美国杂交杏李花果期节肢动物的生态位分析

美国杏李园害虫中绣线菊蚜与山楂叶螨的生态位宽度较宽,占据空间较大,为害虫优势种群,在空间维度上害虫之间存在较大竞争;大草蛉在各期的生态位宽度最大,说明大草蛉是重要的优势天敌,且天敌与主要害虫在空间上相遇机率较大;天敌之间生态位重叠指数较高,表明主要天敌之间存在明显的相互竞争关系;美国杏李园天敌对主要害虫在时间维度上有较强的追随效应和控制作用.主要天敌的数量与主要害虫绣线菊蚜种群数量追随关联度顺序为草蛉类>龟纹瓢虫>蜘蛛类>异色瓢虫>其它瓢虫类>食蚜蝇类>七星瓢虫>多异瓢虫.草蛉类和龟纹瓢虫与绣线菊蚜的模糊贴近度最高,说明这两种天敌与绣线菊蚜的同域效应高,对绣线菊蚜有较强的追随作用,抑制着绣线菊蚜种群数量的增长.     

"518"油桃主要害虫与其捕食性天敌的关系

为了科学施药,合理保护和利用天敌进行油桃园害虫的综合防治,用t检验法比较 “518”油桃季节间和年度间害虫及其天敌的种群差异,结果表明两年春-夏季之间小绿叶蝉、桃蚜、山楂叶螨和李肖叶甲4种害虫的t值分别为0.8049、1.1449、0.0700和0.9895,t值均小于t0.05（2.26）,差异均不显著;异色瓢虫、龟纹瓢虫、粽管巢蛛、八斑球腹蛛、三突花蟹蛛、草间小黑蛛、中华草蛉和黑带食蚜蝇8种天敌的t值分别为1.7014、0.9098、1.4304、0.6239、0.1545、0.0544、1.5579和0.8249,t值均小于t0.05（2.26）,差异均不显著。2009年春-夏与2009年秋季之间,桃蚜的t值为38.8150,粽管巢蛛的t值为9.1706,t>t0.01（3.355）,差异均极显著,异色瓢虫、三突花蟹蛛、黑带食蚜蝇的t值分别为2.3332,3.1497和2.4712,t>t0.05（2.306）,差异显著;2010年春-夏与2009年秋季之间,粽管巢蛛t值为7.0763,t>t0.01（3.355）,差异极显著,其余差异均不显著。采用灰色系统分析方法、生态位分析方法,对2009年及2010年春-夏季油桃园桃蚜、小绿叶蝉、山楂叶螨和李肖叶甲与其捕食性天敌在数量、时间和空间格局等方面关系进行分析,对每一种天敌对应 的关联度、生态位重叠指数和相似性比例等参数标准化后相加,按照参数标准化值之和大小排序得出,2009年春-夏季小绿叶蝉前三位的主要天敌是异色瓢虫、八斑球腹蛛和龟纹瓢虫;桃蚜的主要天敌是中华草蛉、粽管巢蛛和异色瓢虫;山楂叶螨的主要天敌是草间小黑蛛、三突花蟹蛛和龟纹瓢虫;李肖叶甲的主要天敌是草间小黑蛛、八斑球腹蛛和龟纹瓢虫。2010年春-夏季小绿叶蝉的主要天敌是龟纹瓢虫、八斑球腹蛛和草间小黑蛛;桃蚜的主要天敌是中华草蛉、黑带食蚜蝇和粽管巢蛛;山楂叶螨的主要天敌是八斑球腹蛛、草间小黑蛛和龟纹瓢虫;李肖叶甲的主要天敌是草间小黑蛛、八斑球腹蛛和异色瓢虫。2009年秋季小绿叶蝉的主要天敌是龟纹瓢虫、草间小黑蛛和异色瓢虫;桃蚜的主要天敌是八斑球腹蛛、异色瓢虫和粽管巢蛛;山楂叶螨的主要天敌是三突花蟹蛛、龟纹瓢虫和八斑球腹蛛;李肖叶甲的主要天敌是草间小黑蛛、八斑球腹蛛和三突花蟹蛛。4种害虫种群聚集均数λ均大于2,其聚集是害虫本身原因造成的,2009年5月5日的天敌异色瓢虫、中华草蛉和6月18日的天敌草间小黑蛛 值均大于2,聚集是由于天敌本身原因所致。三个时间段其余天敌的 值均小于2,表明其聚集时由环境中某一因子影响所致。     

