1-year followup assessment using the same questionnaires. Both yoga groups showed
a trend towards less music performance anxiety and significantly less general anxiety/tension, depression, and anger at end-program
relative to controls, but showed no changes in PRMDs, stress, or sleep. Similar results in the two yoga groups, despite psychosocial
differences in their interventions, suggest that the yoga and meditation techniques themselves may have mediated the improvements.
Our results suggest that yoga and meditation techniques can reduce performance anxiety and mood disturbance in young professional
musicians. 相似文献
19.
The effects of long-term low intensity aerobic training and detraining on serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in elderly men and women 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mitsugi Motoyama Yoshiyuki Sunami Fujihisa Kinoshita Takashi Irie Jun Sasaki Kikuo Arakawa Akira Kiyonaga Hiroaki Tanaka Munehiro Shindo 《European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology》1995,70(2):126-131
The effects of long-term low intensity aerobic training and detraining on serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were examined in 30 elderly men and women. These subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The training group [n=15; 7 men and 8 women; mean age 75.5 (SD 5.6) years] agreed to take part in physical training using a treadmill with an exercise intensity at the blood lactate concentration threshold for 30 min 3–6 times a week for 9 months. The other group [n=15; 7 men and 8 women; mean age 73.7 (SD 4.4) years] did not perform any particular physical training and was followed as the control. Following this training period the high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) had increased significantly (P<0.01) while the total cholesterol (TC) : HDL-C ratio had decreased significantly (P<0.01) in the training group after 9 months but had not changed in the control group. The TC, triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) had not changed significantly in either group. No significant difference was seen between the groups throughout the period for TC, LDLC or TG. There was, however, a significant correlation between the initial TC:HDL-C ratio and the change in the TC:HDL-C ratio following 3 months of training (P <0.05). After 1 month of detraining in 5 patients, the HDL-C had decreased significantly (P < 0.05) while the TC:HDL-C had increased significantly in the training group (P<0.01). These results suggested that long-term low intensity aerobic training improved the profile of serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, while detraining returned the profile to that of the pretraining levels in elderly persons. 相似文献
20.
Emergence,propagation or disappearance of novel behavioral patterns in the habituated chimpanzees of Mahale: a review 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Toshisada Nishida Takahisa Matsusaka William C. McGrew 《Primates; journal of primatology》2009,50(1):23-36
Each local population of chimpanzees shows cultural variation, but little is known about how behavioral variations first emerge,
and how often variants spread to other individuals and then become fixed as a local culture in chimpanzee society. Although
field studies of chimpanzees are still too short to answer these questions definitively, it may stimulate further study in
various sites to summarize the developments observed over the past 40 years at Mahale, Tanzania. Innovative patterns were
operationally defined as new behavioral patterns performed by M group chimpanzees from 1981 onwards. Innovations included
patterns of feeding (n = 8), human-directed behavior (n = 3), hygiene behavior (n = 4), maternal carrying of infants (n = 2), courtship (n = 2), play (n = 6), intimidation displays (n = 3), and quasi-grooming (n = 4). Although most patterns were repeated later by other individuals, six patterns were never seen performed by another
individual, and eight patterns were performed by one or a few individuals but social transmission was unlikely. Thus, innovation
was not rare, but emergence of fashion or establishment of traditions seems to occur rarely in chimpanzee society. 相似文献