miR-155对人椎间盘退变髓核细胞凋亡的作用及机制研究

目的:探讨mi R-155对人椎间盘退变髓核细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法:首先构建慢病毒表达载体,在293T细胞中获得重组慢病毒,然后感染椎间盘退变髓核细胞得到稳定过表达细胞系,同时设置空载体和空白细胞组对照。用荧光显微镜观察慢病毒载体的标签蛋白GFP的表达,分别提取三组细胞总RNA,采用RT-q PCR方法检测mi R-155的表达;通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,Western-Blot检测细胞中凋亡相关蛋白FADD、Caspase-3、Bcl-2及Bax的表达,JC-1试剂盒检测细胞线粒体膜电位的变化情况。结果:在荧光显微镜下,经慢病毒感染的过表达细胞系和空载体细胞系均出现绿色荧光,而空白细胞组未见绿色荧光;RT-qPCR结果显示构建的稳定过表达细胞系(GV369-miR-155-NP)中mi R-155的表达水平较高,且与空载体细胞系及空白细胞对照组均呈显著性差异(P0.05);与空载体组(GV369-NP)及空白细胞对照组相比,过表达组(GV369-miR-155-NP)细胞凋亡率显著降低(P0.05),FADD、Caspase-3、Bax的表达水平均明显下降,而Bcl-2表达水平显著增加(P0.05)。结论:mi R-155可能通过靶向结合Caspase-3和FADD阻止FasL-Fas途径或通过线粒体途径抑制人椎间盘退变髓核细胞凋亡。     

三氧化二砷对人胃腺癌细胞株SGC-7901细胞核及线粒体作用的实验研究

目的:研究三氧化二砷(As203)对人胃腺癌细胞株SGC-7901的生物效应及其对线粒体和半胱氨酸蛋白酶家族-3(caspase-3)的作用.方法:通过MTT比色实验检测不同浓度As2O3对该细胞株的生长抑制作用;经Hoechst 33258染色后用荧光显微镜观察细胞核的形态变化;经过细胞线粒体膜电位检测区分凋亡细胞与正常细胞,并经流式细胞仪分析;caspase-3吸光度检测法测定As2O3组caspase-3的活化程度.结果:As2O3明显抑制SGC-7901人胃腺癌细胞的生长,抑制作用的强度呈时间依赖性(方差分析,P<0.01);Hoechst 33258染色后荧光显微镜观察细胞核固缩碎裂边集呈强蓝色荧光;线粒体膜电位检测法,流式细胞仪检测法,caspase-3吸光度检测法均检测到胃腺癌细胞的凋亡.结论:As2O3破坏线粒体跨膜电位和激活caspase-3活性可能是As2O3诱导人胃腺癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡的重要机制.     

NDRG1基因过表达对胆囊癌GBS-SD细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

为了探讨N-myc下游调节基因1 (NDRG1)过表达对胆囊癌细胞系GBS-SD细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡的影响及其可能的分子机制,本研究采用脂质体介导的重组真核表达质粒pEGFP-NDRG1-N3瞬时转染人胆囊癌GBS-SD细胞,Western blotting检测NDRG1蛋白的表达;MTT比色法和流式细胞术分别检测细胞增殖和细胞周期;Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭和迁移能力。GBS-SD细胞转染pEGFP-NDRG1-N3重组质粒后经表阿霉素(0.4μg/mL)诱导其凋亡,采用Hoechst 33258染色和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡;Western blotingt检测Bcl-2、Cleaved caspase-3和Bid蛋白的表达。MTT检测显示,NDRG1过表达组细胞在48 h和72 h的增殖速度均显著高于空载组和对照组(p0.05)。Transwell检测显示,与对照组和空载组相比,NDRG1过表达组细胞的侵袭和迁移能力明显增强。Hoechst 33258染色和流式细胞仪检测显示,经表阿霉素诱导细胞凋亡后,空载组细胞的凋亡率最高,NDRG1过表达组细胞的凋亡率低于空载组,但显著高于对照组。Western blotting检测显示,与对照组和空载组相比,NDRG1过表达组细胞中Bcl-2的表达明显上调,而Cleaved caspase-3和Bid的表达明显下调。本研究表明NDRG1基因过表达可显著促进胆囊癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭并抑制其凋亡,其分子机制可能是上调的NDRG1基因能有效调节与细胞凋亡相关基因的表达,从而发挥其介导作用。因此,NDRG1基因可能成为胆囊癌研究中一个新的治疗靶点。     

