开展优质护理后护士职业倦怠变化的调查研究

目的观察优质护理开展后对护士职业倦怠状况的影响,以改善护士身心健康,提高护理质量。方法采用横断面调查研究我院201名护士职业倦怠情况,其中将开展优质护理科室的98名护士作为观察组,选择常规护理科室的103名护士为对照组,通过职业倦怠量表进行调查,比较两组护士职业倦怠的差异性。结果两组护士职业倦怠总水平比较,观察组护士情感耗竭、个人成就感维度高于对照组(P0.01),但去人格化维度无统计学意义(P0.05)。调查单个项目比较,具有统计学意义的达9项,其中3项属于情感耗竭维度,1项属于去人格化维度,5项属于个人成就感维度。结论医院管理者在开展优质护理时应高度关注护士群体的工作倦怠现象,提高护士对职业满意度及职业成就感,以利于护理质量的提高。     

哈尔滨地区手术室护士职业倦怠现状与社会支持的相关分析

目的:研究哈尔滨地区手术室护士职业倦怠现状与社会支持现状,分析其相关性,通过提高社会支持,减轻职业倦怠感.方法:通过目的抽样选取哈尔滨地区8所二甲以上的医院468名手术室护士进行调查,回收有效问卷450份,调查工具包括一般情况调查表、职业倦怠量表与社会支持量表.结果:在职业倦怠量表中,情感耗竭得分为29.42± 9.58,去个性化得分为7.45± 4.32,个人成就感得分为28.12±9.29.手术室护士的情感耗竭与主观支持存在显著相关(P＜0.01).去个性化与主观支持和支持利用度存在显著相关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:预防手术室护士职业倦怠,应努力增加护士的社会支持,塑造良好的人格,更好地为社会大众服务.     

急诊科护士正念度与心理弹性和职业倦怠的相关性分析

为了探讨急诊科护士正念度与心理弹性和职业倦怠的相关性,本研究采用整群抽样法对34名急诊科护士进行问卷调查,所有护士均接受一般状况调查表、五因子正念度问卷(FFMQ)、Conner-Davidson心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)简化版和职业倦怠问卷修订版(MBI-GS)调查。结果表明,急诊科护士情绪耗竭、去人性化、个人成就感的得分分别为(16.25±8.27)分、(16.84±9.17)分、(26.83±9.05)分。急诊科护士FFMQ得分(99.91±8.14)分,项目均分(2.56±0.57)分。急诊科护士CD-RISC得分(69.14±7.43)分,项目均分(2.77±0.54)分。初步结论表明,急诊科护士职业倦怠感严重,正念度与急诊科护士的心理弹性呈正相关,与职业倦怠感呈负相关,通过正念训练提高心理弹性可影响急诊科护士的职业倦怠感。     

大学生学习倦怠、自尊与生活满意度的关系研究

目的:探讨大学生学习倦怠、自尊以及生活满意度的关系.方法:采用学习倦怠量表、自尊量表(SES)以及生活满意度量表对446名大学生进行测试.结果:(1)学习倦怠存在性别差异,大学男生在学习倦怠的成就感低方面显著高于大学女生;(2)大三学生在行为不当方面显著低于大四学生;在成就感低方面显著低于大一学生;(3)情绪低落及成就感低对自尊以及生活满意度有显著的预测作用.结论:缓解大学生学习倦怠、提高其自尊水平与生活满意度有利于提高其心理健康.     

ICU护士工作压力与创新行为的相关性分析

目的 了解医院ICU护士工作压力和创新行为现状及二者之间的关系。方法 抽取哈尔滨市三所大型综合医院的10个ICU病区的289名护士为研究对象,采用一般资料、护士工作压力源量表和创新行为量表对护理人员进行调查。结果 ICU护士工作压力平均分为2.63±0.64分,创新行为平均分为4.21±0.92分。工作压力各维度中,管理及人际关系、护理专业及工作和工作环境及仪器设备三个维度为创新行为的主要影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论 临床护理管理者应想方设法减轻ICU护士的工作压力,才有利于促进临床护理工作者的创新行为,提高护理工作质量。     

长沙市护士工作压力与生活质量的相关性研究

目的:调查湖南省长沙市护士工作压力与生活质量现状,探讨护士工作压力与生活质量的相关性.方法:运用李小妹修订的护士工作压力源量表和世界卫生组织的生存质量评定量表(WHOQOL-BREF),分别采取分层-随机和整群-随机抽样法对长沙市5个城区中三级、二级、一级医院各1所及社区卫生服务站10所的600名护士进行问卷调查.结果:护士工作压力总均分为(11.51±1.99)分,各维度中得分最高的是护理专业及工作方面(2.58±0.56)分,得分最低的是管理及人际关系方面(1.86±0.42)分;护士生活质量总得分为(273.31±43.52)分,各维度中得分最高的是社会领域(65.17±13.34)分,得分最低的是环境领域(44.70±14.24)分;护士工作压力各维度与生活质量各维度之间大多呈负相关.结论:长沙市护士整体工作压力处于中度水平,护士生活质量不容乐观.     

