世界传统医药体系与草药的应用

简介世界传统医药体系和草药的主要种类、分布区域、主要疗效及国产资源情况,并结合我国资源实际提出了借鉴应用意见。     

绿药和保健

古往今来，从未有哪个国家，哪个民族，像我们这样对草药着迷。自神农尝百草开始，草药就正式登上了历史的舞台。当然，草药决不是一个人发明创造的，它是劳动人民长期生活的经验结晶。     

《科学-转化医学》：研究证实中草药可降低化疗毒性

研究人员在日前出版的美国《科学-转化医学》杂志上报告了一种名为PHY906的混合草药在降低伊立替康所造成的胃肠毒性方面的效果。这项研究强调了传统草药的治疗价值、阐释了可能的治疗机制，即通过草药的多配方成分来调节多种生物学活性，也许能提供目前常规药物不能实现的疗效。     

科研快讯

《科学-转化医学》:研究证实中草药可降低化疗毒性研究人员在日前出版的美国《科学-转化医学》杂志上报告了一种名为PHY906的混合草药在降低伊立替康所造成的胃肠毒性方面的效果。这项研究强调了传统草药的治疗价值、阐释了可能的治疗机制,即通过草药的多配方成分来调节多种生物学活性,也     

加拿大限制进口印度草药

Pharmaceutical Business News2005年8月12日5页报道：最近加拿大药物管理局宣称,鉴于某些印度草药遭受大量重金属诸如铅和砷的污染,故已下令将这些草药清除出加拿大市场,同时限制其进口。并规定只有经过检验合格的印度草药,才能被批准入市。指出某些遭受重金属污染的印度草药,服用后可引起腹痛、呕吐、肌肉痛性痉挛、心脏病、肝损害、贫血和运动神经障碍。     

秘鲁民间草药及其与中草药种类之比较

作者通过实地考察,论述了秘鲁丰富的民族植物学和民间草药知识,并根据收集到的有关资料对秘鲁民间草药和中草药的种类进行比较分析,为进一步开发药用植物资源和研制新药提供参考。     

国外科技简讯

松树抽提物可治疗 胃溃疡 日本的两家公司最近联合推出了一种可治疗胃溃疡的草药。这种草药是利用松树抽提物制成的。它可以保护胃粘膜,促进胃内壁损伤组织的愈合,以及杀死影响治疗的有害细菌。这种草药是一种颗粒状的粉剂,可以同溃疡组织产生的清蛋白和其他蛋白结合,从而形成一层可以保护胃粘膜,使之免于遭受胃酸和消化酶损害的障壁。     

中国蛇协瑞昌市蛇伤防治与蛇毒应用研究所成立

中国蛇协瑞昌市蛇伤防治与蛇毒应用研究所于1992年7月17日正式成立。瑞昌市人大常委会副主任朱亚愚、副市长郑慧怡为该所挂牌揭彩。中国蛇协第一会长覃公平、会长舒普荣、沈阳药学院教授陈建智、中国农工民主党南昌市中草药门诊部副主任廖振才、长江三角洲肿瘤医     

闽南民间药公石松的生药鉴定

对具有闽南民间特色的草药公石松原植物进行鉴定,确认其来自兰科Orchidaceae血叶兰属植物血叶兰Ludisia discolor的全草,并对其生药性状、组织构造、粉末显微特征等进行观察描述,旨在为该药的正确鉴别应用,以及进一步研究开发提供参考。     

五爪龙外敷液中芹菜素与槲皮素的HPLC测定

本实验建立芹菜素与槲皮素的HPLC检测法,同时测定草药五爪龙外敷药液中芹菜素与槲皮素的含量。采用反相shim-pack VP-ODS C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),优化条件为:柱温30℃,流动相:甲醇-0.4%磷酸(50∶50,v∶v);流速:1.0 mL/min;检测波长:360nm;进样体积10μL。对草药五爪龙外敷药液中芹菜素与槲皮素的含量进行测定。结果表明:芹菜素与槲皮素均在60~300μg/mL的范围内线性关系良好,r分别为0.9998与0.9996,草药五爪龙乙醇浸液较水煎煮液中芹菜素与槲皮素含量均高。本法方便、快速、准确,可检测草药五爪龙外敷液中的芹菜素与槲皮素的含量。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.