共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
R. A. Komakhin V. V. Komakhina N. A. Milyukova A. A. Zhuchenko 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2012,48(1):23-31
To study and induce meiotic recombination in plants, we generated and analyzed transgenic tomato hybrids F1-RecA and F1-NLS-recA-LicBM3 expressing, respectively, the recA gene of Escherichia coli and the NLS-recA-licBM3 gene. It was found that the recA and NLS-recA-licBM3 genes are inherited through the maternal and paternal lineages, they have no selective influence on the pollen and are contained
in tomato F1-RecA and F1-NLS-RecA-LicBM3 hybrids outside the second chromosome in the hemizygous state. The comparative analysis of the meiotic recombination
frequency (rf) in the progenies of the transgenic and nontransgenic hybrids showed that only the expression of the recA gene of E. coli in cells of the F1-RecA plants produced a 1.2–1.5-fold increase in the frequency of recombination between some linked marker
genes of the second chromosome of tomato. 相似文献
2.
Ales Pecinka Wei Fang Marc Rehmsmeier Avraham A Levy Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid 《BMC biology》2011,9(1):24
Background
Polyploidization is the multiplication of the whole chromosome complement and has occurred frequently in vascular plants. Maintenance of stable polyploid state over generations requires special mechanisms to control pairing and distribution of more than two homologous chromosomes during meiosis. Since a minimal number of crossover events is essential for correct chromosome segregation, we investigated whether polyploidy has an influence on the frequency of meiotic recombination. 相似文献3.
G. Mirzaghaderi G. Karimzadeh H. S. Hassani M. Jalali-Javaran A. Baghizadeh 《Biologia Plantarum》2010,54(2):252-258
The new salt tolerant cereal, Tritipyrum (2n=6x=42, AABBEbEb) offers potential to introduce desirable characters for wheat improvements. This study was aimed to generate a segregating
population from Iranian local wheat cultivars (2n=6x=42, AABBDD) and Tritipyrum crosses, study of the meiotic behaviour in F2 hybrids and identification of Eb chromosomes in F3 individuals. Results showed meiotic abnormalities in F2 plants and different pairing frequency in the meiosis among F2 plants. Genomic in situ hybridization revealed that total and Eb chromosome number of F3 seeds ranged from 39 to 45 and 0 to 10, respectively. A significant prevalence of hyper-aneuploidy was observed among F3 genotypes. C-banding patterns identified Eb chromosomes in Tritipyrum, indicating that it also can be useful to study wheat-Tritipyrum derivatives. 相似文献
4.
Genetic hybridization analysis was conducted with 16 natural Zygowilliopsis strains isolated in different geographical regions and maintained in collections under species names Z. californica, Hansenula dimennae, and Pichia populi. Genetic relatedness was determined on the basis of mating, viability of hybrid progeny, and meiotic recombination of markers.
Four new biological species are recognized in the former monotypic genus Zygowilliopsis. Species Z. californica and Zygowiliopsis sp. 3 probably include divergent geographical populations. It is necessary to reconsider the species composition of the genus
Zygowiliopsis and generic assignment of P. populi yeasts. Genetic and molecular identifications of the Zygowiliopsis species are in perfect agreement. 相似文献
5.
Sachiko Funayama-Noguchi Ko Noguchi Chie Yoshida Masayoshi Kawaguchi 《Journal of plant research》2011,124(1):155-163
Genes of CLE (CLAVATA3/ESR-related) family encode peptide ligands that regulate plant development in response to external stimuli such as rhizobial
infection and the nitrate application as well as various internal stimuli. To investigate whether LjCLE gene(s) may involve in plant response to inorganic phosphate (Pi), we analyzed Pi responses of 39 LjCLE genes in hydroponically grown Lotus japonicus plants (ecotype Miyakojima ‘MG-20’). Two LjCLE genes, LjCLE19 and 20, were up-regulated specifically and greatly in roots of L. japonicus by Pi addition to the hydroponic solution. When the external Pi level increased, expressions of LjCLE19 and 20 increased before the increase in the Pi content in plants. On the other hand, when the external Pi level decreased, the Pi
content in plants decreased first, then expression levels of LjCLE19 and 20 decreased. Based on our results, we discuss the relationship between LjCLE19 and 20 and the tissue Pi levels in plants. This is the first report showing induction of specific CLE genes by phosphate. 相似文献
6.