护士工作压力与生活质量的相关性研究

??????? 目的 研究护士的工作压力及生活质量状况,探讨工作压力与生活质量之间的相关性。方法 对138名护士进行问卷调查。采用李小妹修订的护士工作压力源量表测定护士工作压力,用世界卫生组织的生活质量评定量表（WHOQOL-BREF）测定护士的生活质量。结果 护士工作压力总均分为（15.11±2.18）分,护士生活质量总得分为（58.07±8.43）分,护士工作压力各维度与生活质量各维度之间大多呈负相关。结论 护士工作压力为重度压力水平。护士生活质量得分明显低于常模,其生活质量较差。护士工作压力与生活质量之间关系呈显著负相关,工作压力大的护士其生活质量差。     

急诊护士职业疲劳与社会支持状况调查分析

目的:了解急诊科护士的职业疲劳程度及社会支持状况并分析两者之间的联系,为临床护理管理提供科学依据。方法:采用疲劳量表以及社会支持量表对150名急诊科护士的疲劳状况及社会支持进行问卷调查。结果:急诊科护士职业疲劳高于非急诊护士,疲劳与社会支持情况呈显著负相关,即社会支持越少的护士疲劳感越强。尤其是主观感觉社会支持少,对社会支持利用度低的护士疲劳感更强。结论:提倡从各方面增加急诊科护士的社会支持水平,并有效引导她们充分合理利用身边的社会支持资源,以减轻职业疲劳,确保护理人员的身心健康,提高工作效率,保障护理质量及安全。     

ICU患者家属焦虑与心理需求的相关性研究

目的:调查ICU患者家属的焦虑和心理需求现状,并分析两者的相关性,以便对家属采取针对性的关爱措施,提高ICU的护理服务质量.方法:在患者入住ICU24～36个小时后,119名患者家属接受焦虑自评量表(SAS)、危重患者家属需求量表(CCFNI)的调查.结果:在所调查的患者家属中,焦虑的发生率达到59.7%,焦虑与获取信息、接近病人呈显著正相关(r=0.341,p＜0.01;r=0.363,p＜0.01),与自身舒适呈显著负相关(r=-0.217,p＜0.01).结论:ICU患者家属焦虑发生率极高,医护人员在护理患者的同时,需兼顾患者家属,提供多方面心理护理,体现以人为本的护理理念.     

护士应具备的素质和品质

护理工作的服务对象是需要帮助、关爱的人群 ,是有疾病痛苦甚至有生命危险的病人 ,因此 ,要求护士应具备很高的素质和品质。1　爱心、同情心　　护士职业道德的核心是“利他”和“助人”。热爱护理事业 ,把爱心处处贯穿于整个护理工作中 ,是道德情感对护士的要求 ,只有在这种爱心情感的驱动下 ,才能够设身处地为病人着想 ;才能够自觉自愿、竭尽全力地去为病人解除痛苦 ;才能够忧病人之所忧 ,急病人之所急 ,一切为了病人。具有真挚的同情心 ,是每个护士都应具备的最起码的职业道德情感 ,正如南丁格尔所说 :“护士必须具有一颗同情心和一双勤…     

The Mediating Role of Coping Style in the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Burnout among Chinese Nurses

Background

Burnout is recognized as an occupational hazard, and nursing has a high risk of burnout. This study aims to explore the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and burnout among Chinese nurses and the mediating role of coping style in this relationship.

Methods

A total of 1,496 nurses (effective response rate: 80.11%) from two large general hospitals in Daqing City of China were selected as participants. Data were collected via the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI), the psychological capital questionnaire (PCQ-24), the Chinese Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and demographic and caregiver-patient relationship. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to explore the mediating role of positive coping and negative coping, and we used the Bootstrap method to confirm the mediating effect.

