丹酚酸A对大鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤及抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的:探讨丹酚酸A对大鼠脑缺血/再灌注(cerebral ischemia/reperfusion,CI/R)损伤及抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法:采用大鼠脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral arteryocclusion,MCAO)2 h再灌注24 h模型。实验终末,检测脑梗死面积,脑水肿以及评价神经功能损伤,并进一步分析脑组织中三种抗氧化酶的活性水平。结果:与模型组相比,丹酚酸A组大鼠脑梗死面积显著减少(P0.05),水肿程度显著减轻(P0.05),神经功能学评分显著下降(P0.05)。模型组再灌注24 h后,SOD,GSH-PX及CAT活性显著下降(P0.05);丹酚酸A组SOD,GSH-PX及CAT活性则显著升高(P0.05)。结论:丹酚酸A对大鼠CI/R损伤具有保护作用,可能与CI/R损伤时的脑组织SOD,GSH-PX及CAT活性显著升高相关。     

丹酚酸A对大鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤及抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的：探讨丹酚酸A对大鼠脑缺血/再灌注（cerebral ischemia/reperfusion,CI/R）损伤及抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法：采用大鼠脑中动脉闭塞（middle cerebral arteryocclusion,MCAO）2 h再灌注24 h模型。实验终末,检测脑梗死面积,脑水肿以及评价神经功能损伤,并进一步分析脑组织中三种抗氧化酶的活性水平。结果：与模型组相比,丹酚酸A组大鼠脑梗死面积显著减少（P〈0.05）,水肿程度显著减轻（P〈0.05）,神经功能学评分显著下降（P〈0.05）。模型组再灌注24 h后,SOD,GSH-PX及CAT活性显著下降（P〈0.05）;丹酚酸A组SOD,GSH-PX及CAT活性则显著升高（P〈0.05）。结论：丹酚酸A对大鼠CI/R损伤具有保护作用,可能与CI/R损伤时的脑组织SOD,GSH-PX及CAT活性显著升高相关。     

The Coagulation Factor XIIa Inhibitor rHA-Infestin-4 Improves Outcome after Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Background and Purpose

Ischemic stroke provokes severe brain damage and remains a predominant disease in industrialized countries. The coagulation factor XII (FXII)-driven contact activation system plays a central, but not yet fully defined pathogenic role in stroke development. Here, we investigated the efficacy of the FXIIa inhibitor rHA-Infestin-4 in a rat model of ischemic stroke using both a prophylactic and a therapeutic approach.

Methods

For prophylactic treatment, animals were treated intravenously with 100 mg/kg rHA-Infestin-4 or an equal volume of saline 15 min prior to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) of 90 min. For therapeutic treatment, 100 mg/kg rHA-Infestin-4, or an equal volume of saline, was administered directly after the start of reperfusion. At 24 h after tMCAO, rats were tested for neurological deficits and blood was drawn for coagulation assays. Finally, brains were removed and analyzed for infarct area and edema formation.

Results

Within prophylactic rHA-Infestin-4 treatment, infarct areas and brain edema formation were reduced accompanied by better neurological scores and survival compared to controls. Following therapeutic treatment, neurological outcome and survival were still improved although overall effects were less pronounced compared to prophylaxis.

Conclusions

With regard to the central role of the FXII-driven contact activation system in ischemic stroke, inhibition of FXIIa may represent a new and promising treatment approach to prevent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.     

Eritoran对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的:观察eritoran对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤模型的.方法:建立SD大鼠缺血再灌注模型,给予eritoran治疗而对照组给予生理盐水治疗,观察各组的肾功能情况、肾组织光镜病理,并采用核糖核酸酶保护测定检测肾组织炎症因子/趋化因子的表达.结果:与模型组相比,eritoran预处理可显著改善大鼠的肾功能,减轻缺血再灌注引起的肾小管损伤,减轻肾组织病变,减少肾组织单核细胞浸润并下调多种炎症因子的表达(TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β和MCP-1).结论:本研究证实通过eritoran抑制Toll样受体4,可减轻大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤中的炎症反应,减轻肾脏缺血再灌注损伤,eritoran可望成为肾脏I/R损伤的新治疗手段.     

