牛樟芝固态发酵成分缓解L-O2细胞酒精损伤的研究

牛樟芝谷物固态发酵可产生多种生物活性成分,是具有良好应用潜力的培养方式.本文以牛樟芝青稞固态发酵物为原料,通过硅胶柱层析获得4种生物活性成分,然后利用人正常肝细胞L-O2酒精损伤模型对这4种活性成分进行功能评价.研究结果显示,酒精损伤能够导致L-O2细胞收缩,贴壁能力减弱.在所研究的4种活性成分中,AdA和Aq均能够有...     

牛樟芝多糖对HepG2细胞酒精性氧化损伤的保护作用

研究了不同剂量(100、200和400μg/mL)的牛樟芝粗多糖(CP)和醇提物后的水提物(WEE)对酒精诱导的HepG2细胞氧化损伤的保护作用.研究结果表明:与模型组比较,各剂量组的CP和200、400μg/mL的WEE均能极显著提高HepG2细胞的细胞活力.100μg/mL的CP和WEE均能极显著降低细胞培养液的A...     

玉竹多糖对酒精诱导的HepG2细胞损伤的保护作用及其机制*

目的: 探究玉竹多糖对酒精诱导HepG2细胞损伤的保护作用及潜在的分子机制。方法: 通过噻唑蓝(MTT)法筛选酒精处理HepG2细胞的合适浓度和玉竹多糖干预浓度后,将HepG2细胞按照不同干预浓度(200 μg/L、400 μg/L和600 μg/L)的玉竹多糖分组,并设未添加玉竹多糖的空白组,预处理1 h后,再用4%酒精处理24 h,每组设置3个复孔,检测细胞内丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性,检测细胞内活性氧(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、白介素1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平,检测细胞Kelch 样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白-1(Keap1)、磷酸化核因子E2相关因子 2(p-Nrf2)、磷酸酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸醌氧化还原酶-1(NQO1)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(cleaved-caspase-3)蛋白表达。结果: 与4%酒精处理后的HepG2细胞对比,各浓度玉竹多糖的干预能有效下调酒精诱导HepG2细胞内ALT和AST活性(P＜0.05);200 μg/L浓度玉竹多糖组的IL-1β和TNF-α水平明显下降(P＜ 0.05),而GSH水平明显上升(P＜0.01);400 μg/L和600 μg/L浓度玉竹多糖组的ROS、MDA、IL-1β和TNF-α水平明显下降(P＜0.05或P＜ 0.01),而GSH水平明显上升(P＜0.01)。玉竹多糖在有效上调酒精诱导HepG2细胞内p-Nrf2和NQO1蛋白表达的同时也下调Bax/ Bcl-2指数(P＜0.05),抑制Keap1和cleaved-caspase-3蛋白表达(P＜0.05)。结论: 玉竹多糖能通过调控Nrf2/ Keap1通路改善酒精诱导HepG2细胞氧化应激损伤,从而降低HepG2细胞炎症指数和细胞凋亡水平,其中400 μg/L和600 μg/L玉竹多糖的干预效果较好。     

GFER抑制四氯化碳对HepG2细胞的损伤

目的探讨HepG2细胞内生长因子ERV1样基因(growth factor Erv1-gene,GFER)表达降低后对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的细胞损伤的影响,以进一步明确GFER对于肝细胞的保护作用。方法首先将GFER siRNA转染入HepG2细胞,72 h后收集细胞并通过Western Blot检测GFER的表达以明确沉默效率。再次将GFER siRNA转染入HepG2细胞72 h后,用CCl4处理细胞6 h和24 h,检测细胞内ATP的含量,caspase-3的活性,并应用MTS方法测定细胞的增殖能力以及TUNEL方法检测细胞凋亡。结果 Western blot结果显示转染GFER siRNA后细胞内GFER的表达降低。CCl4处理细胞6 h后,GFER表达降低使细胞的增殖能力下降,细胞内ATP含量增加,细胞凋亡更为明显。CCl4处理24 h后,GFER表达降低使细胞的增殖能力进一步下降,Caspase 3活性进一步升高,凋亡细胞数目显著增多,而ATP的含量明显下降。结论 GFER表达降低促进CCl4对HepG2细胞的损伤。     

基于重组HepG_2-P4503A4与HepG_2-P4503A46全细胞体外药物代谢比较研究

本研究以探针药物硝苯地平(NF)、睾酮(TST)及其抑制剂酮康唑(KCZ)与重组HepG2-P4503A4、HepG2-P4503A46细胞全细胞在优化的重组细胞浓度、药物浓度、孵育时间等条件下进行体外孵育,通过高效液相色谱仪检测其药物代谢(抑制)动力学参数,并将二者进行比较分析。重组HepG2-P4503A46与HepG2-P4503A4细胞的硝苯地平、睾酮的代谢活性无显著差异(P0.05);在0~10μM的浓度范围内,酮康唑对硝苯地平和睾酮的抑制活性均随酮康唑浓度的增加而增加,且其IC50值均低于1μM,为nM级,表明酮康唑对二者的硝苯地平代谢具有较强的抑制活性,抑制剂酮康唑对重组HepG2-P4503A46与HepG2-P4503A4细胞的抑制活性差异不显著(P0.05)。本研究表明无论是底物代谢或底物抑制活性,重组HepG2-P4503A46细胞均与重组HepG2-P4503A4细胞差异不显著,P4503A46可能为巴马小型猪体内人P4503A4的同源酶。     