七星瓢虫幼虫对两种麦蚜的功能反应

七星瓢虫各龄幼虫对麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜的捕食作用均属Holling Ⅱ型反应;其喜食性及发育历期无明显差异;因而两种麦蚜都可互为它的替代猎物而不影响其正常发育。并提出采用α′曲面、T_k曲面以及α′/T_k来衡量天敌对害虫的控制作用;在田间应以3、4龄七星瓢虫幼虫和成虫为主要应用对象;应保留一定蚜量以满足瓢虫发育。     

朱砂叶螨优势种天敌昆虫的评价

对绣球花Hydrangea macrophylla、茄子Solanum melongena和玉米Zea mays 3种植物上朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus天敌昆虫种类及发生数量进行调查,并采用优势度指数评价其优势种,结果表明,3种寄主植物上天敌的种类及其优势种有所不同,绣球花上有深点食螨瓢虫Stethorus punctillum、塔六点蓟马Scolothrips takahashii、食螨瘿蚊Acaroletes sp.和食螨隐翅虫Oligota sp.4种天敌,塔六点蓟马和深点食螨瓢虫为优势种;茄子上有塔六点蓟马、微小花蝽Orius minutus、食螨瘿蚊和深点食螨瓢虫4种天敌昆虫,塔六点蓟马为优势种;玉米上有深点食螨瓢虫、塔六点蓟马和食螨瘿蚊3种天敌昆虫,深点食螨瓢虫为优势种.通过测定各种天敌成虫和幼虫对朱砂叶螨成螨、若螨、幼螨和卵的日捕食量,并引入相对差距和法评价优势种天敌昆虫,结果表明,深点食螨瓢虫和微小花蝽是朱砂叶螨的优势种天敌.     

小麦互益素对麦长管蚜及其天敌的影响

研究了在田间使用小麦互益素--水杨酸甲酯和6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮对麦长管蚜及其主要天敌--异色瓢虫和燕麦蚜茧蜂的影响.结果表明,小麦互益素虽然没有明显改变麦长管蚜的田间种群变动趋势,但显著降低了麦长管蚜的种群数量.使用小麦互益素能够恶化麦长管蚜的生存环境,使有翅蚜数量明显增加.尽管小麦互益素使天敌物种丰富度有所下降,天敌群落多样性和均匀度指数下降,但燕麦蚜茧蜂、异色瓢虫等优势天敌的种群数量不仅没有减少反而有所增加.因此,田间使用小麦互益素对控制麦长管蚜的危害具有重要作用.     

新疆麦蚜主要天敌的生态位

利用生态位理论,对新疆塔城、伊犁两地区麦田麦蚜主要天敌类群瓢虫类、食蚜蝇类、斑腹蝇类、蚜茧蜂类和蚜小蜂类的生态位宽度和重叠度进行了计算和分析。瓢虫类在塔城和伊犁小麦田的时间生态位宽度均较长。塔城食蚜蝇类和瓢虫类的时间生态位重叠度最大。伊犁麦田食蚜蝇类空间生态位最宽,瓢虫类时-空生态位宽度最大,斑腹蝇类和瓢虫类时间生态位的重叠度最大,蚜小蜂和斑腹蝇空间生态位以及时-空生态位的重叠度最大。对伊犁大麦田和燕麦田蚜虫的天敌生态位也进行了计算分析。     

自然天敌对苗蚜和伏蚜控制作用的定量分析

【目的】为了合理利用自然天敌,定量评价棉田自然天敌对苗蚜和伏蚜的控制作用。【方法】采用接虫罩笼法结合系统调查。【结果】发现苗蚜的主要自然天敌是龟纹瓢虫Propylaea japonica Thunberg和异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis Pallas,大部分时间能够有效的控制苗蚜种群在防治指标以下,控害指数高达91%;伏蚜主要自然天敌是蜘蛛、草蛉和龟纹瓢虫,由于其种群数量太少,益害比低,对伏蚜控害指数始终低于20%,无法有效的控制伏蚜种群。【结论】结果提示,应根据苗蚜和伏蚜自然天敌控制作用不同,制定合理的保护利用自然天敌的策略。     

