Oberonia manipurensis sp. nov. (Orchidaceae) from Manipur,India

A new species Oberonia manipurensis Chowlu, Nanda, A. N. Rao, Angela, Bishwajit & Akimpou sp. nov. (Orchidaceae) is described from Manipur, India. It is closely allied to O. pachyphylla King & Pantl. but differs in longer inflorescence, bilaterally flattened to terete leaves, entire bract, subserrate petals and anther cap with obtuse front margin. The species is described in detail and illustrated with a colour plate. The chromosome number for the species is also reported: 2n = 36.     

Sarcoglyphis manipurensis sp. nov. (Orchidaceae) from Manipur,India

A new orchid species, viz. Sarcoglyphis manipurensis, is described and illustrated from Imphal east and Chandel districts of Manipur in northeast India. It's distinguishing characters and affinity with S. mirabilis (Rchb.f.) Garay is discussed. An updated artificial key to all known species of Sarcoglyphis is provided.     

Streptomyces luteolifulvus sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from soil in Nanjing,China

During the investigation of exploring potential sources of novel species and natural bioactives, a novel actinomycete, designated strain HIT-DPA4^T, was isolated from a soil sample, which was collected from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities and the result of phylogenetic analysis, strain HIT-DPA4^T was most closely related to Streptomyces cyaneus CGMCC 4.1671 ^T, and shared the highest sequence similarity of 98.76%. In addition, the cell walls of the species HIT-DPA4^T contained LL-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were identified as glucose and ribose, and the principal phospholipids were found to be diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine. MK-9(H₆) and MK-9(H₄) were predominant menaquinones; and C_16:0, anteiso-C_15:0 and C_15:0 as major cellular fatty acids of the organism HIT-DPA4^T. Gene Ontology database analysis and antiSMASH server predicted results displayed that strain HIT-DPA4^T was a promising classification units, which has various types of functions and contains multiple biosynthetic gene clusters with the similarity more than 80%. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of five housekeeping genes (atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB and trpB) illustrated that Streptomyces luteolifulvus formed a separate branch in the genus Streptomyces. However, a combination of low level of DNA-DNA relatedness and physiological properties indicated that strain HIT-DPA4^T can be distinguished from its phylogenetically related species Streptomyces cyaneus CGMCC 4.1671 ^T. Moreover, gene synteny research could be further differed organism HIT-DPA4^T from similarity species. Therefore, the strain is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces luteolifulvus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HIT-DPA4^T (=?CGMCC 4.7558 ^T?=?TISTR 2751 ^T).

     

Streptomyces fukangensis sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic actinomycete isolated from a saline-alkaline soil

An alkaliphilic actinobacterium, designated EGI 80050^T, was isolated from a desert soil sample of Xinjiang, north-west China, and characterized by a polyphasic approach. The isolate was observed to produce purple orange-yellow aerial mycelium and dark orange-yellow substrate mycelium on yeast extract-malt extract agar medium. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain EGI 80050^T were found to contain ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and galactose, glucose, rhamnose and mannose as the main sugars. The major fatty acids identified were C_16:0-iso (36.8 %), C_15:0-anteiso (17.3 %), 15:0-iso (13.2 %) and 14:0-iso (10.5 %). The predominant menaquinones detected were MK-9(H₆) and MK-9(H₈), while the characteristic polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine and three unknown phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 67.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences affiliated the strain EGI 80050^T to the genus Streptomyces. Levels of 16 rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain EGI 80050^T and Streptomyces candidus NRRL ISP-5141^T, Streptomyces cremeus NBRC 12760^T, Streptomyces spiroverticillatus NBRC 12821^T, Streptomyces violaceorectus NBRC 13102^T, Streptomyces cinereoruber subsp. cinereoruber NBRC 12756^T were 96.7, 96.6, 96.6, 96.6 and 96.6 %, respectively. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain EGI 80050^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces fukangensis sp. nov. (type strain EGI 80050^T = BCRC 16945^T = JCM 19127^T) is proposed.     

Streptomyces canchipurensis sp. nov., isolated from a limestone habitat

Hundung Limestone habitat, Manipur, India is an unexplored site for microbial diversity studies. Using polyphasic taxonomy, a Streptomyces strain, MBRL 172^T, has been characterized. The strain was found to show highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Streptomyces coeruleofuscus NBRC 12757^T (99.2 %). The DNA relatedness between MBRL 172^T and S. coeruleofuscus NBRC 12757^T, and between MBRL 172^T and Streptomyces nogalater NBRC 13445^T, were 36.8 ± 4.4 and 52.5 ± 2.7 %, respectively. Strain MBRL 172^T was found to contain ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and glucose, mannose and xylose as the major sugars in whole cell hydrolysates. The polar lipids in the cell membrane were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositolmannoside. The predominant menaquinones detected were MK-9(H₆) and MK-9(H₈). The cellular fatty acids identified were mainly saturated fatty acids: anteiso-C_15:0, iso-C_16:0 and iso-C_15:0. Based on differences in the biochemical and molecular characteristics from its closest relatives, the strain can be proposed to represent a novel taxon in the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces canchipurensis is proposed, with the type strain MBRL 172^T (=JCM 17575^T = KCTC 29105^T).     