Guangying Ma Guogui Ning Wei Zhang Jing Zhan Haiyan Lv Manzhu Bao 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2011,29(3):573-581
FBP21 is one of the SOC1-like genes isolated from Petunia hybrida. Based on sequence analysis, FPB21 is suggested to have a role in promoting flowering. In this study, FBP21 was expressed in a tobacco host plant under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter. Our results showed that the transgene accelerated flowering, i.e. the transgenic plants flowered just 3 months
after germination, in comparison to the wild-type tobacco which flowered after 5 months. Plant morphology was also affected,
with the transgenic tobacco plants developing at least five robust lateral branches, while the control plants generally had
just three. Total leaf area was significantly reduced in the transgenic tobacco compared to wild-type tobacco. By contrast,
there was no significant difference between transgenic and control plants for the total number of flowers or fruits. Thus,
the flower or fruit yield expressed per unit leaf area was higher in transgenic tobacco than in wild-type plants. Semi-quantitative
RT-PCR analysis indicated that overexpression of FBP21 in tobacco resulted in the up-regulation of some flowering-related genes. The results of this study in tobacco indicate that
the Petunia FBP21 gene may permit the engineering of early-flowering and short-growth habits without compromising flower or fruit yields. 相似文献
7.
Hiroyoshi Kubo 《Mycoscience》2009,50(5):400-406
Pilobolus crystallinus shows unique photoresponses at various growing stages. cDNAs for putative photoreceptors were cloned from this fungus. Three
genes named pcmada1, pcmada2, and pcmada3 were identified from the PCR fragments, and amplified with degenerated primers for the LOV domain, which is conserved in
many blue-light receptors. Deduced amino acid sequences for PCMADA1, PCMADA2, and PCMADA3 had one light-oxygen-voltage (LOV)-sensing
and two PER-ARNT-SIM (PAS) domains. A zinc finger DNA-binding motif was conserved in the C-terminals of PCMADA1 and PCMADA3.
However, PCMADA2 lacked the zinc finger motif. Expression of pcmada1 was suppressed by blue light whereas that of pcmada3 was promoted by blue-light irradiation. 相似文献
8.
The high prevalence of meiotic recombination—an important element of sexual reproduction—represents one of the greatest puzzles
in biology. The influence of either selection by a co-evolving parasite alone or in combination with genetic drift on recombination
rates was tested in the host-parasite system Tribolium castaneum and Nosema whitei. After eight generations, populations with smaller genetic drift had a lower recombination rate than those with high drift
whereas parasites had no effect. Interestingly, changes in recombination rate at one site of the chromosome negatively correlated
with changes at the adjacent site on the same chromosome indicating an occurrence of crossover interference. The occurrence
of spontaneous or plastic changes in recombination rates could be excluded with a separate experiment. 相似文献
9.
S. V. Malyshev T. V. Dolmatovich A. V. Voylokov S. P. Sosnikhina N. V. Tsvetkova A. V. Lovtsus N. A. Kartel’ 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2009,45(12):1444-1449
Studies of phenotypical expression of synaptic mutations in combination with the localization of corresponding genes on a
genetic map permit individual stages of the meiotic process to be differentiated. Two rye asynaptic genes, sy1 and sy9, were mapped with the use of microsatellite markers (SSR) in the pericentromeric regions of the long chromosome arms 7R and
2R, respectively. The sy9 gene cosegregated with two SSR markers Xscm43 and Xgwm132. The asynaptic gene sy1 was mapped within the interval between the isozyme locus Aat2 and two cosegregating loci Xrems1188 and Xrems1135 that are located at a distance of 0.4 cM proximally and 0.1 cM distally with respect to the gene lous. Possible evolutionary
relationships of the mapped genes with homeological loci of the Triticeae species and more distant cereal species, such as maize and rice, are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn] is a popular cut flower crop throughout the world, and the demand for this plant for cut flowers and potted
plants has been increasing worldwide. Recent advances in genetic engineering have enabled the transformation and regeneration
of plants to become a powerful tool for improvement of lisianthus. We have established a highly efficient plant regeneration
system and Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of E. grandiflorum. The greatest shoot regeneration frequency and number of shoot buds per explant are observed on media supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine
(BAP) and α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). We report an efficient plant regeneration system using leaf explants via organogenesis
with high efficiency of transgenic plants (15%) in culture of 11 weeks’ duration. Further ectopic expression of two MADS box
genes, LMADS1-M from lily (Lilium longiflorum) and OMADS1 from orchid (Oncidium Gower Ramsey), was performed in E. grandiflorum. Conversion of second whorl petals into sepal-like structures and alteration of third whorl stamen formation were observed
in the transgenic E. grandiflorum plants ectopically expressing 35S::LMADS1-M. 35S::OMADS1 transgenic E. grandiflorum plants flowered significantly earlier than non-transgenic plants. This is the first report on the ectopic expression of two
MADS box genes in E. grandiflorum using a simple and highly efficient gene transfer protocol. Our results reveal the potential for floral modification in E. grandiflorum through genetic transformation. 相似文献
11.