不同年份油桃园三种主要害虫与其天敌的关系

为了科学施药,合理保护和利用自然天敌进行油桃害虫的综合防治,用灰色系统分析方法、生态位分析方法和空间格局聚集强度指数分析方法,对2008年及2009年春-夏季油桃园桃蚜、小绿叶蝉和山楂叶螨与其主要捕食性天敌在数量、时间和空间格局等方面关系进行分析,两年春-夏季综合排序的结果是,桃蚜主要捕食性天敌依次是黑带食蚜蝇、异色瓢虫、三突花蟹蛛;小绿叶蝉主要捕食性天敌依次为三突花蟹蛛、锥腹肖蛸和草间小黑蛛;山楂叶螨主要捕食性天敌依次为草间小黑蛛、八斑球腹蛛和三突花蟹蛛。2008年秋季桃蚜的主要天敌依次是八斑球腹蛛、中华草蛉和锥腹肖蛸;小绿叶蝉的主要天敌依次是草间小黑蛛、锥腹肖蛸和黑带食蚜蝇;山楂叶螨的主要天敌依次为八斑球腹蛛、异色瓢虫和中华草蛉。两年春-夏季之间3种害虫及天敌数量差异均不显著。     

棉田十一星瓢虫种群动态及空间分布

通过田间系统调查,对棉田十一星瓢虫CoccinellaundecimpanctataL.种群动态及空间分布方面进行研究,探明捕食性天敌十一星瓢虫各虫态在南疆棉区的种群消长趋势,分析表明该虫4种虫态在棉田中均为聚集分布,成虫、幼虫和蛹的聚集原因主要是由棉蚜密度等引起,而其卵的聚集主要是由于其习性及环境因素引起。     

鲁西南地区苹果绵蚜(Eriosoma lanigerum)及其天敌种群动态与群落结构特征

通过田间蚜块计数、黄色粘虫板诱集、室内镜检等方法统计苹果绵蚜Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann)及其寄生性天敌日光蜂Aphelinus mali Haldeman种群数量,分析比较了它们的消长动态.利用群落结构特征指数研究比较了不同时期苹果绵蚜及其天敌群落多样性.连续2a调查发现,苹果绵蚜种群在鲁西南地区全年发生两个高峰,其中5月中、下旬～7月上旬为第一高峰期,8月下旬～10月中旬为第二高峰期.有翅蚜发生在4月上旬～6月上旬和9月上旬～10月上旬.不同时期,苹果绵蚜在苹果树体不同部位的种群数量存在差异,上半年,苹果绵蚜在根、树干及主枝部位分布密集,发生危害较重;7月中、下旬之后,苹果绵蚜在根及树干部位基本不再发生或发生较轻,而在枝干部位,包括主枝、侧枝和新梢,发生危害较重.7月份之前,日光蜂滞后于苹果绵蚜的发生高峰,其控制作用不很明显,7月份以后日光蜂跟随现象才比较明显,与苹果绵蚜的第二个发生高峰前期基本吻合,可以很好地控制苹果绵蚜的危害.鲁西南地区苹果绵蚜及其天敌群落多样性低,群落稳定性差,发现天敌23种,捕食性天敌亚群落中七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus、二星瓢虫Adalia bipunctata (Linnaeus)和叶色草蛉Chrysopa phyllochroma Waesmael等为优势种,特别是4、5月份,七星瓢虫和叶色草蛉可以很好地弥补因日光蜂跟随滞后而对苹果绵蚜控制作用的影响.这为保护利用自然天敌、可持续控制苹果绵蚜危害奠定了理论基础.     

Social structure and the defensive role of soldiers in a eusocial bamboo aphid,Pseudoregma bambucicola (Homoptera: Aphididae): A test of the defence-optimization hypothesis

A complete understanding of the evolution of sociality in aphids requires a detailed knowledge of the patterns of soldier investment in their ecology. The eusocial bamboo aphidPseudoregma bambucicola has a morphologically specialized first-instar soldier caste. The proportion of soldiers was positively correlated with colony size. Within a colony, soldiers were evenly distributed among subcolonies; within each subcolony, however, their distribution was biased toward peripheries which were exposed to many predators. Field experiments introducing natural enemies such asEupeodes confrater (Diptera: Syrphidae) andSynonycha grandis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) revealed that the survival rate of these predators was negatively correlated with the density of soldiers, suggesting that soldiers can more or less defend their colonies by killing or removing a range of natural enemies. Observations suggest that large mature colonies attract more predators than newly established small colonies and that, within a colony, the predators attack each subcolony regardless of its position on bamboo shoots. This implies the presence of a positive correlation between colony size and predation risk. Thus, the investment in soldiers seems to reflect the attacking pattern of predators within a colony. These results agree with the defence-optimization hypothesis in soldier investment ofP. bambucicola colonies.     

