酪酸梭菌活菌散与制霉菌素片联用治疗婴幼儿鹅口疮的疗效观察

目的观察和评价酪酸梭菌活菌散与制霉菌素片联用治疗婴幼儿鹅口疮的临床疗效。方法将97例鹅口疮患儿随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组47例,在涂抹制霉菌素片的基础上服用酪酸梭菌活菌散,0.5g/次,3次/d,疗程28 d,对照组50例,单独制霉菌素片,观察复发率和不良反应。结果观察组的总复发率为8.5%,显著低于对照组的30%(P<0.05)。结论酪酸梭菌活菌散与制霉菌素片联用治疗婴幼儿鹅口疮预防复发疗效显著,且未见不良反应,值得临床推广应用。     

布拉酵母联合制霉菌素对 婴幼儿鹅口疮的疗效评价

目的探讨布拉酵母联合制霉菌素干预婴幼儿鹅口疮的临床疗效。方法将90例患儿随机分为对照组和观察组各45例。对照组患儿单用制霉菌素涂口腔,3次/d。观察组在对照组基础上联用布拉酵母0.125g/次,2次/d,口服,2周一疗程。结果观察组患儿痊愈率为66.67%,显著高于对照组的33.33%(χ2=10.00,P0.01)。观察组患儿总有效率为97.78%,显著高于对照组的73.33%(χ2=10.88,P0.01)。治疗后随访6个月观察组患儿总复发率显著低于对照组(χ2=14.01,P0.01)。结论布拉酵母联合制霉菌素对婴幼儿鹅口疮具有良好的临床疗效,患儿复发率低。     

合生元益生菌冲剂对雪口病临床疗效的观察

目的 观察2％碳酸氢钠、制霉菌素联合合生元益生菌冲剂治疗婴幼儿雪口病的临床疗效和和复发情况.方法 70例雪口病患儿随机分为两组,对照组仅给予2％碳酸氢钠漱口和制霉菌素,试验组在此基础上口服合生元益生菌冲剂.结果 试验组有效率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),复发率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 2％碳酸氢钠、制霉菌素配合合生元益生菌冲剂治疗婴幼儿雪口病效果显著.     

合生元益生菌冲剂对提高儿童消化道黏膜免疫的作用

目的探讨健康儿童口服法国合生元益生菌冲剂后的唾液中sIgA(分泌型IgA)含量的变化,从而判定其对提高消化道黏膜免疫的作用。方法选择正常健康儿童28例,根据年龄分为4组,其中从每组随机抽出1或者2例作为对照组,对照组共为7例,而试验组则为21例。收集口服合生元益生菌冲剂前后正常健康儿童唾液标本经放射免疫分析法检测sIgA的含量。结果对照组儿童之间唾液sIgA分泌量差异较大,个体的唾液sIgA水平会随着身体健康状况和饮食条件等呈不稳定情况,而试验组儿童的唾液sIgA分泌量在连续口服益生菌冲剂6天后有了一个新的提高,并在继续服用益生菌冲剂的7天内获得比较高而稳定的水平。结论口服法国合生元益生菌冲剂可有效诱导消化道黏膜免疫应答,提高并维持儿童的免疫力。     

金双歧治疗婴幼儿厌食症疗效观察

目的 观察金双歧治疗婴幼儿厌食症的临床疗效.方法 将75例厌食症患儿随机分成对照组(n=35)和治疗组(n=40),对照组采用小儿康颗粒治疗,治疗组用金双歧治疗.连续治疗6周后,对两组疗效进行比较.结果 治疗组总有效率为77.5％,对照组为60.0％,两组比较差异有统计学意义(x2=4.1401,P＜O.05).结论 金双歧治疗婴幼儿厌食症疗效较好,安全性高,无不良反应,且易被广大家长及患儿接受,值得临床推广应用.     

