Chemical constituents from the whole plants of Sedum sarmentosum Bunge and their chemotaxonomic significance

Phytochemical study of the whole plants of Sedum sarmentosum Bunge (Crassulaceae) led to the isolation of thirty-six constituents, including sixteen megastigmanes (1–16), seven sterols (17–23), five lignans (24–28), three triterpenoids (29–31), three phenols (32–34), one flavonoid (35), and one glycoside (36). The chemical structures of these metabolites were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and compared with literature data previously reported. This is the first confirmation of the presence of eleven compounds (4, 15, 16, 18, 19, 22, 24–26, 28, 32) isolated from the family Crassulaceae, one compound (3) from the genus Sedum, and two compounds (17 and 33) from S. sarmentosum. Furthermore, the chemotaxonomic significance of these ingredients from the whole plants of S. sarmentosum were discussed in detail.     

河南产景天三七抗氧化活性研究

用清除二苯代苦味酰基(DPPH)自由基、2,2′-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐(ABTS)自由基和铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(FRAP)测定法对洛阳和信阳产景天三七(Sedum aizoon)体外总抗氧化活性进行评价,并与阳性对照丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、没食子酸丙酯(PG)和二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)比较。发现洛阳和信阳景天三七有较好的体外抗氧化活性。洛阳和信阳产乙酸乙酯部位活性最强,正丁醇部位活性次之。在6个提取部位中,信阳产景天三七乙酸乙酯部位活性最强,其清除DPPH、ABTS自由基能力强于阳性对照BHA和BHT,还原Fe3+的能力大于阳性对照BHT,洛阳产景天三七乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位活性次之。     

安徽景天属新植物

皖南景天新种图１ＳｅｕｄｍｗａｎｎａｎｅｎｓｅＸ．Ｈ．Ｇｕｏ,Ｘ．Ｐ．ＺｈａｎｇｅｔＸ．Ｈ．Ｃｈｅｎ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．ＳｐｅｃｉｅｓａｆｉｎｉｓＳ．ａｌｆｒｅｄｉｏＨａｎｃｅ,ｓｅｄｓｔｏｌｏｎｅ,ｒａｍｏｓｏ,ｒａｍｉｓｓｔｅｒｉｌｉｂｕｓ;ｆｏｌｉ...     

Isolation of Mesophyll Cells from Sedum telephium Leaves

A technique is described for mechanically isolating metabolically active individual spongy mesophyll cells from the Crassulacean acid metabolism plant, Sedum telephium. Mature leaves are selected at about 2 PM when acidity is low, and three different media are used to reduce the problem of leaf acidity and to maintain isotonic conditions. The upper and lower epidermis is peeled from chilled leaves and the leaves are suspended in a buffered “soaking medium,” then gently ground with a mortar and pestle. Cells and debris are separated using a “washing medium,” with cells being filtered through a 136 micron net and collected on an 80 micron net. Cells then are suspended in a “cell suspension medium” and concentrated by centrifugation. Approximately 2 hours are required for the isolation procedure, and activity in CO₂ fixation is constant for up to 4 hours after isolation. Microscopic examination shows about 65% of the isolated cells appear intact and unplasmolyzed and are similar to leaf msophyll cells. The yield of cells on a leaf chlorophyll basis is about 1%. A light micrograph of the isolated cells is given.     

酶解骨胶原多肽的抗氧化特性研究

本文主要研究了酶解法制备的骨胶原多肽的总抗氧化能力、羟自由基清除作用和抑制超氧阴离子自由基的能力.通过与谷胱甘肽(GSH)的比较发现,溶液浓度在1130～150 mg/mL时,该骨胶原多肽的总抗氧化能力为GSH的71.92%.溶液浓度在2.5～20 mg/mL时,该多肽羟自由基清除作用为谷胱甘肽的1.36倍.溶液浓度为10～150 mg/mL时,多肽抑制超氧阴离子自由基的能力低于谷胱甘肽.     

Flavonol glycosides with lipid accumulation inhibitory activity from Sedum sarmentosum

Three new flavonol glycosides, sarmenosides V–VII (1–3), were isolated from the whole plant of Sedum sarmentosum (Crassulaseae). The structures of 1–3 were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Among the flavonoid constituents from S. sarmentosum, 1 and 3 were found to show oleic acid–albumin-induced lipid accumulation inhibitory activity.     

Sarmentosin epoxide,a new cyanogenic compound from Sedum cepaea

A new cyanogenic compound, sarmentosin epoxide, was isolated from the aerial parts of Sedum cepaea. Its structure was established mainly by ¹H     

Anti-oxidant system of blood plasma]

Recent data available in literature and the author's data about the state of the antioxidant protection of the blood plasma have been generalized. The role of superoxide dismutase as the basic compound of the antioxidant system is discussed. The character of individual macromolecules (transferrin, ceruloplasmin, albumin) which have shown nonenzymatic specific antioxidant properties is presented. Possible mechanisms of biological activity of some antioxidants have been examined.     

