Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this articles:
Aquatic Invertebrates of Alberta. H.F. C lifford (1991).
Fish Ecology. R.J. w ootton (1992).
Lake Hula. Reconstruction of the Fauna and Hydrobiology of a Lost Lake. Ch. D imentman , H.J. B romley & F.D. F or . (1992)
Zoogeography of Fresh Waters. In 3 volumes. Vol. 2. Distribution and Dispersal of Freshwater Animals in North America and Eurasia. P. B ånårescu (1991).     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
N eutralization of A nimal V iruses (1993). By N.J. Dimmock.
Bacillus subtilis and O ther G ram -P ositive B acteria : B iochemistry , P hysiology and M olecular G enetics (1993).
C hilled F oods : A C omprehensive G uide (1992). Edited by C. Dennis and M. Stringer.
M edical M icrobiology (1992). Edited by D. Greenwood, R. Slack and J. Peutherer.
B acteriocins of L actic A cid B acteria (1993). Edited by D.G. Hoover and L.R. Steenson.
Bacillus thuringiensis , an E nvironmental B iopesticide : T heory and P ractice (1993). Edited by P.F. Entwistle, J.S. Cory, M.J. Bailey and S. Higgs.
P ediatric I nfectious D isease (1993). Edited by D. Engelhard, M.I. Marks and D. Branski.     

Book Reviews

River Conservation and Management . Edited by P.J. B oon , P. C alow & G.E. P etts (1991).
Aquatic Microbiology by G. R heineimer (1992).
Bioindicators and Environmental Management . Edited by D.W. J effrey & B. M adden . (1991).     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
L egionella : C urrent S tatus and E merging P erspectives (1993). Edited by J.M. Barbaree, R.F. Breiman and A.P. Dufour.
Pseudomonas: M olecular B iology and B iotechnology (1992). Edited by E. Galli, S. Silver and B. Witholt.
A dvances in B iochemical E ngineering / B iotechnology 45 (1992). Edited by A. Fiechter.
A dvances in M icrobial E cology (1993). Edited by K.C. Marshall.
T he B iology of H alophilic B acteria (1993). Edited by R.H. Vreeland and L.I. Hochstein.
B akterienviren (1992). By S. Klaus, D. Krüger and J. Meyer.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this articles:
Fish Ecophysiology. Edited by J. C liff R ankin & F rank B. J ensen (1993).
Pollution and Freshwater Fish. R ichard L loyd (1992).
Biodiversity of the Southeastern United States: Aquatic Communities. Edited by C.T. H ackney , S.M. A dams and W.H. M artin .     

Book Review

Book reviewed in this articles:
Ecological Effects of Wastewater. E.B. W elch (1992).     

Book Reviews

Fisheries' Acoustics . D.N. M ac L ennan & E.J. S immonds (1992).
Environmental Biology of European Cyprinids . W. W ieser , F. S chiemer , A. G oldschmidt & K. K otrschal (Eds) (1992).
The Natural History of Blackflies . R.W. C rosskey (1990).
Catch Effort Sampling Strategies . Edited by I.G. Cowx (1991).
Studies on Large Branchiopod Biology and Aquaculture . Edited by D. B elk , H.J. D umont & N. M unuswamy . (1991).     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Plant Molecular Biology. Molecular Genetic Analysis of Plant Development and Metabolism. Ed. by G loria C oruzzi & P ere P uigdomégnech
Vacuum Methods in Electron Microscopy. By W. C. B igelow . Practical Methods in Electron Microscopy. Vol 15. Series Editor: Audrey M. G lauert .
The Fungi. By M ichael J. C arlile & S arah C. W atkinson .
Aspects of Tropical Mycology. Symposium of the British Mycological Society held at the University of Liverpool, April 1992. Edited by S. I saac , J. C. F rankland , R. W atling & A. J. S. W halley .
Belalong, A Tropical Rainforest. By T he E arl O f C ranbrook & D avid S. E dwards .
Ecology and Management of Invasive Riverside Plants. Ed. by L. C. D e W aal , L. E. C hild , P. M. W ade & J. H. B rock     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
The Ethics of Reproductive Technology edited by Kenneth D. Alpern. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992
Medical Confidentiality and Legal Privilege by Jean V. McHale. London and New York: Routledge, 1993
The Codes of Codes , edited by Daniel J. Kevles and Leroy Hood. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992
The Troubled Dream of Life: Living with Mortality by Daniel Callahan. NY: Simon & Schuster, 1993
International Directory of Bioethics Organizations. Anita L. Nolen and Mary Carrington Coutts, editors. Bioethics Resource Series, Volume 1. Washington, DC: Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, 1993
The Codification of Medical Morality, Volume One: Medical Ethics and Etiquette in the Eighteenth Century , edited by Robert Baker, Dorothy Porter and Roy Porter. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1993
Pursuing Parenthood: Ethical Issues in Assisted Reproduction by Paul Lauritzen. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1993     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Nitrogen Fixation by Free-living Micro-organisms. Ed. by W. D. P. S tewart .
International Biological Programme. Volume 7: Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Plants. Ed. by P. S. N utman .
Gibberellins and Plant Growth. Ed. by H. M. K rishnamoorthy .
Cytodifferentiation in Plants. By L. W. R oberts .
Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series. Ed. by A. P irson and M. H. Z immerman .
Traité de Paléobotanique : Volume 4, fascicle 2: Pteridophylla (ist part). By E. B oureau and J. D oubinger .
Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Volume 5. Ed. by P. H. D avis , assisted by V. A. M atthews , F. K. K upicha & B. S. P arris .
Physiological Plant Ecology. By W. L archer . Translated from the German by M. A. B iederman -T horson .
The Biology of Eucalypts , By L. D. P ryor .
The Morphology of Pteridophytes. By K. R. S porne .
European Floristic and Taxonomic Studies, B.S.B.I. Conference Report No. 15. Ed. by S. M. W alters (with the assistance of C. J. K ing ).     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Standard of Care by George J. Annas. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993
Medicine, Money and Morals by Marc A. Rodwin. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993
Medical Ethics Today: Its Practice and Philosophy , British Medical Association. London: BMJ Publishers, 1993
Biomedical Ethics Reviews: 1992 edited by James M. Huber and Robert F. Almeder. Totawa, New Jersey: Humana Press, 1993     

Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Annual Review of Plant Physiology , Vol. 22 Ed. by L. M achlis .
Microbes and Biological Productivity. (Society for General Microbiology Symposium 21). Ed. by D. E. H ughes and A. H. R ose .
Crop Production: Cereals and Legumes. By B. F. B land .
Potential Crop Production. Ed. by P. F. W areing and J. P. C ooper .
Pollen: Development and Physiology. Ed. by J. H eslop -H arrison .
Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants. By G. L. S tebbins .
Integrated Experimental Ecology: Methods and Results of Ecosystem Research in the German Soiling Project. Ed. by H. E llenberg .
Evolutionary Ecology. By H erbert P. R iley .     

Book Reviews

Narayanasamy, P :Plant Pathogen Detection and Disease Diagnosis ("Series: Books in Soils, Plants and the Environment).
Scheffer, R. P. : The Nature of Disease in Plants.
Michaelis, W. : Air Pollution: Dimensions, Trends and Inter actions with a Forest Ecosystem.
Kearney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D. (eds) : Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation and Mode of Actio, Vol. 3.
Sandermann, H., Wellburn, A. R., Heath, R. L. (eds) : Forest Decline and Ozone[A Comparison of Controlled Chamber and Field Experiments] Ecological Studies, Vol. 127.
Vogel, G. : Handbuch des speziellen Gemüsebaues. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1996.
Hall, R. (ed.): Principles and Practice of Managing Soilborne Plant Pathogens.     

Variation in the C:P ratio of suspended and settling seston and its significance for P uptake calculations

SUMMARY. 1. In 1981–84 limnocorral (LC) experiments were performed in Lake Lucerne. Switzerland, to manipulate the planktonic community by varying P fertilization and by removing large zooplankton (with a 95 μm screen).
2. The C:P ratios in both suspended and entrapped seston exceeded the 'ideal' C:P ratio of 106 proposed by Redfield, Ketchum & Richards (1963) when P was limiting algal growth.
3. P fertilization could decrease the sestonic C:P ratio to 106 only when P did not limit algal growth; P additions far exceeding the P loading of eutrophic lakes were necessary to obtain this situation.
4. Changes in epilimnetic C:P ratios were usually related to short- term changes in primary production, caused by variable in situ light conditions and turbulence, and subsequent variation in POC concentrations.
5. Entrapped seston in the 95 μm-filtered LCs showed C:P ratios slightly higher than those of suspended seston, indicating fast P release and slower C mineralization in the epilimnetic nutrient cycle.
6. Removing large crustacean zooplankton enhanced epilimnetic P mineralization, and C:P ratios of entrapped seston in the 95 μm-filtered LCs were increased.
7 Detritus formed a relatively high proportion of the seston and amounted to more than two-thirds of the measured POC concentration.
8. Calculations of algal P uptake using information on sestonic C:P ratios and ¹⁴C uptake rates are questionable, as long as detritus cannot be separated from algae and net carbon uptake cannot be accurately measured.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Carmouze, J.P., Durand, J.R. & Leveque, C. (1983) Lake Chad. Monographiea Biologicae
Saether, O. A. (1980) Glossary of Chironomid Morphology Terminology (Diptera: Chironomidae).
Ashe, P. (1983) A Catalogue of Chironomid Genera and Subgenera of the World including Synonyms (Diptera: Chironomidae).
Wiederholm, T. (Ed.) (1983) Chironomidae of the Holarctic Region. Keys and Diagnoses. Part L Larvae.
Saether, O.A. & Sublette, J.E. (1983) A Review of the Genera Diothrix n.gen., Georthocladius Strenzke, Parachaetocladius Wülker and Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae).     