不同时机介入“醒脑开窍”针刺法对脑缺血再灌注大鼠SOD活性和MDA含量的影响

目的:观察不同时机介入“醒脑开窍”针刺法治疗对脑缺血再灌注模型大鼠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响.方法:将健康成年雄性SD大鼠按随机对照原则分为假手术组、模型组、3h针刺组、6h针刺组、药物组,采用线栓法制备脑缺血再灌注大鼠模型,模型制备成功后,针刺组分别于造模成功后3h、6h予以“醒脑开窍”针法治疗,药物组于在造模成功5h后予香丹注射液腹腔内注射,每日1次,治疗3次.治疗72 h后采集标本检测血清及脑组织中SOD的活性和MDA的含量.结果:与模型组比较,5h药物组血清SOD活性明显降低(P＜0.01),3h针刺组血清MDA的含量明显升高(P＜0.01);6h针刺组血清SOD活性高于3h针刺组和5h药物组(P＜0.01),而6h针刺组血清MDA含量、5h药物组血清SOD活性和MDA含量均显著低于3h针刺组(P＜0.01),6h针刺组血清SOD活性显著高于5h药物组(P＜0.01).3h针刺组脑组织SOD活性和5h药物组脑组织SOD活性及MDA含量均显著高于模型组(P＜0.01);与6h针刺组比较,3h针刺组脑组织SOD活性、5h药物组脑组织内SOD活性和MDA含量均显著升高(P＜0.01).结论:不同时机介入“醒脑开窍”针刺法可不同程度调节血清及脑组织SOD活性水平,增强氧自由基代谢,有效改善脑缺血再灌注引起的缺血性损伤,进而对损伤脑组织起到一定保护作用;且早期介入疗效更佳.     

线粒体分裂蛋白抑制剂在大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤中的作用及其机制

目的:观察线粒体分裂蛋白抑制剂在大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤中的作用,并初步探讨其在线粒体凋亡途径中的作用机制.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠48只,体重250～300 g,随机分为三组(n=16):假手术组(Sham组)、脑缺血再灌注组(I/R组)和mdivi-1预处理组(mdivi-1组),线栓法建立大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)模型,缺血2小时,再灌注24小时后应用流式细胞术检测神经元凋亡;Western blot法检测Cyt C蛋白的表达;RT-PCR法检测Cyt C mRNA的表达.结果:与Sham组比较,I/R组神经细胞凋亡率与CytC蛋白以及mRNA表达水平显著升高(P＜0.01).应用mdivi-1预处理后细胞凋亡率与CytC蛋白以及mRNA表达水平明显降低(P＜0.01).结论:线粒体分裂蛋白抑制剂可以明显减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤,其作用机制可能通过阻断线粒体-细胞色素C途径来抑制细胞凋亡.     

Inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 Ameliorates Neuronal Loss in the Ganglion Cell Layer of Rats in Retinal Ischemia/Reperfusion

It has been demonstrated that matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) is integrally involved in the neuronal degeneration of the central nervous system by promoting glial activation, neuronal apoptosis and damage to the brain–blood barrier. However, whether MMP3 also contributes to the neuronal degeneration induced by retinal ischemia/reperfusion is still uncertain. In the present study, we detected the cellular localization of MMP3 in adult rat retinae and explored the relationship of its expression with neuronal loss in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) in retinal ischemia/reperfusion. We found that MMP3 was widely expressed in many cells throughout the layers of the rat retinae, including Vertebrate neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN)-, parvalbumin-, calbindin-, protein kinase C-α-, glial fibrillary acidic protein-, glutamine synthetase- and CD11b-positive cells. Furthermore, all rats were treated with high intraocular pressure (HIOP) for 1 h (h) and sacrificed at 6 h, 1 day (d), 3 d, and 7 d after HIOP. Compared to the normal control, the expression of both proenzyme MMP3 and active MMP3 were significantly up-regulated after HIOP treatment without alteration of the laminar distribution pattern. Moreover, inhibiting MMP3 ameliorated the loss of NeuN-positive cells in the GCL following HIOP. In summary, our data demonstrates that MMP3 is expressed in multiple types of neurons and glial cells in normal rat retinae. Simultaneously, the up-regulation of its expression and activity are closely involved in neuronal loss in the GCL in retinal ischemia/reperfusion.     

大鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤后Beclin-1和LC3的表达及依达拉奉的干预作用

目的:检测大鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤模型中自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1和LC3在皮层和海马区表达以及依达拉奉的干预。方法:将SD大鼠(雄性)随机分为以下几组:假手术组、模型组、依达拉奉组。采用Zea Longa线栓法通过大脑中动脉阻塞2 h再灌注24 h制备脑缺血-再灌注模型,其中假手术组仅分离左侧颈总动脉。剂量为10 mg/kg的依达拉奉于再灌注前15 mim经腹腔注射。采用神经行为学评分评估大鼠脑神经损伤表现;TTC染色判断模型是否成功和脑部损伤程度;对大鼠神经元细胞进行HE染色,观察其在皮层和海马区的变化;免疫组化检测Beclin-1和LC3的表达。结果:脑缺血-再灌注24 h后,依达拉奉组神经行为学评分为(2.00±0.67),显著低于模型组的(2.50±0.53)(P0.05)。模型组大鼠脑部观察到梗死灶出现,皮层和海马区神经元受损伤,依达拉奉组上述症状减轻。皮层区假手术组、模型组、依达拉奉组的Beclin-1阳性表达率分别为(11.08±0.85)%、(33.42±1.57)%和(25.61±1.39)%,模型组与假手术组和依达拉奉组比较差异都有统计学意义(P0.05);海马区假手术组、模型组、依达拉奉组的Beclin-1阳性表达率分别为(10.34±0.21)%、(31.82±1.73)%和(22.74±1.26)%,模型组与假手术组和依达拉奉组比较差异都有统计学意义(P0.05)。皮层区LC3的阳性表达率分别为(15.33±0.47)%、(39.72±1.73)%和(28.53±1.61)%,模型组与假手术组和依达拉奉组比较差异都有统计学意义(P0.05);海马区LC3的阳性表达率分别为(13.74±0.37)%、(32.53±1.43)%和(25.38±1.23)%,模型组与假手术组和依达拉奉组比较差异都有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:脑缺血-再灌注后Beclin-1和LC3表达水平增加,而依达拉奉可能通过下调它们的表达减少自噬发生,减轻脑损伤。     

15-HETE参与的脑缺血再灌注损伤中p-ERK1/2表达变化的研究

目的:通过应用15-脂氧化酶(15-Lipoxygenase,15-LOX)抑制剂去甲二氢愈创木酸(nordihydroguaiaretic acid,NDGA)抑制15-羟基-二十碳四烯酸(15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid,15-HETE)的生成,观察缺血再灌注损伤中大鼠脑组织磷酸化细胞外信号调节酶(phosphor-extracellular signal-regulated kinase,p-ERK1/2)表达的变化,探讨p-ERK1/2在15-HETE参与的脑缺血再灌注损伤中的作用及其表达变化。方法:应用大脑中动脉线栓栓塞法(MCAO)制作大鼠脑梗死2小时再灌注模型。将大鼠随机分为三组:假手术组(sham组)、DMSO对照组、NDGA处理组。后两组再根据不同的灌注时间分为三个亚组:再灌注1小时组、再灌注6小时组、再灌注24小时组。采用TTC染色法检测再灌注24小时大鼠脑梗死体积;免疫印迹(Western blot)法测定梗死后再灌注不同时间点梗死核心区和梗死周围区的p-ERK1/2的表达。结果:假手术组仅有少量p-ERK1/2的表达。DMSO对照组梗死核心区p-ERK1/2的表达从梗死再灌注后1小时即开始逐渐升高(1.43±0.06),6小时达高峰(2.02±0.14),24小时有所下降(1.16±0.21),与假手术组(0.62±0.08)比较P值均0.01;梗死周围区p-ERK1/2表现出相同的变化趋势。与DMSO对照组比较,NDGA处理组大鼠脑梗死体积显著减小(20.10±0.12%vs 17.24±0.16%,P=0.009,P0.05),各时间点p-ERK1/2的表达均下降。与梗死核心区相比较,梗死周围区24小时仍可检测到较高含量的p-ERK1/2(1.16±0.21 vs 1.86±0.14),但梗死核心区表达相对较少。结论:脑缺血再灌注损伤中,p-ERK1/2的表达增加,说明p-ERK1/2参与其中;应用NDGA后,p-ERK1/2的表达降低,脑梗死体积减小,证实p-ERK1/2参与了15-HETE介导的脑缺血再灌注损伤,并在此过程中可能参与了细胞的凋亡。     

PEP-1 超氧化物歧化酶对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后Bcl-2 的影响

目的:观察细胞穿透肽-铜,锌超氧化物歧化酶(PEP-1-SOD1)预处理对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的改善作用及其脑保护机制。方法:线栓法建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血6h后再灌注损伤模型,进行神经行为评分,并通过HE染色在光镜下观察神经细胞损伤变化,免疫组化法检测B细胞淋巴瘤基因-2(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)蛋白的阳性表达。结果:盐水对照组(缺血再灌注组或模型组)神经障碍显著高于假手术组(P<0.05),与模型组相比,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组可降低神经障碍评分(P<0.05);光镜下,假手术组神经细胞结构正常,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组和缺血再灌注组均有不同程度的缺血再灌注损伤,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组较缺血再灌注组损伤轻;假手术组Bcl-2蛋白表达极弱,缺血再灌注组和PEP-1-SOD1预处理组在脑缺血再灌注后6h在缺血半暗带周围出现Bcl-2蛋白阳性表达,24h达到高峰,48h表达开始减少。与假手术组相比,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组和缺血再灌注组Bcl-2蛋白阳性细胞数显著增多(P<0.05);与缺血再灌注组相比,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组Bcl-2蛋白阳性细胞数显著增多(P<0.05)。结论:PEP-1-SOD1对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,PEP-1-SOD1可通过上调Bcl-2蛋白的表达发挥脑保护作用。     

PEP-1超氧化物歧化酶对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后Bcl-2的影响

目的：观察细胞穿透肽-铜,锌超氧化物歧化酶（PEP-1-SOD1）预处理对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的改善作用及其脑保护机制。方法：线栓法建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血6h后再灌注损伤模型,进行神经行为评分,并通过HE染色在光镜下观察神经细胞损伤变化,免疫组化法检测B细胞淋巴瘤基因-2（B—celllymphoma-2,Bcl-2）蛋白的阳性表达。结果：盐水对照组（缺血再灌注组或模型组）神经障碍显著高于假手术组（P〈0．05）,与模型组相比,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组可降低神经障碍评分（P〈0．05）;光镜下,假手术组神经细胞结构正常,PEP-1-SDO1预处理组和缺血再灌注组均有不同程度的缺血再灌注损伤,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组较缺血再灌注组损伤轻;假手术组Bcl-2蛋白表达极弱,缺血再灌注组和PEP-1-SOD1预处理组在脑缺血再灌注后6h在缺血半暗带周围出现Bcl-2蛋白阳性表达,24h达到高峰,48h表达开始减少。与假手术组相比,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组和缺血再灌注组Bcl-2蛋白阳性细胞数显著增多（P〈0．05）;与缺血再灌注组相比,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组Bcl-2蛋白阳性细胞数显著增多（P〈0．05）。结论：PEP-1-SOD1对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,PEP-1-SOD1可通过上调Bcl-2蛋白的表达发挥脑保护作用。     

Upregulation of miR-499a-5p Decreases Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Targeting PDCD4

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - MiR-499a-5p was significantly downregulated in degenerative tissues and correlated with apoptosis. Nonetheless, the biological function of miR-499a-5p in acute...     

