Chinchilla "big" and "little" gastrins

Gastrin heptadecapeptides (gastrins I and II which differ in the presence of sulfate on the tyrosine of the latter) have been purified and sequenced from several mammalian species including pig, dog, cat, sheep, cow, human and rat. A 34 amino acid precursor ("big" gastrin), generally accounting for only 5% of total gastrin immunoreactivity, has been purified and sequenced only from the pig, human, dog and goat. Recently we have demonstrated that guinea pig (GP) "little" gastrin is a hexadecapeptide due to a deletion of a glutamic acid in the region 6-9 from its NH2-terminus and that GP "big" gastrin is a 33 amino acid peptide. The chinchilla, like the GP, is a New World hystricomorph. This report describes the extraction and purification of "little" and "big" gastrins from 31 chinchilla antra. Chinchilla "little" gastrin is a hexadecapeptide with a sequence identical to that of the GP and its "big" gastrin is a 33 amino acid peptide with the following sequence: (See text)     

大熊猫团团圆圆

2008年12月23日,备受关注的大熊猫团团圆圆正式从中国保护大熊猫研究中心（以下简称研究中心）雅安碧峰峡基地出发,前往台北市立动物园定居。从中央政府宣布赠台大熊猫开始,历时3年半,经历了重重考验的团团圆圆终于成行,在2008年岁末之际画上了圆满的句号。     

对"扩散"和"渗透"的讨论

自由扩散和协助扩散都是可自由运动的微粒通过热运动而发生的2种过膜扩散．生物体内的渗透是自由水通过生物膜的协助扩散。     

生态学的“教”与“做”的教学模式探讨

根据高等师范院校培养具有创新知识和创新能力的新型人才的办学宗旨．从本校生态学课程开设理论教学学时数少、实验教学刚起步的实情出发,结合生态学基础性强、研究范围广、应用范围宽的学科特点,阐述了在生态学教学中,为了营造良好的生态学学习情境、激发学生的学习兴趣,教师为“教”所进行的筛选课程内容、改进教学方法和构建新的实验体系与培养学生探究应用能力即“做”的教学模式探讨与体会。     

Distinguishing "or" from "and" and the case for historical identification

The adequacy of a probabilistic interpretation must be judged according to the nature of the event, or thing, being inferred. For example, conditional (frequency) probability is not admissible in the inference of phylogeny, because basic statements of common ancestry do not fulfill the requirements of the relations specified by the probability calculus. The probabilities of the situation peculiar to the time and place of origin of species are unique. Moreover, according to evolutionary theory, an event of species diversification is necessarily unique, because species are parts of a replicator continuum—species arise from ancestral species. Also, these probabilities cannot be ascertained, because the relevant situation cannot be repeated—it is unique. Finally, the applicability of conditional (frequency) probability is denied, because events of common ancestry have already occurred—there is nothing to predict. However, hypotheses of species relationships can be identified objectively according to the degree to which they have survived simultaneous testing with critical evidence, not with generally confirming evidence. The most parsimonious hypothesis of species relationships represents the least disconfirmed, best supported, proposition among the alternatives being compared. That hypothesis does not, however, deserve any special epistemological status beyond serving as the focus of the next round of testing.     

野生生物、野生动植物和野生来源的定义及范畴

关于野生生物、野生动植物和野生来源的定义是科学研究、物种保护和政策管理工作 ,特别是野生动植物立法和执法方面经常遇到的问题。对见于各种法规和文献中的野生生物、野生动植物、野生来源、人工繁殖、人工培植、天然、人工合成等概念的定义进行了分类、比较与分析 ,讨论了这些概念的相对性和使用范畴 ,提出了野生动植物的简要定义 ,并指出了这些概念的定义需根据实际需要而发展调整。