Multitrophic interactions involving genetically modified potatoes, nontarget aphids, natural enemies and hyperparasitoids

Genetically modified (GM) potatoes expressing a cysteine proteinase inhibitor (cystatin) have been developed as an option for the management of plant parasitic nematodes. The relative impact of such plants on predators and parasitoids (natural enemies) of nontarget insects was determined in a field trial. The trial consisted of GM plants, control plants grown in soil treated with a nematicide and untreated control plants. The quantity of nontarget aphids and their quality as hosts for natural enemies were studied. Aphid density was significantly reduced by nematicide treatment and few natural enemies were recorded from treated potatoes during the study. In contrast, similar numbers of aphids and their more abundant predators were recorded from the untreated control and the GM potatoes. The size of aphids on GM and control plants was recorded twice during the study. During the first sampling period (2-9 July) aphids clip-caged on GM plants were smaller than those on control plants. During the second sampling period (23-30 July) there was no difference in aphid size between those from the GM and control plants. Host size is an important component of host quality. It can affect the size and fecundity of parasitoid females and the sex ratio of their offspring. However, neither the fitness of females of Aphidius ervi, the most prevalent primary parasitoid, nor the sex ratio of their progeny, were affected when the parasitoids developed on aphids feeding on GM plants. Two guilds of secondary parasitoid were also recorded during the study. The fitness of the most abundant species, Aspahes vulgaris, was not affected when it developed on hosts from GM plants. The transgene product, OC I Delta D86, was not detected in aphids that had fed on GM plants in the field, suggesting that there is minimal secondary exposure of natural enemies to the inhibitor. The results indicate that transgenic nematode resistance is potentially more compatible with aphid biological control than is current nematicide use.     

Temporal variability of aphid biological control in contrasting landscape contexts

Landscape complexity may provide ecosystem services to agriculture through the provision of natural enemies of agricultural pests. Strong positive effect of adjacent semi-natural habitats on natural enemies in croplands has been evidenced, but the resulting impact on biological control remains unclear. Taking into account the temporal dynamics of pest and natural enemies in agricultural landscapes provides better resolution to the studies and better understanding of the biological control service.In this study, the population dynamics of aphids and two groups of predators (coccinellid and carabid beetles) were examined. Insects were sampled in 20 wheat fields, surrounded by structurally simple and complex landscapes in Chilean central valley. Considering the whole sampling period, the diversity of aphids and natural enemies were similar in wheat crops surrounded by both types of landscapes, and the abundance of ladybirds was higher in crops in the complex landscapes. The dynamics of predators was more advanced in complex landscapes than in the simple ones, whereas the dynamics of aphids were similar in both types of landscape. Negative correlation between abundance of predators and aphid population growth rate in both landscape contexts were observed suggesting a control of the pest population by the predators. Different temporal patterns were observed in these correlations in the two landscape contexts, which suggests differences in the biological control related to the landscape composition.The present study shows that colonization of crops by natural enemies occurs sooner in structurally complex landscapes and suggests that this early colonization may facilitate an early and efficient control of aphid populations, nevertheless the biological control efficiency seems to be higher in structurally simple landscapes later in the season.     