Selenium Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress,Mitochondrial Fusion and Ferroptosis

To clarify the potential role of selenium (Se) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, we utilized mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion as an animal model and oxygen–glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) to treat N2a cells as a cell model, respectively. MCAO model was established in mice and then divided into different groups with or without Se treatment. TTC staining was used to observe whether the cerebral I/R modeling was successful, and the apoptosis level was determined by TUNEL staining. The expression of GPx-4 and p22phox was assessed by western blot. In vitro experiments, the OGD/R induced oxidative stress in N2a cells was assessed by levels of GSH/GSSG, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and iron content, respectively. QRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of Cox-2, Fth1, Mfn1 and mtDNA in N2a cells. JC-1 staining and flow cytometry was performed to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential. Se treatment alleviated cerebral I/R injury and improved the survival rate of mice. Additionally, Se treatment apparently attenuated oxidative stress and inhibited iron accumulation in MCAO model mice and OGD/R model of N2a cells. In terms of its mechanism, Se could up-regulate Mfn1 expression to alleviate oxidative stress and ferroptosis by promoting mitochondrial fusion in vivo and vitro. These findings suggest that Se may have great potential in alleviating cerebral I/R injury.

     

三七总皂苷对缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠脑组织的MDA、GSH-PX表达的影响

目的:探讨三七总皂苷(PNS)对缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠大脑皮层组织丙二醛(MDA)的含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活性的影响.方法:采用线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉局灶缺血再灌注模型,选用Wistar雄性大鼠(54只)随机分成3组,即:假手术组(12只)、缺血再灌注组(24只)、三七总皂苷治疗组(18只);再根据灌注时间不同分为再灌注l0h、12h、24h组,每组是8只.缺血时间为90min.各组动物给药方法:三七总皂苷治疗组(PNS组)腹腔注射1％PNS(50mg/kg),每天一次,持续10天;假手术组和缺血再灌注模型组腹腔注射与PNS组等体积的生理盐水10天,各组于术前1h再注射1次.进行HE染色观察脑皮层组织形态病理学变化;硫代巴比妥酸比色法检测MDA的含量;二硫双硝基苯甲酸法检测GSH-PX的活性.结果:缺血再灌注组GSH-PX的活性降低(P＜0.05),MDA的含量升高(P＜ 0.05);PNS治疗组GSH-PX的活性明显增强(P＜0.05),MDA的含量明显下降(P＜0.05).结论:PNS可能通过增加GSH-PX的活性和减少MDA的含量来拮抗缺血再灌注损伤后脑组织的脂质过氧化,发挥脑组织的保护作用.     

亚低温联合镁剂对脑缺血再灌注大鼠保护作用的研究

目的:rt-PA溶栓为缺血性卒中最有效的治疗方法,脑血流再通后挽救濒临死亡的神经细胞同时,也可能发生更为严重而持久的脑缺血再灌注损伤。本研究探讨联合应用局部亚低温(32-35℃)及硫酸镁对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠的保护作用及其可能机制。方法:通过线栓法建立大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)及再通模型,将50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、常温组、亚低温组、硫酸镁组、亚低温+硫酸镁组,每组10例,采用Longa神经功能评分、TTC染色、干湿重法、TUNEL技术,检测和比较各组脑缺血再灌注后大鼠的神经功能、脑梗死体积、脑组织含水量及凋亡细胞数。结果:与常温组相比,亚低温组与亚低温+硫酸镁组的梗死体积、神经功能评分、脑组织含水量、凋亡细胞数均明显降低,差异有显著意义(P0.05);而与亚低温组相比,亚低温+硫酸镁组局灶脑缺血大鼠的脑梗死体积、神经功能评分、脑组织含水量、凋亡细胞数均显著减少,差异有显著意义(P0.05)。结论:与单独应用亚低温相比,局部亚低温与硫酸镁联合应用,对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠可发挥更有效的脑保护作用。其机制可能与抑制脑缺血再灌注后凋亡及减轻脑水肿有关。二者联用可能为缺血性卒中患者提供一种减轻溶栓后再灌注损伤的有效脑保护方法。     