CircRNA ANKRD36靶向miR-127-5p调控脓毒症血管内皮细胞凋亡和氧化应激的分子机制研究

为了探讨CircRNA ANKRD36对脓毒症血管内皮细胞凋亡和氧化应激的影响及可能机制,该研究将CircRNA ANKRD36小干扰RNA、miR-127-5p模拟物或CircRNA ANKRD36小干扰RNA和miR-127-5p抑制剂转染至人脐静脉血管内皮细胞中,然后用1.0 μg/mL LPS干预转染后的细胞24 h,RT-qPCR法检测细胞中CircRNA ANKRD36和miR-127-5p的表达情况,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,蛋白印迹法检测细胞中Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达水平,DCFH-DA探针法检测ROS水平,硫代巴比妥酸法检测细胞中MDA含量,黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测细胞中SOD活性。此外,用双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证了CircRNA ANKRD36和miR-127-5p的调控关系。结果显示,LPS可促进血管内皮细胞中CircRNA ANKRD36的表达(P0.05),而抑制miR-127-5p表达(P0.05);下调CircRNA ANKRD36或上调miR-127-5p可降低LPS诱导的血管内皮细胞凋亡率、细胞中Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达水平、ROS水平及MDA含量(P0.05),提高细胞中SOD活性(P0.05)。CircRNA ANKRD36可靶向结合并负调控miR-127-5p。下调miR-127-5p可逆转下调CircRNA ANKRD36对LPS诱导的血管内皮细胞凋亡及氧化应激的影响。这提示,下调CircRNA ANKRD36可能通过靶向上调miR-127-5p抑制LPS诱导的血管内皮细胞凋亡及氧化应激反应,CircRNA ANKRD36/miR-127-5p轴可能为脓毒症的治疗提供了新的分子靶点。     

新狼毒素A诱导人黑色素瘤A375细胞凋亡的机制研究

为探讨新狼毒素A抑制人黑色素瘤A375细胞增殖及诱导凋亡的作用。本实验采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测新狼毒素A对人黑色素瘤A375细胞增殖的影响,Hoechst33258法观察细胞形态,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率和线粒体膜电位,Westernblot检测凋亡相关蛋白表达。结果显示新狼毒素A以时间剂量依赖性的方式显著抑制A375细胞的增殖;不同浓度新狼毒素A(0、15、30、45μmol/L)作用于A375细胞48h后细胞出现显著凋亡特征,新狼毒素A增加A375细胞的凋亡率且降低了线粒体膜电位,上调Bax、caspase-3和细胞色素C(CytochromeC)蛋白的表达,下调Bcl-2蛋白的表达。以上结果说明新狼毒素A抑制A375细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,其机制可能与诱导线粒体途径的凋亡有关。     

中药臭灵丹中3, 5-二羟基-6, 7, 3′, 4′-四甲氧基黄酮对人鼻咽癌CNE细胞凋亡的影响及机制

中药臭灵丹中黄酮类化合物3,5-二羟基-6,7,3′,4′-四甲氧基黄酮(3,5-hydroxy-6,7,3′,4′-tetramethoxyflavone,HTMF)体外对多种肿瘤细胞有抑增殖作用,但机制尚未完全清楚.为探讨HTMF对人鼻咽癌CNE细胞凋亡的影响,用MTT法检测HTMF对CNE细胞株的增殖抑制率,倒置显微镜观察HTMF作用于CNE细胞后细胞形态变化,Hoechst 33258荧光染色观察细胞核形态的变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡率,Western blot法检测凋亡蛋白Caspase3和Caspase9的变化,流式细胞仪检测线粒体跨膜电位(△准m)值的改变,并用JC-1荧光染料染色,激光共聚焦显微镜观察线粒体膜电位变化.结果显示,分离自臭灵丹的HTMF呈浓度、时间双重依赖性显著抑制CNE细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,引起线粒体膜电位下降及凋亡蛋白Caspase3和Caspase9的活化.提示:3,5-二羟基-6,7,3′,4′-四甲氧基黄酮对人鼻咽癌CNE细胞的生长有显著的抑制作用,并可通过降低线粒体膜电位激活Caspase9,进而活化Caspase3诱导CNE细胞凋亡.     