As a step toward greater understanding of the genetics of verticillium wilt resistance in plants, we report the sequencing
of a candidate wilt resistance gene, mVe1, from the mint diploid model species, Mentha longifolia (Lamiaceae). mVe1 is a putative homolog of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) verticillium wilt (Ve) resistance genes. The mVe1 gene has a coding region of 3,051 bp. The predicted mVe1 protein contains a leucine-rich repeat domain, a common feature of plant disease resistance proteins. We compared 13 mVe1 alleles from three mint species. These alleles shared 96.2–99.6% nucleotide identity. We analyzed four M. longifolia populations segregating with respect to mVe1 alleles and wilt resistance versus susceptibility and found one association between mVe1 genotype and wilt phenotype. We conclude that mVe1 may play a role in mint verticillium wilt resistance, but variation for resistance in our segregating progenies is likely
polygenic. Therefore, further investigations of mVe1 and identification of additional candidate genes are both warranted. 相似文献
12.
Lai-Sheng Meng Xu-Dong Sun Fei Li Hai-Liang Liu Zhen-Hua Feng Jian Zhu 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2010,32(2):315-324
13.
14.
Falk Zakrzewski Torsten Wenke Daniela Holtgräwe Bernd Weisshaar Thomas Schmidt 《BMC plant biology》2010,10(1):8
Background
Repetitive DNA is a major fraction of eukaryotic genomes and occurs particularly often in plants. Currently, the sequencing of the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) genome is under way and knowledge of repetitive DNA sequences is critical for the genome annotation. We generated a c 0 t-1 library, representing highly to moderately repetitive sequences, for the characterization of the major B. vulgaris repeat families. While highly abundant satellites are well-described, minisatellites are only poorly investigated in plants. Therefore, we focused on the identification and characterization of these tandemly repeated sequences. 相似文献15.
Background
Ferlins are membrane proteins with multiple C2 domains and proposed functions in Ca2+ mediated membrane-membrane interactions in animals. Caenorhabditis elegans has two ferlin genes, one of which is required for sperm function. Mammals have several ferlin genes and mutations in the human dysferlin (DYSF) and otoferlin (OTOF) genes result in muscular dystrophy and hearing loss, respectively. Drosophila melanogaster has a single ferlin gene called misfire (mfr). A previous study showed that a mfr mutation caused male sterility because of defects in fertilization. Here we analyze the expression and structure of the mfr gene and the consequences of multiple mutations to better understand the developmental function of ferlins. 相似文献16.
D. V. Fedorov S. V. Kovaltzova V. T. Peshekhonov V. G. Korolev 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(6):659-665
The yeast genes IXR1 and HMO1 encode proteins belonging to the family of chromatin nonhistone proteins, which are able to recognize and bind to irregular
DNA structures. The full deletion of gene IXR1 leads to an increase in cell resistance to the lethal action of UV light, γ-rays, and MMS, increases spontaneous mutagenesis and significantlly decreases the level of UV-induced mutations. It was earlier
demonstrated in our works that the hmo1 mutation renders cells sensitive to the lethal action of cisplatin and virtually does not affect the sensitivity to UV light.
Characteristically, the rates of spontaneous and UV-induced mutagenesis in the mutant are increased. Epistatic analysis of
the double mutation hmo1 ixr1 demonstrated that the interaction of these genes in relation to the lethal effect of cisplatin and UV light, as well as UV-induced
mutagenesis, is additive. This suggests that the products of genes HMO1 and IXR1 participate in different repair pathways. The ixr1 mutation significantly increases the rate of spontaneous mutagenesis mediated by replication errors, whereas mutation hmo1 increases the rate of repair mutagenesis. In wild-type cells, the level of spontaneous mutagenesis was nearly one order of
magnitude lower than that obtained in cells of the double mutant. Consequently, the combined activity of the Hmo1 and the
Ixr1 proteins provides efficient correction of both repair and replication errors. 相似文献
17.
Xu Ming Yin Pedro S. C. F. Rocha Man Ling Wang Yu Xin Zhu Luo Ye Li Shu Feng Song Xinjie Xia 《Journal of Plant Biology》2011,54(3):180-189
Rice gene Oryza sativa Drought Stress Response-1 (OsDSR-1) was one of the genes identified to be responsive to drought stress in the panicle of rice at booting and heading stages
by both microarray and quantitative real-time PCR analyses. OsDSR-1 encodes a putative calcium-binding protein, and its overexpression in Arabidopsis rendered transgenic plants to produce much shorter lateral roots (LRs) than wild-type (WT) plants in the medium supplemented
with abscisic acid (ABA), suggesting that OsDSR-1 may act as a positive regulator during the process of ABA inhibition of LR development. No significant difference was observed
in the total LR length between WT and transgenic plants in the media with the increase of only osmotic stress caused by NaCl,
LiCl, and mannitol, while transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings appeared to produce larger root systems with longer total LR lengths under high-potassium conditions than WT seedlings.
