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Genetic characterization of hemagglutinin protein of measles viruses in Hokkaido district,Japan, 2006–2015 下载免费PDF全文
Masahiro Miyoshi Rika Komagome Hiroki Yamaguchi Setsuko Ishida Hideki Nagano Motohiko Okano 《Microbiology and immunology》2018,62(6):411-417
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Mumps virus (MuV) strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and throat swabs from patients in Saitama Prefecture and Tokyo, Japan, from 1997 to 2000 were examined by analyzing the SH gene nucleotide sequence (316-nt). Eighteen of the 20 strains studied were divided into three genotypes, recognized as B, G, and H in previous reports. Two genotypes (G and H) are believed to be new in Japan. Two of the 20 strains belonged to none of the previously reported genotypes (A-I), but were closely related to two known strains, MP94-H and Loug1/UK97. We propose that the two strains identified in this study together with the previously reported strains, MP94-H and Loug1/UK97, form a new genotype, designated J, based on the divergence of the SH gene nucleotide sequences between these four strains and other strains reported (genotypes A-I). Our results also suggest that more than two genotypes circulated in Saitama Prefecture from 1997 to 1999, but only one, genotype G, was in evidence in 2000. Genotype B was earlier reported as the predominant strain in Japan, but it became undetectable by the year 2000. These results provide important epidemiological data on mumps in Japan. 相似文献
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Furukawa K Ayata M Kimura M Seto T Matsunaga I Murata R Yamano T Ogura H 《Microbiology and immunology》2001,45(1):59-68
Most subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) viruses, including our Osaka-1, -2, and -3 strains isolated in Osaka, have shown negative hemadsorption (HAD) by African green monkey red blood cells. This property has been thought to be characteristic of SSPE virus as compared to the positive reaction of the standard Edmonston strain of measles virus (MV). However, this assumption has become quite obscure because MV mutates frequently at the genetic level during its multiplication and also because recent field strains isolated by lymphoblastoid cell lines have shown negative HAD. To investigate the above issue, the nucleotide sequences of the hemagglutinin (H) genes from SSPE virus Osaka-1, -2, or -3 strains were compared to those of various MV field strains isolated in Osaka by Vero cells. The H gene sequences of three SSPE strains were relatively conserved without such biased hypermutation as had been observed in the matrix (M) gene of three SSPE strains. However, this analysis of the H gene sequence of the SSPE viruses enabled us to deduce possible progenitor MVs, which are in agreement with the deduction from the M gene analysis we reported previously. The HAD of Vero cells transfected with the cloned H cDNAs from the SSPE strains and their progenitors suggested that negative HAD of the SSPE viruses has been maintained as one of original properties of the progenitor MVs rather than having been acquired as an altered one during long-term persistent infection in the brains of patients with SSPE. 相似文献
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Studies on live rubella vaccine. V. Quantitative aspects of interference between rubella, measles and mumps viruses in their trivalent vaccine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rubella vaccine combined with measles and mumps vaccines was administered in a single injection to children of 1 to 5 years of age. All three vaccines were serologically effective, and the clinical reactions caused by measles vaccine were considerably alleviated, when 6 x 10(3) PFU of rubella and 10(4) TCD50 per dose of mumps vaccines were combined with 5 x 10(4) TCD50 of measles vaccine. When a larger amount of mumps vaccine (3 x 10(5) TCD50/dose) was used, it caused interference with the rubella and measles viruses, i.e., the antibody response to rubella virus became poor and the incidence of clinical reactions to measles virus decreased. On the other hand, when 5 x 10(5) TCD50/dose of measles vaccine was combined with 10(4) TCD50/dose of mumps vaccine, the clinical reactions to measles virus were decreased but were almost the same as those induced by this vaccine alone. 相似文献
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Although MV infection causes lymphopenia and degradation of cell‐mediated immunity, the mechanisms are poorly known. MV interacts with cellular receptors which mediate virus binding and uptake and are on the surface of PBMC. In this study, apoptosis of MV‐infected PBMC in vitro was analyzed. Both PBMC treated with UV‐inactivated viruses and those infected with live MV underwent apoptosis. Apoptosis of wild‐type MV‐infected PBMC was blocked by anti‐SLAM and anti‐MV hemagglutinin antibodies, respectively. Furthermore, addition of soluble MV hemagglutinin recombinant protein induced apoptosis in PBMC. These data suggest that induction of apoptosis in MV‐infected PBMC is triggered by interaction between hemagglutinin protein of MV and receptor, without other viral components. To further determine the mechanisms of apoptosis, caspase activity was analyzed by Western blotting. Wild‐type virus Yonekawa strain‐induced apoptosis was blocked by pretreatment with pan‐caspase inhibitor (Z‐VAD‐fmk). Intriguingly, the laboratory‐adapted Nagahata strain‐induced apoptosis was not blocked by Z‐VAD‐fmk, indicating that there may be different apoptosis pathways which depend on the viral receptors, SLAM and CD46. Both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, including activation of caspase‐3, ‐8 and ‐9, are involved in Yonekawa strain‐induced apoptosis. Taken together, the findings of this study could open up a new avenue for understanding the molecular mechanisms of MV‐induced PBMC apoptosis and immunosuppression. 相似文献