细胞色素c在后处理抗大鼠肠缺血-再灌注损伤细胞凋亡中的变化

本文旨在研究细胞色素c在后处理抗大鼠肠缺血-再灌注损伤细胞凋亡中的变化。将Sprague-Dawley大鼠32只随机分为4组(n=8):假手术(Sham)组、缺血-再灌注(I/R)组、缺血预处理(IPC)组、缺血后处理(IPOST)组。应用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜检测各组大鼠肠黏膜细胞线粒体跨膜电位的变化。用Western blot方法检测肠黏膜细胞线粒体内细胞色素c及caspase-3表达的变化。末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)和DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法检测大鼠肠黏膜细胞凋亡发生情况。实验结果显示,与缺血-再灌注组相比,缺血后处理组大鼠肠黏膜细胞线粒体跨膜电位显著升高(P0.05),线粒体内细胞色素c蛋白表达水平显著增加(P0.05),caspase-3蛋白表达降低(P0.05),细胞凋亡率明显降低(P0.05)。缺血后处理组与缺血预处理组相比各项指标差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。上述结果提示缺血后处理可通过阻止线粒体释放细胞色素c抑制凋亡发生,减轻大鼠肠缺血-再灌注损伤。     

双氢青蒿素对Raji细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的：研究双氢青蒿素（DHA）对Raji细胞放射敏感性的影响并探讨其作用机制。方法：CCK8测定DHA对Raji细胞活力的影响,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡、胞内ROS及线粒体膜电位,Western blot检测AKT、p-AKT、Bcl-2、Bax和Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达量。结果：实验分为对照组、DHA组（5 μmol/L DHA）、放射组（4 Gy γ射线）、联合放射组（5 μmol/L DHA和4 Gy γ射线）,与其他3组相比,联合放射组Raji细胞的线粒体膜电位显著降低（P<0.01）,胞内ROS含量和凋亡率显著升高（P<0.01）;此外,Raji细胞AKT表达量与其他3组相比无明显差异,但AKT的磷酸化受到抑制;Bcl-2表达量显著降低,而Bax、Cleaved-Caspase-3表达量显著升高。结论：DHA可能通过抑制磷酸肌醇3-激酶（PI3K-AKT）信号通路及激活了Raji细胞的线粒体凋亡途径,引起氧化应激反应,从而增加Raji细胞对放射的敏感性。     

缺氧条件下GC-1细胞凋亡的作用机制研究

以小鼠精原细胞系GC-1细胞为研究对象,探讨缺氧条件下GC-1细胞凋亡潜在的分子机制。首先,采用CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8)法检测不同缺氧时间处理下的细胞活力,以确定细胞缺氧损伤的时间;然后,通过化学荧光法检测GC-1细胞中活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)的含量,采用JC-1法检测线粒体的膜电位,采用比色法检测ATP的含量,采用线粒体荧光探针法检测线粒体的数量与分布,并采用透射电镜观察细胞的超微结构;最后,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测线粒体信号通路相关基因胱天蛋白酶(caspase)-3、caspase-9、细胞色素c (cytochrome c, Cyt-c)、Bax和Bcl-2的m RNA表达水平。结果显示,缺氧36 h后,细胞活力为(60.36±5.40)%,符合后续实验需求;在缺氧条件下, GC-1细胞中的ROS含量显著增加, ATP含量显著下降,线粒体膜电位下降、数量减少,同时细胞中促凋亡相关基因的表达水平上调,抗凋亡因子Bcl-2的基因表达水平下调。实验结果初步表明,缺氧可导致GC-1细胞线粒体功能障碍, ROS/线...     

曲古霉素A抑制肺癌细胞增殖的分子机制

目的:探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古霉素A(trichostatin A,TSA)对人非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)A549细胞增殖抑制作用及机制.方法:以不同剂量TSA(0.1μM,0.5pM和1μM)处理A549细胞.MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,碘化丙啶(PI)染色结合流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,Westem blot法检测P21蛋白表达,流式细胞仪检测细胞线粒体膜电位和细胞凋亡.结果:TSA剂量依赖性抑制肺癌A549细胞增殖,表现为细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,同时P21蛋白表达增高;此外,TSA还可以剂量依赖性的促进A549细胞凋亡,伴有线粒体膜电位下降.结论:TSA促进NSCLCA549细胞周期阻滞和凋亡,从而抑制其增殖.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.