金双歧治疗婴幼儿病毒性腹泻疗效观察

目的观察和评价金双歧(双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片)治疗婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的临床疗效。方法将160例婴幼儿病毒性腹泻患儿随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组100例,服用金双歧片,对照组60例,服用蒙脱石散治疗,观察疗效和不良反应。结果观察组总有效率为92%,对照组总有效率为75%,2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论金双歧治疗婴幼儿病毒性腹泻疗效显著,且未见不良反应。     

益生菌对婴幼儿肺炎并发腹泻的治疗作用

目的　探讨益生菌对婴幼儿肺炎并发腹泻的治疗作用。方法　回顾分析6 5例婴幼儿肺炎并发腹泻患儿,使用益生菌+黏膜保护剂(治疗组4 9例)及单用黏膜保护剂(对照组16例)对腹泻的治疗效果。所有患儿均行大便常规及轮状病毒检测,大便常规正常,轮状病毒阴性。结果　治疗组及对照组在肺炎出现腹泻时间、腹泻后开始治疗时间及重型腹泻所占比例上差异无显著性( P>0 .0 5 )。治疗组有效率为98% ,明显高于对照组的75 %。结论　益生菌联合黏膜保护剂治疗婴幼儿肺炎并发腹泻,疗效高,值得推广。     

1例制霉菌素治疗小儿鹅口疮不良反应分析

目的:探讨制霉菌素用于婴幼儿鹅口疮的不良反应;方法:观察患儿在用药过程中的反应情况;结果:发生呕吐胃内容物一次,偶见恶心干呕;结论:长期应用制霉菌素治疗小儿鹅口疮可能会造成婴幼儿胃肠道不适等不良反应。     

双歧杆菌三联活菌联合消旋卡多曲口腔崩解片治疗病毒性肠炎患儿的临床观察

目的:探讨双歧杆菌三联活菌联合消旋卡多曲口腔崩解片治疗小儿病毒性肠炎的疗效和安全性。方法:选择我院2013年10月至2014年4月间收治的病毒性肠炎患儿160例,通过随机数字表法分为对照组(n=80)和治疗组(n=80),对照组给予喜炎平静脉滴注和口服双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊,治疗组在对照组的基础上,给予消旋卡多曲口腔崩解片,观察两组患儿疗效、治疗顺应性、症状恢复时间及不良反应情况。结果:治疗组患儿总有效率、总配合率为96.25%和95%,显著低于对照组的87.5%和83.75%,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05),治疗组止泻时间、退热时间和呕吐消失时间均显著短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(均P0.01),两组患儿不良反应发生率分别为3.75%和2.5%,差异没有统计学意义(P=0.650)。结论:双歧杆菌三联活菌联合消旋卡多曲口腔崩解片治疗小儿病毒性肠炎,疗效确切可靠,不良反应发生率低,可改善患儿预后,促进恢复,值得临床推广。     

益生菌联合三联疗法治疗小儿幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎的疗效及对炎性因子的影响

摘要 目的：探讨益生菌联合三联疗法治疗小儿幽门螺杆菌（HP）相关性胃炎的疗效及对炎性因子的影响。方法：选取2017年1月~2018年6月期间我院收治的HP相关性胃炎患儿93例,根据乱数表法将患儿分为研究组（n=47）、对照组（n=46）,对照组患儿给予三联疗法治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合益生菌治疗,比较两组患儿临床疗效、临床症状总评分、炎性因子、HP根除率、不良反应发生率及复发率。结果：治疗1个月后,研究组的临床总有效率为87.23%（41/47）,高于对照组的69.57%（32/46）（P<0.05）。两组治疗2周后、1个月后的临床症状总评分及治疗1个月后血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白介素-6（IL-6）水平均下降（P＜0.05）,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组HP根除率高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率及复发率比较无差异（P>0.05）。结论：益生菌联合三联疗法治疗小儿HP相关性胃炎的疗效确切,可改善患儿的临床症状,降低炎性因子水平,且用药安全性较好。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism