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H. R. Juul-Madsen Rima Zoorob Charles Auffray Karsten Skjødt Jan E. Hedemand 《Immunogenetics》1997,45(6):345-352
New chicken Rfp-Y haplotypes were determined by the use of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) in four different chicken haplotypes, B 15 , B 19 , B 21 , B 201 . The RFLP polymorphism was mapped to the Rfp-Y system by the use of a subclone (18.1) which maps near a polymorphic lectin gene located in the Rfp-Y system and DNA from families with known segregation of the implicated RFLP polymorphism. For the first time it is shown that major histocompatibility complex class II genes in the Rfp-Y system have functional implications. Sequence information of the B1 domain of the proposed Rfp-Y haplotypes was obtained which supported the functional data. 相似文献
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Yun‐Chao Shia Catherine Gautschi Ming‐Sheung Ling Jonathan E. Beever David G. McLaren Harris A. Lewin 《Animal biotechnology》2013,24(1):75-91
Summary Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses of swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) class I and class II genes from Swiss Large White and American Hampshire families were performed using porcine DNA probes. Class I and class II RFLPs associated with the serologically‐defined haplotypes SLA H1, H8, H16 and H24 and with serotypes SLA 15, 16; SLA 14; and SLA 6, SB 19, were identified. Seven allelic class I RFLP patterns were observed. For genes in the SLA class II region, six allelic RFLP patterns of DQA and DQB; five allelic RFLP patterns of DRA; and seven allelic RFLP patterns of DRB were observed. The serologically‐defined H8 haplotype was subtyped based on differences in class II RFLPs. 相似文献
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Woo-Young Jung Dong-Won Seo Nu-Ri Choi Jun-Heon Lee Dong-Il Jin Seong-Soo Hwang Byoung-Chul Yang Hak-Jae Chung Kyung-Woon Kim Jin-Ki Park Hwi-Cheul Lee 《Genes & genomics.》2012,34(4):429-434
Xenotransplantation involves the transplantation of organs, tissues and cells from one species to another. A major barrier to successful xenotransplantation is the rejection of the donor tissue by the recipient immune system. Swine leukocyte antigens (SLA) are important molecules within the immune system and play an essential role in fighting infectious diseases and viruses. The present study investigated three SLA class I (SLA-1, SLA-3 and SLA-2) and three SLA class II (DRB1, DQB1 and DQA) alleles in 60 NIH miniature pigs using PCR with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). As the results, nine combinations of SLA class I and II haplotypes, comprising of three homozygous and six heterozygous haplotypes, were examined. The SLA homozygous haplotype Lr-2.4/2.4 was the most prevalent, with an overall frequency of 28.3% (17/60) and heterozygous haplotype Lr-2.2/4.4 was the second most common (20.0%; 12/60), followed by haplotype Lr-4.2/4.2 (16.7%; 10/60), Lr-2.2/2.4 (15.0%; 9/60), Lr-2.2/2.2 (5.0%; 3/60), Lr-2.2/4.2 (5.0%; 3/60), Lr-2.4/4.4 (5.0%; 3/60) and Lr-2.2/3.3 (3.3%; 2/60), Lr-4.2/4.4 (1.7%; 1/60), respectively. These results provide useful information that can be used to establish highly inbred pig lines with fixed SLA homozygous alleles and haplotypes. 相似文献
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A method for analyzing 5-methylcytosine in DNA by gas chromatography is described. The method is based on degradation of the DNA to its free bases by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid and gas chromatography of the trimethylsilyl derivatives of the free bases. Chromatography of microgram amounts of derivatized material is conducted at isothermal conditions using a 3% SE-30 or 2% OV-225 column. The peak areas corresponding to cytosine and 5-methylcytosine are used to calculate the 5-methylcytosine/cytosine molar ratio in DNA. The lower limit for detection of 5-methylcytosine in DNA by this method is a 5-methylcytosine/cytosine molar ratio of 0.001. 相似文献
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We investigated the class II B genes in free-ranging population of the ring-necked pheasant Phasianus colchicus by a combination of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and DNA sequencing. Special attention was paid to the variation in the second exon, which encodes the peptide-binding 1-domain. The population was introduced, but it still exhibited major histocompatibility complex polymorphism with at least three segregating class II B haplotypes and consequently six genotypes. We found two class II B genes associated with each haplotype. The class II B genes of birds had until then only been molecularly characterized in the domestic chicken. the pheasant genes were highly variable, although one of the amplified sequences was found in two different haplotypes. Taken together, the most polymorphic positions (residues 37 and 38) were not identical in any of the predicted protein sequences, but all except one of the motifs had already been foud in the domestic chicken. Structurally important features in mammalian class II B genes were generally conserved also in the pheasant sequences, but the loss of a potential salt bridge constituent (Arg72) in several sequences may suggest a slightly different structure of the adjacent parts of the peptide-binding groove. The pheasant genes are most closely related to the so called B-LBII family in the chicken, indicating that this represents a major line of development among avian class II B genes.The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper have been submitted to the EMBL nucleotide sequence database and have been assigned the accession numbers X75403-X75407.