Knockdown of XIST Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Regulation of miR-362/ROCK2 Axis

Neurochemical Research - Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered as critical regulators in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. In this present study, we aimed to investigate the impact and...     

Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) Gene Deletion Enhances MMP-9 Activity,Impairs PARP-1 Degradation,and Exacerbates Hepatic Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Mice

Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inflammatory condition and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after surgery. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been widely implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Among the different MMPs, gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) are within the most prominent MMPs detected during liver IRI. While the role of MMP-9 in liver damage has been fairly documented, direct evidence of the role for MMP-2 activity in hepatic IRI remains to be established. Due to the lack of suitable inhibitors to target individual MMPs in vivo, gene manipulation is as an essential tool to assess MMP direct contribution to liver injury. Hence, we used MMP-2^-/- deficient mice and MMP-2^+/+ wild-type littermates to examine the function of MMP-2 activity in hepatic IRI. MMP-2 expression was detected along the sinusoids of wild-type livers before and after surgery and in a small population of leukocytes post-IRI. Compared to MMP-2^+/+ mice, MMP-2 null (MMP-2^-/-) mice showed exacerbated liver damage at 6, 24, and 48 hours post-reperfusion, which was fatal in some cases. MMP-2 deficiency resulted in upregulation of MMP-9 activity, spontaneous leukocyte infiltration in naïve livers, and amplified MMP-9-dependent transmigration of leukocytes in vitro and after hepatic IRI. Moreover, complete loss of MMP-2 activity impaired the degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) in extensively damaged livers post-reperfusion. However, the administration of a PARP-1 inhibitor to MMP-2 null mice restored liver preservation to almost comparable levels of MMP-2^+/+ mice post-IRI. Deficient PARP-1 degradation in MMP-2-null sinusoidal endothelial cells correlated with their increased cytotoxicity, evaluated by the measurement of LDH efflux in the medium. In conclusion, our results show for the first time that MMP-2 gene deletion exacerbates liver IRI. Moreover, they offer new insights into the MMP-2 modulation of inflammatory responses, which could be relevant for the design of new pharmacological MMP-targeted agents to treat hepatic IRI.     

大鼠脑缺血再灌注后Smac、XIAP和caspase-9表达及活血通络方的干预作用

目的：探讨大鼠脑缺血再灌注后线粒体通路第二种天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶激活物（Smac）、凋亡抑制蛋白（XIAP）和凋亡蛋白酶（caspase）-9的表达变化及活血通络方的干预作用机理。方法：将大鼠随机分成模型组、活血通络组,大脑中动脉栓塞再通法建立脑缺血再灌注模型。大鼠脑缺血再灌注6、12、24和48 h不同时间点进行神经功能评分,用免疫组化法检测Smac、XIAP和caspase-9阳性细胞数。结果：缺血再灌注后6 h模型组神经功能症状积分升高,缺血半暗带皮质内神经元凋亡增多,Smac、XIAP和caspase-9蛋白的表达亦有明显上升,再灌注12 h达高峰（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,随后出现下降。活血通络方能显著降低神经功能症状积分,减少神经元凋亡,促进XIAP表达,下调Smac和caspase-9表达（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）。结论：脑缺血再灌注后脑组织Smac、XIAP和caspase-9蛋白的表达均明显增加,提示它们可能在脑缺血再灌注损伤中发挥重要作用,活血通络方可能通过促进XIAP并抑制Smac、caspase-9表达保护神经元及神经功能。