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D Fedová M Br?cková V Plesník D Slonim J Sejda E Svandová I Kubínová 《Journal of hygiene, epidemiology, microbiology, and immunology》1987,31(4):409-422
A group of 251 children aged 2-3 years given live attenuated mumps virus vaccine PAVIVAC of Czechoslovak production were tested for antiparotitis antibody levels in pre- and postvaccination sera by neutralization test (NT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and sensitive hemagglutination inhibition test, enhanced by heterologous antibody to human immunoglobulin G (E-HIT). The prevaccination findings were as follows: positive ELISA IgG titres, neutralization antibodies and hemagglutination inhibition antibodies were present in, respectively, 35%, 25.9% and 27.9% of the sera. Postvaccination seroconversions were evaluated in 159 susceptible vaccinees whose prevaccination sera had been negative by all three tests. The lowest seroconversion was detected by NT (74.2%), seroconversions by ELISA and E-HIT were appreciably higher (82.4% and 86.8%, respectively). The seven children showing a seroconversion by E-HIT but not by ELISA had a 4 fold increase of anti-mumps ELISA IgG antibodies as well, but the rise of antibody titres was at a level falling in the range below the positivity criterion for ELISA. The statistically evaluated detection rate for antibodies was significantly higher (significance test "t") by ELISA as compared with neutralization test. However, antibody levels (geometric mean titres) were 8-10 times lower in postvaccination sera than in convalescent sera of 30 children with mumps in all three tests. 相似文献
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Aims: To develop a colorimetric colony‐screening assay to facilitate the isolation of micro‐organisms capable of defluorination. Methods and Results: A metal‐dye chelate, zirconium‐xylenol orange was used to detect fluoride ions released from a fluorinated substrate through microbial metabolism. Depolymerised zirconium reagent gave the greatest visual contrast for the presence of fluoride compared to more polymerised forms of zirconium reagent. The sensitivity of the assay was greatest when the molar ratio of depolymerised zirconium to xylenol orange was 1 : 2. Using depolymerised zirconium and xylenol orange (150 and 300 nmol l?1 respectively), the assay could detect a fluoride application spot (5 mmol l?1) containing 50 nmoles of fluoride ions. Most media constituents were well tolerated by the assay, although phosphate ions needed to be restricted to 0·1 g l?1 and some proteins digest to between 1 and 5 g l?1. A microbial enrichment culture growing on solidified medium containing 20 mmol l?1 fluoroacetate was screened using the assay, and defluorinating bacteria belonging to the genus Burkholderia isolated. Conclusions: A method was developed that is sensitive, rapid and reliable for detecting defluorination by micro‐organisms growing on solidified medium. Significance and Impact of the Study: This method can be used to facilitate the isolation of micro‐organisms capable of defluorination. 相似文献
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Differential induction of type I interferons in macaques by wild‐type measles virus alone or with the hemagglutinin protein of the Edmonston vaccine strain 下载免费PDF全文
Nguyen Van Nguyen Sei‐ich Kato Kyosuke Nagata Kaoru Takeuchi 《Microbiology and immunology》2016,60(7):501-505
Measles vaccines are highly effective and safe; however, the mechanism(s) underlying their attenuation has not been well understood. In this study, type I IFNs (IFN‐α and IFN‐β) induction in macaques infected with measles virus (MV) strains was examined. Type I IFNs were not induced in macaques infected with wild‐type MV. However, IFN‐α was sharply induced in most macaques infected with recombinant wild‐type MV bearing the hemagglutinin (H) protein of the Edmonston vaccine strain. These results indicate that the H protein of MV vaccine strains may have a role in MV attenuation. 相似文献
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Rozner S Kolusheva S Cohen Z Dowhan W Eichler J Jelinek R 《Analytical biochemistry》2003,319(1):96-104