Correspondence to: H. Wittzell, Department of Theoretical Ecology, Ecology Building, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden. 相似文献
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The genetic diversity at the ELA DQβ locus was investigated using polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. Based upon serological methods 16 class II homozygous animals were selected and their genomic DNA was used. A DQβ gene from an equine cDNA library was also sequenced. Our methology and the similarity between the genomic and the cDNA sequences suggest that the studied locus is expressed on equine lymphocytes. In the predicted amino acid sequence the most extensive variation is located at residues 56–60. The pattern of these five amino acids is strongly correlated to the serological ELA class II specificities (W13, W22, W23, Be200). The alleles corresponding to the W23 specificity are the most divergent among the equine DQβ alleles and also from other mammalian DQβ sequences. 相似文献
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Manual and automated determination of
Daisy B. Whigan Alan E. Schuster 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1995,664(2)
This paper describes the determination of
and its metabolite (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil in urine. The method involves sample clean-up by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis. The sample preparation may be performed either manually or automatically using a Zymark Py-robotic system. The chloro analog of the parent compound, CV-araU, is used as the internal standard. As low as 0.1 μg of analyte per ml of urine can be measured. This sensitivity is adequate for pharmacokinetic studies but could be improved quite easily if necessary. 相似文献
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M. R. Stevens E. M. Lamb D. D. Rhoads 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,90(3-4):451-456
The Sw-5 locus confers dominant resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). To map the location and facilitate the identification of markers linked to Sw-5 we developed a pair of near-isogenic lines (NILs) and an F2
Lycopersicon esculentum x L. pennellii population segregating for resistance to TSWV. DNA from the NILs was analyzed using 748 random 10-mer oligonucleotides to discern linked molecular markers using a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) approach. One random primer (GAGCACGGGA) was found to produce a RAPD band of about 2200 bp that demonstrates linkage to Sw-5. Data from co-segregation of resistance and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in a F2 interspecific population position Sw-5 between the markers CT71 and CT220 near the telomere of the long arm of chromosome 9. 相似文献
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Detection and identification by real time PCR/RFLP analyses of Cryptosporidium species from human faeces 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
AIMS: To detect a wide range of Cryptosporidium species from human faeces by analysis of the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein gene by PCR. METHODS AND RESULTS: The nested-assay comprised an initial amplification using a conventional thermocycler followed by real time PCR using a LightCycler with SYBR Green I for the characterization of the amplicons. The technique uses four sets of primers composed of five to six oligonucleotides with one to six base differences corresponding to the inter-species sequence differences of the gene fragment. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis identified Cryptosporidium hominis and C. parvum. The assay was evaluated using DNA extracted from purified material and faecal specimens containing a range of potential pathogens (including Cryptosporidium). The assay was specific, sensitive, reproducible and rapid. CONCLUSIONS: This unique technique enables the rapid detection of a range of polymorphic COWP gene sequences directly from faeces using real time PCR. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study demonstrates a novel approach to identification of Cryptosporidium species and the identification of C. hominis and C. parvum. The technique may be especially useful for the analysis of environmental samples which are likely to contain heterogeneous mixtures of Cryptosporidium species. 相似文献