伴矿景天植物螯合肽合酶基因的克隆及功能分析

重金属超积累植物由于长期生长在高浓度的重金属环境中,使得经由植物螯合肽（phytochelatins, PCs）解毒途径来应对重金属毒害代价高昂。我们从Zn/Cd超积累植物伴矿景天（Sedum plumbizincicola）中克隆了植物螯合肽合酶（phytochelatin synthase, PCS）基因SepPCS。该基因在裂殖酵母和拟南芥中表达后都具有PCS活性,而且能够互补它们的PCs缺失突变体的Cd敏感表型。SepPCS在伴矿景天中的表达受到高浓度Cd处理的诱导。与其近亲非超积累生态型东南景天（S. alfredii）相比,虽然伴矿景天地上部PCs与Cd的摩尔比远低于东南景天,但是在高浓度Cd处理时PCs含量以及PCs与Cd的摩尔比急剧增加。我们推测在伴矿景天应对Cd毒害的过程中, PCs起到一定的作用,并且在高浓度Cd胁迫时地上部PCs依赖的解毒作用有所加强。     

杂景天愈伤组织诱导及红景天苷测定

以杂景天的子叶、胚轴为外植体,接种在附加不同激素组合的MS培养基上诱导愈伤组织产生,愈伤组织经继代培养后,用高效液相色谱检测红景天苷含量.结果显示,杂景天的子叶是诱导愈伤组织的理想外植体,子叶在MS 1 mg/L BA 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D和MS 1 mg/L BA 0.5 mg/L NAA培养基上的愈伤组织诱导率较高(81.8%、80%).愈伤组织有红、绿2种类型.HPLC检测显示红色愈伤组织不含红景天苷,绿色愈伤组织红景天苷含量为0.288 6%.表明利用组织培养生产红景天苷是可行的.     

Chemical constituents from Laggera pterodonta

A phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of Laggera pterodonta resulted in the isolation and identification of fourteen compounds, including six sesquiterpenoids (1–6), five flavonoids (7–11), one lignan (12), and two pyrrole alkaloids (13, 14). Among them, compounds 1–3, 7–9, and 11 are the characteristic class of secondary metabolites of L. pterodonta. Compounds 4 and 5 were firstly isolated from L. pterodonta and this is the first report of the presence of compounds 6, 10, and 12 from the genus Laggera. Pyrrole alkaloids 13 and 14 may serve as potential chemotaxonomic markers for L. pterodonta and could be used to distinguish among species of Compositae.     

Chemical constituents from Teucrium viscidum

A new guaiane sesquiterpenoid (1), two known guaiane sesquiterpenoids (2 and 3), and eleven known compounds (4–14), were isolated from Teucrium viscidum. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses and by comparison of their spectral data with those reported in the literature. The absolute configuration of lipidiol (2) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis with Cu Kα radiation. Compounds 12 and 13 were isolated as natural products for the first time. All compounds were isolated from T. viscidum for the first time.     

迷果芹根化学成分的研究

利用普通硅胶柱色谱技术和多种现代波谱技术,从迷果芹(Sphallerocarpus gracilis)的根中分离并鉴定了11个化合物,通过波谱学方法鉴定为:falcarinol(1)、(3R,8S)-falcarindiol(2)、diplaniol(3)、5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one(4)、esculetin(5)、东莨菪内酯(6)、xanthalin(7)、isoimperatorin(8)、胡萝卜苷(9)、β-谷甾醇(10)和豆甾醇(11),其中化合物1～6为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Further constituents from Caralluma negevensis

Two new megastigmane glycosides (1 and 2) and two new flavone glycosides (3 and 4) were isolated from the methanol extract of the whole plant of Caralluma negevensis Zohary (Asclepiadaceae). The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized as (9R)-2beta,9-dihydroxymegastigma-4,7-dien-3-one-9-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), 2beta,9-dihydroxymegastigma-4-en-3-one 9-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), luteolin 3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-4'-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), and luteolin 3',4'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4). The structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of spectral evidence and chemical transformation.     

椭圆线柱苣苔化学成分研究

采用各种色谱法分离,运用多种波谱技术鉴定结构。从椭圆线柱苣苔Rhynchotechum ellipticum甲醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物:β-谷甾醇(1),熊果酸(2),豆甾醇(3),齐墩果烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4),β-胡萝卜苷(5),正十八烷酸(6)。化合物1～6为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Phenolic constituents from Drypetes armoracia

The methanol extract of the dried stem bark of Drypetes armoracia Pax & Hoffm. afforded two compounds named drypearmoracein A, (E)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2-benzylhept-2-enoic acid and drypearmoracein B, 2,3-dihydroxy-9,10-tetrahydroanthra-1,4-quinone along with five known compounds: friedelan-3 beta-ol, friedelin, friedelane-3,7-dione, drypemolundein B and beta-stigmasterol. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence.     

Chemical constituents from Mentha canadensis

Phytochemical investigation on Mentha canadensis led to the isolation of two new compounds, 3,4-dihydro-3,6,7-trihydroxy-2(1H)-quinolinone (1), (E)-2-methoxy-2- oxethyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylate (2), along with nine known phenolic compounds, syringic acid (3), p-coumaric acid (4), esculetin (5), methyl rosmarinate (6), nepetoidin B (7), syringaresinol (8), methyl ester of caffeoyl glycollic acid (9), 2″,3″-diacetylmartynoside (10) and bracteanolide A (12). Additionally, cis-3-[2-[1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxymethyl]-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl]-(E)-2-propenoic acid (11), which was isolated as a natural product for the first time. All these compounds were reported for the first time from this species, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. Compound 11 may be a useful chemotaxonomic marker for M. canadensis. The p-coumaric acid derivatives identified in the present investigation may have chemotaxonomic significance at the generic level.