Omphamurin-a new coumarin from Murraya omphalocarpa

A new coumarin, omphamurin, isolated from the n-hexane extract of the leaves of Murraya omphalocarpa, was characterized as 5,7-dimethoxy-8-(2′-hydroxy-3′-methyl-3′-butenyl) coumarin by chemical evidence and spectral data.     

The rare flavone isoetin as a yellow flower pigment in Heywoodiella oligocephala and in other Cichorieae

Isoetin (5,7,2′,4′,5′-pentahydroxyflavone) has been identified as a yellow flower pigment in Heywoodiella oligocephala, Hieracium pilosella and Hispidella hispanica. It also occurs in leaves of these plants and of 15 other taxa of the Cichorieae. It is restricted to three of the eight subtribes, occurring most characteristically in the Leontodontinae (in 5 of 7 genera surveyed). Isoetin is frequently accompanied by apigenin, luteolin, and scutellarein derivatives in these plants.     

Foetidin,a sesquiterpenoid coumarin from Ferula assa-foetida

A new sesquiterpenoid coumarin, foetidin, has been isolated from the roots of Ferula assa-foetida.     

Twelve novel polymorphic microsatellites in a marine fish species,yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis

We isolated 12 polymorphic microsatellites from an important marine food fish Larimichthys polyactis and characterized them in 32 unrelated individuals. Among the 12 microsatellites, four were tetranucleotide repeats and eight were dinucleotide repeats. The allele number ranged from five to 25 with an average of 15.4/locus; average expected heterozygosity was 0.81, ranging from 0.57 to 0.95, whereas the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.34 to 1.00 (average: 0.78). Nine of the 12 markers conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and showed no sign of linkage. These microsatellites will be useful for population genetic studies and selective breeding programs of this species.     

Xanthones,flavones and secoiridoids of american Gentiana species

Isoorientin, isoorientin-4′-O-glucoside, gentiopicrin, xanthones with 1,3,5,8 or 1,3,7,8-oxidation pattern have been isolated from five North American Gentiana species (G. affinis, G. algida, G. calycosa, G. detonsa, G. strictiflora) and one South American species (G. cerastioides). Separations were achieved with droplet counter-current chromatography (DCCC) or centrifugally accelerated preparative TLC. The distribution of the isolated compounds within the genus is discussed.     

Acacipetalin from six species of Acacia of Mexico and Texas

Acacipetalin is the principal cyanogenic glycoside in Acacia chiapensis, A. cochliacantha, A. hindsii, A. macracantha, A. schaffneri var. schaffneri (all from Mexico) and A. schaffneri var. bravoensis (Texas).     

Comparative properties of ferredoxins from a marine and freshwater species of Porphyridium

Ferredoxins were isolated from the freshwater red alga Porphyridium aerugineut, and from Porphyridium cruentum, a related marine species. A sin     

Sesquiterpene-coumarin ethers and polyacetylenes from Bfrocchia cinerea

The roots of Brocchia cinerea afforded, in addition to known spiroketalenolether polyynes and sesquiterpene-coumarin ethers, two new isofraxidin-derived sesquiterpene ethers as well as the new 8-farnesyl-scopoletin. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. The chemotaxonomic significance of sesquiterpene-coumarin ether and spiroketalenolether accumulation within the tribe Anthemideae is discussed.     

Angustifolin,a coumarin from Ruta angustifolia

From the aerial parts of Ruta angustifolia, a new natural coumarin, angustifolin, was obtained. Two other coumarins (scoparone and 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin) and the alkaloid graveolin were also isolated.     

Ferrxanthone,a 1,3,5,6-tetraoxygenated xanthone from Mesua ferrea

A new xanthone was isolated from the heartwood of Mesua ferrea and its structure determined by UV, IR, NMR and mass spectrometry as 1,3-dimethoxy-5,6-dihydroxyxanthone.     

Murragleinin,a coumarin from Murraya gleinei leaves

A new trioxygenated C-8 prenylated coumarin, 5,6,7-trimethoxy-8-(2′,3′-dihydroxyisopentenyl)-coumarin and the laevorotatory form of mexoticin, sibiricin and phebalosin were isolated from the leaves of Murraya gleinei together with the coumarins meranzin hydrate, meranzin, murralongin, murrangatin and scopoletin, the flavone exoticin, the alkaloid skimianine and the sterol stigmasterol.     

Campestroside,a new tetrahydroxanthone glucoside from Gentiana campestris

Campestroside has been isolated from the aerial parts of Gentiana campestris. From UV, MS, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR data its structure has been established as 1,3,5-trihydroxy-8-β-d-glucopyranosyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroxanthone. Campestroside which has also been detected in G. ramosa and G. germanica is the first reported tetrahydroxanthone glycoside.     

Alkaloids,limonoids and furocoumarins from three Mexican Esenbeckia species

The chemical constituents of three Mexican Esenbeckia species have been determined. Rutaevin was the main limonoid present in the seeds of all three species, E. litoralis, E. flava and E. berlandieri. The husks, leaves, wood and bark contained a wide array of known furocoumarins and furoquinoline alkaloids. In addition, 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-methylacridone was obtained from E. litoralis bark and a new natural 2-quinolone alkaloid, formulated as 3,3-diisopropyl-N-methyl-2,4-quinoldione, was obtained from E. flava wood. The structure was assigned from spectroscopic considerations and conversion to N-methylhaplofoline.     

Ferulsinaic acid, a sesquiterpene coumarin with a rare carbon skeleton from Ferula species

Fractionation of methylene chloride extracts of the resin of Ferula vesceritensis and F. sinaica afforded three sesquiterpene coumarins and a glucose derivative. One of them was a sesquiterpene with a rare carbon skeleton. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive NMR studies, including DEPT, COSY, NOE, HMQC, and HMBC.     

Fatty acids,sterols and hydrocarbons in the leaves from eleven species of mangrove

The fatty acid, sterol and hydrocarbon compositions of the fresh leaves from eleven species of mangroves, cultivated in a shadehouse, are reported. The fatty acid and sterol analyses, whilst generally typical of higher plants, showed several chemotaxonomically significant differences between the species. The epicuticular wax hydrocarbons and fatty acids were low in abundance compared to previous reports of mangrove leaf lipids, which may reflect the importance of environmental influences on this group of compounds. Cluster analysis of selected subsets of the data showed clear chemotaxonomic divisions amongst the mangroves. The results grouped the mangroves into genera, except for the Rhizophora and Ceriops tagal which were not separated, and grouped the family Rhizophoraceae distinct from all other species except Xylocarpus granatum. Avicennia marina var. resinifera was able to be distinguished from Avicennia marina by cluster analysis, supporting its assignment as a distinct variety. The results show that the lipids of mangroves are chemotaxonomically significant.