Further analysis showed that external Ca2+ was required for the production of larger root systems, indicating that the promotion by OsDSR-1 of the LR development of transgenic Arabidopsis seemed to occur in a Ca2+-dependent manner under high-potassium conditions. We propose that OsDSR-1 may function as a calcium sensor of the signal transduction pathway controlling the LR development under high-potassium conditions. 相似文献
18.
A. A. Konovalov E. A. Moiseeva N. P. Goncharov E. Ya. Kondratenko 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(6):666-671
Segregation analysis was performed in the progenies obtained in analyzing crosses of hybrids of spring and winter accessions
of rye Secale cereale L. and wild S. montanum subsp. anatolicum (Grossh.) Tzvel. (syn. S. strictum (J. Presl) J. Presl). The test genes controlled the brittle stem (bs), the allelic variants of aromatic alcohol dehydrogenase (Aadh1) and shikimate dehydrogenase (Skdh), and the growth habit (Vrn1). A linkage was observed in the inheritance of the brittle stem and the aromatic alcohol dehydrogenase and shikimate dehydrogenase
alloenzymes. The order of genes was established to be bs-Skdh-Aadh1, and the genetic distances were estimated to be bs-(9.0%)-Skdh, bs-(10.8%)-Aadh1, and Skdh-(5.3%)-Aadh1. The recombination coefficient between the Skdh and Aadh1 genes varied from 2.2 to 18.2%, averaging 5.3%. The growth habit was inherited independently of the bs-Skdh-Aadh1 linkage group. 相似文献
19.
Swasti S. Swain Tapasi Tripathy Pradipta K. Mohapatra Pradeep K. Chand 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2010,46(2):134-141
In vitro regeneration of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) plants was achieved through callus-mediated shoot organogenesis followed by 30 d indoor ex vitro adaptation to nutritional stress under environmental ambience and thereafter 6-d outdoor acclimatization in pots prior to
field establishment. Relevant physiological parameters including pigment content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, net photosynthetic rate (P
N), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (g
s) of in vitro-regenerated plants were investigated during the course of ex vitro adaptation. During the first 4 d of indoor transplantation to potting substrate, there was a marginal reduction in the leaf
chlorophyll and carotenoid contents but P
N and E were strongly reduced. The stomatal conductance and E/P
N ratio were significantly higher in plants up to 20 d of indoor adaptation than those of comparable age grown naturally from
seeds. The shape of the OJIP fluorescence transient varied significantly with acclimatization, and the maximum change was
observed at 2.0 ms. The 2.0 ms variable fluorescence (V
j), 30 ms relative fluorescence (M
0), photon trapping probability (TR0/Abs), and photosystem II (PSII) trapping rate (TR0/RC) showed initial disturbance and subsequent stabilization during 30 d of indoor acclimatization. Energy dissipation (DI0/RC) and electron transport probability (ET0/TR0) showed an initial phase of increase during the 4 d after plants were transplanted outdoors. During the 6-d outdoor acclimatization
after transfer of plants to soil, no significant change in total chlorophylls and carotenoids, E, and g
s were observed, but P
N improved after reduction on the first d. The OJIP-derived parameters experienced change on the first d but were stabilized
quickly thereafter. There was no significant difference between outdoor acclimatized plants and those of the seed-grown plants
of comparable age with respect to photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters. Direct transfer of plants without indoor acclimatization,
however, showed a completely different trend with respect to P
N, E, and OJIP fluorescence transients. The bearing of this study on optimizing micropropagation is discussed. 相似文献
20.
Mature seed-derived embryogenic calli of indica rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. PAU201) were induced on semisolid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.5 mg dm−3 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 0.5 mg dm−3 kinetin + 560 mg dm−3 proline + 30 g dm−3 sucrose + 8 g dm−3 agar. Using OsglyII gene, out of 3180 calli bombarded, 32 plants were regenerated on medium containing hygromycin (30 mg dm−3). Histochemical GUS assay of the hygromycin selected calli revealed GUS expression in 50 % calli. Among the regenerants,
46.87 % were GUS positive. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of the transgene of 1 kb in 60 % of independent plants. Further,
these plants have been grown to maturity in glasshouse. In vitro screening for salt tolerance showed increase in fresh mass of OsglyII putative transgenic calli (185.4 mg) as compared to control calli (84.2 mg) on 90 mM NaCl after 15 d. When exposed to 150
mM NaCl, OsglyII putative transgenic plantlets showed normal growth while the non-transgenic control plantlets turned yellow and finally did
not survive. 相似文献