Tokenism

Before Writing, Volume 1: From Counting to Cuneiform . Denise Schmandt-Besserat. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992. 288 pp.
Before Writing, Volume 2: A Catalog of Near Eastern Tokens . Denise Schmandt-Besserat. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992. 452 pp.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Dey, P. M., and J. B. Harborne (eds), Methods in Plant Biochemistry. Vol. 1: Plant Phenolics.
Dey, P. M. (ed.), Carbohydrates. Methods in Plant Biochemistry, Vol. 2 (P. M. D ey and J. B. H arborne eds).     

Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Nitrogen Metabolism of Plants. Ed. by K. M engel and D. J. P ilbeam .
Extinction and Phylogeny . Ed. by M ichael J. N ovacek and Q uentin D. W heeler .
Anatomy of Flowering Plants. By P aula R udall .
Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland ; Volume 2, Mosses (except Diplolepideae). Ed by M. O. H ill , C. D. P reston and A. J. E. S mith .
Atlas of the Paleoclimates and Paleoenvironments of the Northern Hemisphere: Late Pleistocene-Holocene. Ed. by B. F renzel , M. P esci and A. A. V elichko .     

Sex ratio and maternal investment in the multivoltine large carpenter bee Xylocopa sulcatipes (Apoideh: Anthophoridae)

Abstract. 1. Females of the multivoltine carpenter bee Xylocopa sulcutipes (Maa) (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) usually excavate a straight tunnel in dead twigs and mass provision a linear array of up to ten brood cells with pollen and nectar. An egg is deposited upon each food mass within one cell.
2. Female offspring generally receive a higher provisioning mass (0.180 ± 0.048 g) than males, a significant difference ( P > 0.001). There are, however, male larvae that receive as much food or more as their sisters or female larvae reared in another nest.
3. There is a close positive association between the size of a mother and the weight of provisions for individual daughters, but not for sons.
4. Female offspring are positioned in the innermost brood cells (Gositions 1, 2 and 3). The sex ratio of the outer cells is either significantly male biased (positions 4–6) or skewed towards males (positions 8 and 9). Positions 7 and 10 are in equilibrium.
5. Solitary females produce a significantly female biased sex ratio ( P < 0.01). Sex ratio in social nests is skewed toward females, but not significantly so ( P < 0.2). There is no significant difference between the sex ratio of solitary and social nests ( P = 0.361). The population sex ratio (pooled sex ratio of all broods produced) is significantly female biased ( P = 0.003).
6. Females kept in the laboratory produced female biased sex ratios whilst unmated females produced all-male broods indicating that insemination and ovarian development are not causally related.
7. The expected sex ratio (ESR) under equal investment, calculated as 1/CR (CR = mean male provision weight/mean female provision weight), is 137.5:117.5 (males:females), and differs significantly from that observed, 104:151 (males:females) ( P < 0.001). The 'Local Resource Enhlancement' hypothesis best explains the female biased sex ratio found in X.sulcatipes and its maintenance in the population.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Crop Evolution, Adaptation and Yield. By L. T. EVANS.
The Algorithmic Beauty of Plants. By P rzemyslaw PRUSINKIEWICZ and A ristid LINDENMAYER.
Plant–Soil Interactions at Low pH: Principles and Management. Ed. by R. A. DATE, N. J. GRUNDON, G. E. RAYMENT and M. E. PROBERT.
Soils, Sustainability and the Natural Heritage. Ed. by A. G. TAYLOR, J. E. GORDON and M. B. USHER.
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism: Biochemistry, Eco-physiology and Evolution (Ecological Studies: vol. 114). Ed. by K. WINTER and J. A. C. SMITH.
Centres of Plant Diversity. A Guide and Strategy for their Conservation. WWF and IUCN.
Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants, Vol. 3: Gymnosperms. Ed. by S. M. JAIN, P. K. GUPTA AND R.J. NEWTON.
In Vitro Embryogenesis in Plants. Ed. by T. THORPE.
The Cambial Derivatives. Ed. by M. IQBAL.
Leaf Structure: Montane Regions of Venezuela with an Excursion into Argentina. By I ngrid ROTH.
The Plant Viruses (vol. 5: Polyhedral Virions and Bipartite RNA Genomes). Ed. by B. D. HARRISON and A. F. MURANT.