播期对大豆蚜及其天敌种群动态的影响

【目的】研究大豆播期对大豆蚜Aphis glycines Matsumura及其天敌的影响。【方法】试验在2012年、2013年进行,设置了3个大豆播期处理。每周调查播期处理田大豆蚜种群及天敌种类和数量,分析大豆蚜种群数量、种群增长率的时序动态、大豆蚜和天敌的关联度。【结果】不同播期条件下大豆蚜有翅蚜及无翅蚜的种群动态趋势基本一致,有翅蚜蚜量高峰期要早于无翅蚜1周。处理间的大豆蚜田间始见期与终见期随着播期推后而延迟,大豆蚜在田间扩散和消退的时期也随着大豆播期延后。晚播的两个处理高峰期蚜量多于或等于正常播期处理的蚜量。大豆蚜与天敌关联度随着播期的推后而变高。在调查的7种天敌中大豆蚜与异色瓢虫的关联度最高,草蛉、小花蝽和蚜茧蜂也表现较高的关联度。【结论】播期会显著影响大豆蚜的田间始见期和终见期,随着播期的推迟大豆蚜种群高峰期蚜量以及大豆蚜与天敌的关联度都会提高。     

Biological control of aphids in the presence of thrips and their enemies

Generalist predators are often used in biological control programs, although they can be detrimental for pest control through interference with other natural enemies. Here, we assess the effects of generalist natural enemies on the control of two major pest species in sweet pepper: the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). In greenhouses, two commonly used specialist natural enemies of aphids, the parasitoid Aphidius colemani Viereck and the predatory midge Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani), were released together with either Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudemans, a predator of thrips and a hyperpredator of A. aphidimyza, or Orius majusculus (Reuter), a predator of thrips and aphids and intraguild predator of both specialist natural enemies. The combined use of O. majusculus, predatory midges and parasitoids clearly enhanced the suppression of aphids and consequently decreased the number of honeydew-contaminated fruits. Although intraguild predation by O. majusculus on predatory midges and parasitoids will have affected control of aphids negatively, this was apparently offset by the consumption of aphids by O. majusculus. In contrast, the hyperpredator N. cucumeris does not prey upon aphids, but seemed to release aphids from control by consuming eggs of the midge. Both N. cucumeris and O. majusculus did not affect rates of aphid parasitism by A. colemani. Thrips were also controlled effectively by O. majusculus. A laboratory experiment showed that adult predatory bugs feed on thrips as well as aphids and have no clear preference. Thus, the presence of thrips probably promoted the establishment of the predatory bugs and thereby the control of aphids. Our study shows that intraguild predation, which is potentially negative for biological control, may be more than compensated by positive effects of generalist predators, such as the control of multiple pests, and the establishment of natural enemies prior to pest invasions. Future work on biological control should focus on the impact of species interactions in communities of herbivorous arthropods and their enemies.     

2008年汶川地震后拐棍竹无性系种群的更新状况及影响因子

为揭示2008年汶川地震后大熊猫主食竹拐棍竹无性系种群的天然更新状况及影响因子,研究了3种不同地震干扰强度(强度、中度和对照)生境中拐棍竹的生长和发笋状况.结果表明:在3种生境中,拐棍竹存活笋的基径为中度干扰和对照生境显著大于强度干扰生境,存活笋的高度为对照＞中度干扰＞强度干扰.其发笋密度在3种生境中无显著差异,但强度和中度干扰生境中的存活笋密度显著大于对照,并且1年生和2年生竹密度与死亡竹密度之间呈极显著正相关.拐棍竹的发笋密度、存活笋密度、1年生、2年生和多年生竹密度之间均呈显著正相关,1年生和2年生竹密度与砾石和滑坡土壤盖度呈显著负相关,存活笋密度与郁闭度之间呈显著负相关.     