We describe applications of a colorimetric assay based on supramolecular assemblies of lipid-polydiacetylene vesicles for analysis and screening of membrane interactions of lipophilic enzymes, peptides, and ions and for study of the effects of lipid composition upon membrane properties. The lipid-polymer aggregates undergo visible and quantifiable blue-to-red transitions following interfacial interactions and perturbation by varied biochemical processes. Specifically, we show that the colorimetric assay can be tuned for selective detection of enzymes reacting with different lipid species. The experiments also demonstrate that the lipid/polymer platform facilitates screening of peptide-membrane interactions in multicomponent mixtures. The colorimetric vesicles can incorporate lipid species from different cellular sources facilitating analysis of the contribution of molecular components to membrane properties and lipid interactions. 相似文献
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目的了解潍坊市健康人群麻疹、风疹、流行性腮腺炎血清抗体水平,为消除麻疹、控制风疹及腮腺炎疫情提供依据。方法 2011年8月,采集昌乐、潍城2个县区<2、2~5、5~8、8~11、11~15、15~20、20~40、>40岁健康人群血标本,应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎IgG抗体。结果检测总数320人,其中昌乐县健康人群的麻疹抗体阳性率为98.75%、潍城为96.25%;风疹抗体阳性率昌乐县健康人群为89.38%、潍城区为91.88%。昌乐、潍城两地区健康人群麻疹、风疹的抗体阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ2=1.15、0.59,P>0.05);昌乐县健康人群腮腺炎抗体阳性率为84.38%、潍城区健康人群为66.25%,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.14,P<0.01);8组不同年龄健康人群的麻疹抗体阳性率为92.50%~100%,风疹抗体阳性率为87.50%~92.50%,腮腺炎抗体阳性率为67.50%~85.00%,各年龄组间均无统计学意义(χ2=13.49、1.58、5.23,P>0.05)。结论潍坊市麻疹抗体阳性率较高,风疹、腮腺炎抗体阳性率相对偏低,今后须要积极开展学龄儿童麻腮风三联疫苗的查漏补种工作。 相似文献
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A novel colorimetric assay of β‐D‐glucans in basidiomycete strains by alcian blue dye in a 96‐well microtiter plate 下载免费PDF全文
Basidiomycete strains synthesize several types of β‐d ‐glucans, which play a major role in the medicinal properties of mushrooms. Therefore, the specific quantification of these β‐d ‐glucans in mushroom strains is of great biochemical importance. Because published assay methods for these β‐d ‐glucans present some disadvantages, a novel colorimetric assay method for β‐d ‐glucan with alcian blue dye was developed. The complex formation was detected by following the decrease in absorbance in the range of 620 nm and by hypsochromic shift from 620 to 606 nm (~14 nm) in UV‐Vis spectrophotometer. Analysis of variance was used for optimization of the slope of the calibration curve by using the assay mixture containing 0.017% (w/v) alcian blue in 2% (v/v) acetic acid at pH 3.0. The high‐throughput colorimetric assay method on microtiter plates was used for quantification of β‐d ‐glucans in the range of 0–0.8 μg, with a slope of 44.15 × 10?2 and a limit of detection of 0.017 μg/well. Recovery experiments were carried out by using a sample of Hericium erinaceus, which exhibited a recovery of 95.8% for β‐1,3‐d ‐glucan. The present assay method exhibited a 10‐fold higher sensitivity and a 59‐fold lower limit of detection compared with the published method with congo red. β‐d ‐glucans of several mushrooms strains were isolated from fruiting bodies and mycelia, and they were quantified by this assay method. This assay method is fast, specific, simple, and it can be used to quantify β‐d ‐glucans from other biological sources. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:1526–1535, 2015 相似文献
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Chao Huang Qiaozhen Wei Qiushi Hu Tian Wen Lei Xue Shuang Li Xiaoyan Zeng Fengjuan Shi Yongjun Jiao Lei Zhou 《Luminescence》2019,34(2):162-167
In this study, an up‐converting phosphor technology‐based lateral‐flow (UPT‐LF) assay was developed to detect severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) total antibodies rapidly and specifically. SFTSV recombinant N protein (SFTSV‐rNP) was coated on analytical membrane for sample capture, up‐converting phosphor (UCP) particles were used as the reporter, the luminescence emitted by UCP particles was converted to a measurable signal by a biosensor. The performance of UPT‐LF assay was evaluated by testing 302 field serum samples by ELISA (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay), Western blotting and UPT‐LF assay. UPT‐LF assay exhibited a lower detection limit than ELISA, and a satisfied level of agreement was exhibited by Kappa statistics (Kappa coefficient = 0.938). Considering Western blotting as the reference for comparison, the sensitivity and specificity of UPT‐LF assay could reach 98.31% and 100%. UPT‐LF assay showed no specific reaction with hantavirus total serum antibodies, which avoids the misdiagnosis of SFTSV from hantavirus that could cause similar clinical symptoms. UPT‐LF assay was able to achieve acceptable results within 15 min and needed only 10 μL sample for each test. As a whole, UPT‐LF assay is a candidate method for on‐site surveillance of SFTSV total antibodies owing to its excellent sensitivity, specificity, stability, easy operation and for being less time consuming. 相似文献
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Evaluation of consistency in quantification of gene copy number by real‐time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and virus titer by plaque‐forming assay for human respiratory syncytial virus 下载免费PDF全文
Keisuke Yamamoto Noriko Ogasawara Soh Yamamoto Kenichi Takano Tsukasa Shiraishi Toyotaka Sato Hiroyuki Tsutsumi Tetsuo Himi Shin‐ichi Yokota 《Microbiology and immunology》2018,62(2):90-98
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