Results

Self-efficacy, hope, resilience and optimism of nurses were all negatively related with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment among Chinese nurses. Positive coping partially mediated the relationship between hope/optimism and emotional exhaustion and between self-efficacy/optimism and reduced personal accomplishment. Negative coping fully mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and emotional exhaustion, and in the regression model self-efficacy was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion. And negative coping also partially mediated the relationship between hope/optimism and emotional exhaustion and between optimism and depersonalization.

Conclusion

PsyCap had effects on burnout and coping style was a mediator in this relationship among Chinese nurses. Nurses who had a strong sense of self-efficacy adopted more negative coping style, which in turn would lead to higher levels of emotional exhaustion. These findings shed light on the influence of negative coping on burnout, and positive coping was a positive resource for fighting against nurses’ burnout. Hence, in order to avoid negative coping style, improve skill of coping and enhance PsyCap of nurses, active interventions should be developed in the future.     

IT职员工作-家庭冲突与职业枯竭的关系（英文）

目的：探讨工作-家庭冲突和职业枯竭的关系。方法：采用问卷法调查了249名IT职员。结果：分层回归分析的结果显示,在控制了人口统计学变量之后,工作-家庭冲突所解释的方差变异量,在情绪衰竭、去人性化和成就感低落三个维度上分别增加了44%、25%和16%。结论：工作-家庭冲突可有效地预测职业枯竭。     

The Mediating Effects of Burnout on the Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Occupational Stress among Community Healthcare Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background

Several occupational stress studies of healthcare workers have predicted a high prevalence of anxiety symptoms, which can affect their quality of life and the care that they provide. However, few studies have been conducted among community healthcare workers in China. We attempted to explore whether burnout mediates the association between occupational stress and anxiety symptoms.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was completed in Liaoning Province, China from November to December 2012. A total of 1,752 healthcare workers from 52 Community Health Centers participated in this study, and all participants were given self-administered questionnaires. These questionnaires addressed the following aspects: the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, the Chinese version of the effort-reward imbalance scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory–General Survey. Finally, the study included 1,243 effective respondents (effective response rate, 70.95%). Hierarchical linear regression analysis, performed with SPSS 17.0, was used to estimate the effect of burnout.

Results

The prevalence of anxiety symptoms among the community healthcare workers was 38.0%. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, the effort–reward ratio and overcommitment positively predicted anxiety symptoms. Meanwhile, the effort–reward ratio and overcommitment were positively related to the emotional exhaustion and cynicism subscales of burnout. In addition, the emotional exhaustion and cynicism subscales were positively related to anxiety symptoms. Thus, there is a link between burnout, occupational stress and anxiety symptoms.

Conclusions

Burnout mediates the effect of occupational stress on anxiety symptoms. To effectively reduce the impact of occupational stress on anxiety symptoms, burnout management should be considered.     

The role of stress and level of burnout in job performance among nurses

Nurses' empathy for and connection with patients demonstrates core professional values which are essential but, consequently, attract certain factors capable of inducing stress. Studies of the roles and responsibilities associated with nursing have implicated multiple and conflicting demands which might not be without some resultant effects. However, little research has been conducted on these work characteristics in developing economies to determine how these might impact the nurse employees' performance. There is need for evidence-based empirical findings to facilitate improvement in healthcare services. This study examined stress and level of burnout among Nigerian nurses (n = 2245) who were selected using stratified random sampling. The participants were measured using an 'abridged measures booklet' adopted from the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), Job Autonomy Questionnaire (JAQ), Questionnaire on Organisational Stress-Doetinchem (VOS-D) and Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS). The roles of work-home interference (WHI) and home-work interference (HWI), with respect to work characteristics and burnout (paying special attention to gender), were examined. Analyses using t-tests and linear regression showed no gender differences in burnout levels among Nigerian nurses, who experience medium to high levels of emotional exhaustion, medium levels of depersonalisation and high levels of personal accomplishment. WHI and HWI were found to mediate the relationship between work characteristics and burnout. The meditational relationship differs between genders. This study calls for further research into gender and burnout among the caring professions, especially in under-developed and developing economies of the world.     

Nurses' Practice Environment and Work-Family Conflict in Relation to Burn Out: A Multilevel Modelling Approach

Objectives

To investigate associations between nurse work practice environment measured at department level and individual level work-family conflict on burnout, measured as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment among Swedish RNs.

Methods

A multilevel model was fit with the individual RN at the 1st, and the hospital department at the 2nd level using cross-sectional RN survey data from the Swedish part of RN4CAST, an EU 7th framework project. The data analysed here is based on a national sample of 8,620 RNs from 369 departments in 53 hospitals.

