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1.
《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1980,13(1):101-107
Principles of Crop Improvement, by N. W. Simmonds
Marine Organisms – Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, edited by B. Battaglia & J. A. Beardrnore
Arthropod Phytogeny, edited by A. P. Gupta. Van Nostrand Reinhold
Field Guide to the Land Snails of Britain and North-west Europe, by M. P. Kernev & R. A. D. Cameron; illustrated by Gordon Riley
Key to the Fishes of Northern Europe, by Alwync Wheeler; illustrated by Peter Stebbing; maps by F. Rodney Fraser
Penguin Nature Guides: The Biology of Flowers, by Eigil Holm; illustrated by Thomas BredsdorfT; translated by Joan Tate; edited & adapted by Ronald Melville
Penguin Nature Guides: Orchids of Northern Europe, by Sven Nilsson; illustrated by Bo Mossberg; edited & adapted by P. Francis Hunt
A New Look at the Dinosaurs, by Alan Charig. Heinemann 相似文献
Marine Organisms – Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, edited by B. Battaglia & J. A. Beardrnore
Arthropod Phytogeny, edited by A. P. Gupta. Van Nostrand Reinhold
Field Guide to the Land Snails of Britain and North-west Europe, by M. P. Kernev & R. A. D. Cameron; illustrated by Gordon Riley
Key to the Fishes of Northern Europe, by Alwync Wheeler; illustrated by Peter Stebbing; maps by F. Rodney Fraser
Penguin Nature Guides: The Biology of Flowers, by Eigil Holm; illustrated by Thomas BredsdorfT; translated by Joan Tate; edited & adapted by Ronald Melville
Penguin Nature Guides: Orchids of Northern Europe, by Sven Nilsson; illustrated by Bo Mossberg; edited & adapted by P. Francis Hunt
A New Look at the Dinosaurs, by Alan Charig. Heinemann 相似文献
2.
The effects of caffeine (2 mg/ml) and the protease inhibitor antipain (1.75 mb/ml) in the plating agar medium on the yields of prototrophic revertants induced by 10 mutagens in E. coli uvrA? strains were tested. Mutagenesis by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide was greatly diminished by both caffeine and antipain. UV mutagenesis was decreased moderately by caffeine, and greatly by antipain. X-Ray mutagenesis was decreased very slightly by both caffeine and antipain. Mutagenesis by N-hydroxyurethan was inhibited moderately by caffeine, and greatly by antipain; that by methyl methanesulfonate was inhibited moderately by both caffeine and antipain, and that by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine wa was not suppressed by caffeine but was inhibited moderately by antipain. Mutagenesis by ethyl methanesulfonate was inhibited greatly by caffeine, but only slightly by antipain. The antimutagenic effect of caffeine was strong on furylfuramide (AF-2) mutagenesis, moderate on that of mitomycin C (tested with B/r type strain) and negligible on that of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. These diverse antimutagenesis patterns are briefly discussed in relation to the current idea that antipain antimutagenesis is due to inhibition of inducible error-prone repair. 相似文献
3.
Tatsumi Nagahama Mitsuru Takata 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1990,167(1):1-10
1. | Spikes in Aplysia MA1 neurons produced excitatory (EJPs), inhibitory (IJPs), and diphasic inhibitory-excitatory junction potentials in different fibers of the buccal muscles. |
2. | The IJPs following the MA1 spikes were recorded in the muscle fibers innervated by the jaw-closing motoneurons. The depolarization of muscle fibers produced by the motoneurons was largely suppressed by simultaneous MA1 firing, suggesting that the MA1 neurons make a direct connection to a part of the muscle fibers innervated by these motoneurons and inhibit them. |
3. | The excitatory and inhibitory components of the junction potentials produced by MA1 were reversibly blocked by hexamethonium and d-tubocurarine, respectively. In contrast, the EJPs produced by the jaw-closing motoneurons were blocked by an amino acid antagonist, suggesting that the MA1 neurons and the jaw-closing motoneurons use different transmitters in the nerve-muscle junctions. |
4. | The jaw movement produced by the jaw-closing motoneurons was suppressed by simultaneous MA1 firing, and the suppression was released by d-tubocurarine, suggesting that the IJPs produced by MA1 may contribute to the suppression of jaw movement. The firing of MA1 produced the vertical movement of the buccal muscles, which was blocked by hexamethonium, suggesting that the EJPs produced by MA1 may contribute to the vertical movement. |
4.
John H. Northrop 《The Journal of general physiology》1964,48(1):73-78
Lambda coli phage is not inactivated by chymotrypsin, trypsin, or ficin. T2 phage is slowly inactivated by high concentrations of (α-, β-, γ-, or Δ-chymotrypsin, but not by trypsin or ficin. P1 phage is slowly inactivated by α-, β-, or γ-chymotrypsin, or ficin, more rapidly by Δ-chymotrypsin, and much more rapidly by trypsin. Crystalline egg albumin, crystalline serum albumin, E. coli nucleoprotein, and yeast nucleoprotein are hydrolyzed slowly by α-chymotrypsin. Yeast nucleoprotein, like P1 phage, is hydrolyzed more rapidly by Δ-chymotrypsin than by α-chymotrypsin, but not by trypsin or ficin. Neither phages nor native proteins were attacked by papain, carboxypeptidase, deoxyribonuclease, or ribonuclease. 相似文献
5.