乙型肝炎病毒对HepG2细胞侵袭的影响

目的研究HBV全长对HepG2细胞侵袭相关基因表达及活性的影响,探讨HBV在整体水平对HepG2细胞侵袭的影响。方法采用定量PCR分析HBV对HepG2细胞MMP2、9和TIMP1-4基因转录的影响;通过明胶酶谱及反相明胶酶谱检测MMP2、MMP9及TIMPs的活性;应用体外侵袭小室法检测细胞的侵袭能力。结果HBV的复制可以促进HepG2细胞MMP2、MMP9、TIMP1和TIMP3基因的转录,抑制TIMP4基因转录,增强HepG2细胞MMP2、MMP9的活性并增强细胞中TIMP1、TIMP3功能,HBV稳定复制的细胞具有更强的体外侵袭能力。结论HBV可影响HepG2细胞MMPs和TIMPs的基因转录、表达及功能,促进HepG2细胞的体外侵袭,这可能与HBV相关的HCC侵袭转移密切相关。     

杆状病毒用于哺乳动物细胞快速高效表达外源基因的研究

现已发现杆状病毒可进入某些培养的哺乳动物细胞,这提示可将杆状病毒作为一种对哺乳动物细胞的新型基因转移载体。对杆状病毒转移载体的改造及对哺乳动物细胞的基因转移方式进行了进一步的研究。以绿色荧光蛋白基因为报告基因,利用Bac-to-Bac系统构建了分别含有正向和反向CMV启动子表达盒的两种重组杆状病毒。可观察到CMV启动子在Sf9细胞中可启动报告基因的表达,但表达效率较低。用重组杆状病毒感染后Sf9细胞的培养上清直接与HepG2细胞作用,以流式细胞术检测基因转移效率及荧光表达强度,发现这两种病毒在相同的感染复数下对HepG2细胞具有相似的基因转移及表达效率。同时,利用流式细胞术进一步研究了直接使用重组杆状病毒感染4d后Sf9细胞的培养上清对哺乳动物细胞进行基因转移的方法。通过对HepG2细胞的实验结果显示,将带毒Sf9细胞培养上清(1.2×10⁷PFU/mL)用哺乳动物细胞培养基1倍稀释后,37℃下孵育靶细胞12h(moi=50),可达到较高的基因转移及表达效率,同时不会对细胞造成明显损伤。将重组杆状病毒与脂质体和逆转录病毒这两种系统对HepG2及CV1细胞的基因转移效率进行了比较,结果发现在同样未经浓缩等特殊处理的条件下重组杆状病毒对这两种细胞的基因转移效率是最高的。因此可以认为,经过适当改造后的Bac-to-Bac重组杆状病毒系统可作为一种对哺乳动物细胞简便高效的基因转移表达载体。     

珊瑚树Vibsane型二萜类化合物对人体HepG2细胞增殖的影响及其机制

目的：探讨珊瑚树vibsane型二萜类化合物对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的影响及其机制,为研发新型天然植物类抗肿瘤药物提供实验依据。方法：采用噻唑蓝比色法及苔盼蓝染色计数法观察珊瑚树vibsane类二萜类化合物对不同肿瘤细胞增殖的影响;应用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡,利用Apo-ONE Homogeneous Caspase-3/7试剂盒检测vibsane二萜类化合物1#对HepG2细胞内Caspase-3酶活性的影响。结果：活性筛选发现vibsane型二萜类化合物1#显著抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖,构效分析表明化合物C11位连接侧链的基团修饰影响其细胞增殖抑制活性。此外,HepG2细胞对1#化合物最敏感,1#化合物抑制其增殖具有剂量和时间依赖性。机制研究显示1#化合物诱导HepG2细胞发生明显的细胞周期G0/G1期阻滞,具有时间和剂量效应;同时,较高浓度1#化合物（5-10μmol/L）引起HepG2细胞凋亡明显增加,并剂量依赖性诱导细胞内Caspase3/7激活。结论：珊瑚树vibsane型二萜类化合物能够明显抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖,其可能通过诱导细胞周期阻滞和细胞凋亡发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

饱和脂肪酸诱导肝细胞系建立代谢相关脂肪性肝病细胞损伤模型

摘要 目的：探讨不同脂肪酸对肝细胞系脂质积累、细胞损伤的影响,选择合适诱导试剂及肝细胞系建立一种具有严重细胞损伤及炎症反应的晚期代谢相关脂肪性肝病（MAFLD）体外细胞模型。方法：以油酸（OA）或棕榈酸（PA）或其混合物分别处理HepG2和LO2细胞,以CCK8检测细胞存活率;以油红O染色及甘油三酯酶法检测细胞脂质积累程度;以qRT-PCR检测凋亡相关蛋白、纤维化相关蛋白、自噬相关蛋白、炎症因子的mRNA表达水平。结果：0.25 mmol/LPA作用HepG2细胞24 h可显著诱导甘油三酯（TG）和脂质积累,但对LO2细胞无明显影响;0.25 mmol/L PA处理两种细胞系可诱导显著的细胞损伤及炎症,OA可缓解PA对细胞的损伤作用。结论：利用PA处理HepG2细胞可引起一定程度的脂质积累,诱导显著的细胞损伤及炎症,是合适的MAFLD体外细胞模型。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.