Results

Generally, RNs reported high values of personal accomplishment and lower values of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. High work-family conflict increased the risk for emotional exhaustion, but for neither depersonalization nor personal accomplishment. On department level adequate staffing and good leadership and support for nurses reduced the risk for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Personal accomplishment was statistically significantly related to staff adequacy.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that adequate staffing, good leadership, and support for nurses are crucial for RNs'' mental health. Our findings also highlight the importance of hospital managers developing policies and practices to facilitate the successful combination of work with private life for employees.     

Chlamydia in canine or feline coronary arteriosclerotic lesions

Background

This study examined the associations of job control, organizational justice and bullying at the workplace with emotional exhaustion. This was done by adjusting firstly for age and occupational class, secondly physical work factors, thirdly mutually adjusting for the three psychosocial factors and fourthly adjusting for all studied variables simultaneously. Data were derived from the Helsinki Health Study baseline surveys conducted in 2001 and 2002, including 40-60-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki (n = 5819, response rate 66%). Exhaustion was measured with a six-item subscale from Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Psychosocial factors included Karasek's job control, organizational justice and bullying at the workplace. Logistic regression analysis was used.

Results

Among women 23% and among men 20% reported symptoms of emotional exhaustion. Among women all psychosocial factors were associated with exhaustion when adjusted for age and occupational class as confounders. When physical work factors were additionally adjusted for, the associations slightly attenuated but remained. When psychosocial work factors were simultaneously adjusted for each other, their associations with exhaustion attenuated but remained. Among men all psychosocial factors were associated with exhaustion when adjusted for confounders only. When adjusted for physical work factors the associations slightly attenuated. When psychosocial factors were simultaneously adjusted for each other, associations of organizational justice and bullying with exhaustion attenuated but remained whereas job control lost its association.

Conclusions

Identifying risk factors for emotional exhaustion is vital for preventing subsequent processes leading to burnout. Psychosocial factors are likely to contribute to exhaustion among female as well as male employees. Thus management and occupational health care should devote more attention to the psychosocial work environment in order to be able to prevent exhaustion and burnout at the workplaces.     

Burnout phenomenon and its occupational risk factors among Japanese hospital nurses.

To identify and evaluate recent working conditions and job content of hospital nurses in Japan, as well as the prevalence of the burnout phenomenon and the occupational risk factors responsible for it, a questionnaire survey was carried out. The subjects consisted of 898 nurses and 255 municipal service workers as the control group. Working conditions and workload burdens were more severe among nurses than among the municipal workers. The burnout phenomenon among the nurses was characterized by emotional exhaustion as well as depersonalization. Moreover, the rate ratio and multivariate analyses indicated that a great variety of occupational factors, not only interpersonal relationships, but the general working conditions and specific physical or mental workloads influenced the burnout phenomenon as well. Therefore, in examining measures dealing with the burnout phenomenon among nurses, it is considered important to evaluate the occupational factors systematically and comprehensively.     

职业倦怠与抑郁症的相关性及其生物学基础研究*

职业倦怠和抑郁症是当今社会人群中普遍存在的影响心理健康的重要因素和疾病,这两者之间有一定的相关性.职业倦怠主要表现在三个方面:情感枯竭,去个性化,个人成就感缺乏.抑郁症主要表现在心境障碍或情感性障碍,缺乏激情.职业倦怠和抑郁症在表现行为方面存在一定关联,患有职业倦怠和抑郁症的人通常态度消极,缺乏对生活和工作的热情,自我评价低,影响工作和生活质量.抑郁情绪易引发职业倦怠,职业倦怠也可以导致抑郁症,二者相互影响.本文就职业倦怠与抑郁症的概念,两者之间的联系及相关的生物学基础进行了综述.     

病房护士工作满意度及其影响因素的调查

目的:调查病房护士工作满意程度及其影响因素.方法:选取哈尔滨市某三级甲等医院94名病房护士作为研究对象,采用自制调查问卷对病房护士进行调查,问卷内容主要包括护士工作满意度评定量表和一般社会人口统计学资料.结果:病房护士工作满意度总分平均为(76.85±10.97)分,影响护士工作满意度的一般社会人口统计学资料主要包括年龄、婚姻状况及职称.结论:病房护士工作满意度处于中等水平,年龄、婚姻状况及职称是影响其工作满意度的主要因素.护理管理人员应通过改善工作环境,根据护士不同特点制定个性化制度,以提高护士工作满意度,进而达到提高工作质量的目的.