Streptomyces phytohabitans sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinomycete isolated from medicinal plant Curcuma phaeocaulis

A novel actinomycete, designated strain KLBMP 4601^T, was isolated from the root of the medicinal plant Curcuma phaeocaulis collected from Sichuan Province, south-west China. The strain produced extensively branched substrate and aerial hyphae that carried straight to flexuous spore chains. Chemotaxonomic properties of this strain were consistent with those of members of the genus Streptomyces. The cell wall of strain KLBMP 4601^T contained ll-diaminopimelic acid as the characteristic diamino acid. The major menaquinone was MK-9(H₄), with minor amounts of MK-9(H₆), MK-9(H₈) and MK-10(H₂). The major fatty acids were C_16:0, iso-C_16:0, C_18:1ω9c and C_16:1, iso G. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain KLBMP 4601^T belongs to the genus Streptomyces and is most closely related to Streptomyces armeniacus JCM 3070^T (97.9 %), Streptomyces pharmamarensis PM267^T (97.6 %) and Streptomyces artemisiae YIM 63135^T (97.5 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain KLBMP 4601^T and other members of this genus were lower than 97.5 %. DNA–DNA hybridization studies of strain KLBMP 4601^T with the three closest species showed relatedness values of 36.3 ± 4.2 %, 27.3 ± 0.6 %, and 30.9 ± 2.5 %, respectively. On the basis of chemotaxonomic, phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, it is evident that strain KLBMP 4601^T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces phytohabitans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KLBMP 4601^T (=KCTC 19892^T = NBRC 108772^T).     

Streptosporangium nanhuense sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from soil

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-NH11^T, was isolated from muddy soil collected from a lake and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NEAU-NH11^T belongs to the genus Streptosporangium, and was most closely related to Streptosporangium amethystogenes subsp. amethystogenes DSM 43179^T (99.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain NEAU-NH11^T formed a monophyletic clade with Streptosporangium purpuratum CY-15110^T (98.3 %) and Streptosporangium yunnanense CY-11007^T (98.0 %), an association that was supported by a bootstrap value of 80 % in the neighbour-joining tree and also recovered with the maximum-likelihood algorithm. However, the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness allowed the strain to be differentiated from S. amethystogenes subsp. amethystogenes DSM 43179^T, S. purpuratum CY-15110^T and S. yunnanense CY-11007^T. Moreover, strain NEAU-NH11^T could also be differentiated from its closest related strains by phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-NH11^T represents a novel Streptosporangium species, Streptosporangium nanhuense sp. nov. The type strain of S. nanhuense is NEAU-NH11^T. (=CGMCC 4.7131^T = DSM 46674^T).     

Streptosporangium shengliensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from a lake sediment

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-GH7^T, was isolated from a lake sediment and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Strain NEAU-GH7^T was Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming and produced spherical sporangia. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain NEAU-GH7^T formed a monophyletic clade with the closest relative Streptosporangium longisporum DSM 43180^T (99.0 %), an association that was supported by a bootstrap value of 74 % in the neighbour-joining tree and also recovered with the maximum-likelihood algorithm. However, the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness allowed the strain to be differentiated from its closest relative. Moreover, strain NEAU-GH7^T could also be differentiated from S. longisporum DSM 43180^T and other Streptosporangium species showing high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.0 %) by morphological and physiological characteristics. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic characteristics, strain NEAU-GH7^T should be classified as a new species of the genus Streptosporangium, for which the name Streptosporangium shengliensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-GH7^T (=CGMCC 4.7105^T=DSM 45881^T).     

Nonomuraea shaanxiensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from a soil sample

A novel actinomycete, strain NEAU-st1^T, was isolated from a soil sample collected in Shaanxi province, Northwest China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain NEAU-st1^T belongs to the genus Nonomuraea, being most closely related to Nonomuraea rosea GW12687^T (98.91 %), Nonomuraea solani NEAU-Z6^T (98.44 %), Nonomuraea rhizophila YIM67092^T(98.24 %) and Nonomuraea monospora PT708^T (98.02 %); similarities to sequences of other type strains of the genus Nonomuraea were lower than 98 %. Both tree-making algorithms used also supported the position that strain NEAU-st1^T formed a distinct clade with its most closely related species. Morphological and physiological characteristics confirmed that the strain belongs to the genus Nonomuraea and distinguished it from its most closely related species. DNA–DNA hybridization further differentiated strain NEAU-st1^T from its nearest phylogenetic neighbours. These results suggested that strain NEAU-st1^T represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea shaanxiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-st1^T (=CGMCC 4.7096^T = DSM 45877^T).     

Nonomuraea maheshkhaliensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from mangrove rhizosphere mud

A strain of Nonomuraea was isolated from Maheshkhali, Cox's Bazar, an unexplored region of Bangladesh. Strain 16-5-14(T) is a Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile actinomycete that formed branched substrate and aerial mycelia. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain 16-5-14(T) was shown to belong to the genus Nonomuraea, being most closely related to Nonomuraea kuesteri. Chemotaxonomic data supported allocation of the strain as a member of the genus Nonomuraea. The strain 16-5-14(T) contained MK-9(H(4)) as the major menaquinone, the polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine and major cellular fatty acids were observed as C(16 : 0 )(15.5%), iso-C(16 : 0) (13.8%) and 10-methyl C(17 : 0) (9.6%). Results of DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 16-5-14(T) from closely related species N. kuesteri. Thus 16-5-14(T) represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea. On the basis of evaluation of the morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and DNA-DNA hybridization, Nonomuraea maheshkhaliensis sp. nov. (type strain, 16-5-14(T)=JCM 13929(T)=MTCC 8545(T)) is proposed.