作物多样性对大豆蚜的控蚜效应

【目的】研究大豆蚜发生为害及大豆与多种作物间邻作种植对大豆蚜的控制作用,为大豆蚜的可持续综合治理提供理论依据。【方法】采用系统调查的方法,研究大豆蚜和天敌田间种群动态;通过田间罩笼、人工接蚜和释放天敌的方法,研究捕食性天敌对大豆蚜种群的控制作用;在佳木斯地区进行大豆与早熟马铃薯间作,牡丹江地区进行黄瓜-大豆-玉米、甜葫芦-大豆-玉米、烟草-大豆-香瓜、甜菜-大豆-玉米等多作物带状穿插种植模式,以单作大豆田为对照,对不同种植模式的大豆田大豆蚜与天敌进行调查,研究作物多样性对大豆蚜的控制作用。【结果】2009年6月中下旬大豆蚜开始侵入大豆田,3~5周后田间有蚜株率达到100%,大豆蚜种群发生高峰期在7月下旬至8月上旬,9月上旬在田间逐渐消失。草蛉、瓢虫和寄生蜂等为蚜虫天敌优势种;按大豆蚜与天敌数量之比700︰1,释放异色瓢虫和叶色草蛉成虫7 d后,蚜虫种群减退率分别为54.78%和78.79%;大豆与早熟马铃薯间作,在大豆蚜种群迅速增长期早熟马铃薯收获(7月20日)后第5天,豆田蚜虫天敌总数是收获前的2.6倍,与同期单作大豆田相比,间作田大豆蚜种群数量降低了51.3%。大豆与甜葫芦、香瓜、烟草和玉米等作物进行多样性间作种植,在大豆蚜田间发生高峰期,单作豆田益害比为1︰65.2,多样性种植区的大豆田益害比为1︰26~1︰42,与单作大豆田相比,间作田大豆蚜种群数量降低40.7%~83.5%。【结论】2009年大豆蚜的种群高峰期为8月3日,田间的天敌优势种类为草蛉、瓢虫和寄生蜂。早熟马铃薯与大豆间作,在大豆蚜种群迅速增长期间收获早熟马铃薯,大量蚜虫天敌转移至间作的大豆田,从而形成对大豆蚜的控制。大豆与其它经济作物间邻作,大豆田天敌昆虫与蚜虫的益害比明显提高,表明利用农田作物多样性能充分发挥自然天敌的生物控害作用。     

Entomopathogenic fungi stimulate transgenerational wing induction in pea aphids,Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

1. Aphid natural enemies include not only predators and parasitoids but also pathogens, of which fungi are the most studied for biological control. While wing formation in aphids is induced by abiotic conditions, it is also affected by biotic interactions with their arthropod natural enemies. Wing induction via interactions with arthropod natural enemies is mediated by the increase in their physical contact when alarmed (pseudo‐crowding). Pathogenic fungi do not trigger this alarm behaviour in aphids and, therefore, no pseudo‐crowding occurs. 2. We hypothesise that, while pathogenic fungi will stimulate maternally induced wing formation, the mechanism is different and is influenced by pathogen specificity. We tested this hypothesis using two entomopathogenic fungi, Pandora neoaphidis and Beauveria bassiana, an aphid specialist and a generalist respectively, on the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris. 3. We first demonstrate that pea aphids infected with either pathogen and maintained in groups on broad bean plants produced a higher proportion of winged morphs than uninfected control aphids. We then show that, when maintained in isolation, aphids infected with either pathogen also produced higher proportions of winged offspring than control aphids. There was no difference between P. neoaphidis and B. bassiana in their effects on wing induction in either experiment. 4. Unlike the effect of predators and parasitoids on pea aphid wing induction, the effect of pathogens is independent of physical contact with other aphids, suggesting that physiological cues induce wing formation in infected aphids. It is possible that aphids benefit from wing induction by escaping infected patches whilst pathogens may benefit through dispersion. Possible mechanisms of wing induction are discussed.     

The role of natural enemy guilds in Aphis glycines suppression

Generalist natural enemy guilds are increasingly recognized as important sources of mortality for invasive agricultural pests. However, the net contribution of different species to pest suppression is conditioned by their biology and interspecific interactions. The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is widely attacked by generalist predators, but the relative impacts of different natural enemy guilds remains poorly understood. Moreover, low levels of A. glycines parasitism suggest that resident parasitoids may be limited through intraguild predation. During 2004 and 2005, we conducted field experiments to test the impact of different guilds of natural enemies on A. glycines. We contrasted aphid abundance on field cages with ambient levels of small predators (primarily Orius insidiosus) and parasitoids (primarily Braconidae), sham cages and open controls exposed to large predators (primarily coccinellids), and cages excluding all natural enemies. We observed strong aphid suppression (86- to 36-fold reduction) in treatments exposed to coccinellids, but only minor reduction due to small predators and parasitoids, with aphids reaching rapidly economic injury levels when coccinellids were excluded. Three species of resident parasitoids were found attacking A. glycines at very low levels (<1% parasitism), with no evidence that intraguild predation by coccinellids attenuated parasitoid impacts. At the plant level, coccinellid impacts resulted in a trophic cascade that restored soybean biomass and yield, whereas small natural enemies provided only minor protection against yield loss. Our results indicate that within the assemblage of A. glycines natural enemies in Michigan, coccinellids are critical to maintain aphids below economic injury levels.