Kuba M Higure Y Susaki H Hayato R Kuba K 《American journal of physiology. Cell physiology》2007,292(2):C896-C908
How the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria communicate with each other and how they regulate plasmalemmal Ca2+ entry were studied in cultured rat brown adipocytes. Cytoplasmic Ca2+ or Mg2+ and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by fluorometry. The sustained component of rises in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) produced by thapsigargin was abolished by removing extracellular Ca2+, depressed by depleting extracellular Na+, and enhanced by raising extracellular pH. FCCP, dinitrophenol, and rotenone caused bi- or triphasic rises in [Ca2+]i, in which the first phase was accompanied by mitochondrial depolarization. The FCCP-induced first phase was partially inhibited by oligomycin but not by ruthenium red, cyclosporine A, U-73122, a Ca2+-free EGTA solution, and an Na+-free solution. The FCCP-induced second phase paralleling mitochondrial repolarization was partially blocked by removing extracellular Ca2+ and fully blocked by oligomycin but not by thapsigargin or an Na+-deficient solution, was accompanied by a rise in cytoplasmic Mg2+ concentration, and was summated with a high pH-induced rise in [Ca2+]i, whereas the extracellular Ca2+-independent component was blocked by U-73122 and cyclopiazonic acid. The FCCP-induced third phase was blocked by removing Ca2+ but not by thapsigargin, depressed by decreasing Na+, and enhanced by raising pH. Cyclopiazonic acid-evoked rises in [Ca2+]i in a Ca2+-free solution were depressed after FCCP actions. Thus mitochondrial uncoupling causes Ca2+ release, activating Ca2+ release from the ER and store-operated Ca2+ entry, and directly elicits a novel plasmalemmal Ca2+ entry, whereas Ca2+ release from the ER activates Ca2+ accumulation in, or release from, mitochondria, indicating bidirectional mitochondria-ER couplings in rat brown adipocytes. plasmalemmal calcium entry; calcium release; mitochondrial depolarization; FCCP 相似文献
6.
Curtis RW 《Plant physiology》1968,43(1):76-80
Malformin and ethylene stimulate abscission of the primary leaves of Phaseolus aureus Roxb. in the dark, and abscission stimulation by both compounds is inhibited by indeleacetic acid and CO2. Ethylene production by malformin-treated buds is stimulated within 4 hours. and up to 8 days, after treatment. Malformin-induced growth disturbances in P. vulgaris L. and abscission in P. aureus are considered mediated by ethylene. Although root curvatures of Zea mays L. are induced by both malformin and ethylene, and malformin is inhibited by CO2, ethylene production is not stimulated by malformin. A role of ethylene in root curvatures induced by malformin is neither proposed nor disproved. 相似文献
7.
Book reviewed in this article: A World Like Our Own—Man and Nature in Madagascar, by Alison Jolly. Vertebrate Limb Regeneration, by H. Wallace. Statistical Methods in Biology, by N. T.J. Bailey Conservation and Evolution, by O. H. Frankel & M. E. Soule Evolution in Age-structured Populations by B. Charlesworth Essential Biology, by Herbert T. Hendrickson Flora Suzakiensis, edited by Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household Phylogenetic Patterns and the Evolutionary Process, by N. Eldredge & J. Cracraft Excursion Flora of the British Isles, by A. R. Clapham, T. G. Tutin & E. F. Warburg Whales, by W. N. Bonner Les Chevaux, Fossiles et Actuels, by V. Eisenmann Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance, by David S. Brown Symbiosis in Cell Evolution, by Lynn Margulis Vegetation Dynamics, by J. Miles 相似文献
8.
Thomas J. Wincek Floyd W. Sweat 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1976,437(2):571-576
The results reported here show some characteristics of adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) derived from homogenates of rat spleen, and describe the in vitro stimulation of this enzyme by prostaglandins, nucleotides, and F− under conditions where cyclic nucleotide degradative pathways are effectively inhibited.Particulate fractions from rat spleen homogenates contain high adenylate cyclase activities, and the highest specific activity is recovered in a particulate fraction prepared by low speed (1200 × g) centrifugation. Activity found in all particulate fractions is stimulated by fluoride, prostaglandins E1 and E2, catecholamines, and purine nucleotides. No stimulation is caused by prostaglandins F1α and F2α. Stimulation by prostaglandin E1 or E2 is augmented by GTP and other purine nucleotides, and stimulation by the combination of GTP and prostaglandin E1 is equal to that caused by optimal fluoride concentrations. Stimulation c caused by L-isoproterenol is additive to that caused by GTP but is not increased by GTP. 相似文献
9.
Root galls of rice caused by Meloidogyne graminicola were examined for natural colonization by nematophagous fungi from four fields with different nematode infestations. Old galls from severely infested fields had a higher frequency of Monacrosporium eudermatum and Stylopaga hadra than young galls. The frequency of Arthrobotrys oligospora, Arthrobotrys dactyloides, Dactylaria brochopaga and Monacrosporium gephyropagum was lower. A greater proportion (%) of root galls were colonized by nematophagous fungi in those fields in which rice roots had a greater root gall index. This indicated that disease severity supported the colonization of galls by nematophagous fungi. In vitro predacity tests of four fungi showed that A. dactyloides was most effective in capturing and killing J2 of Mel. graminicola followed by D. brochopaga and Mon. eudermatum. Application of inocula of A. dactyloides and D. brochopaga in soil infested with Mel. graminicola, respectively, reduced the number of root galls by 86% and of females by 94%, and eggs and juveniles by 94%. The application of these fungi to soil increased plant growth: shoot length by 42.7% and 39.8%, root length by 45.5% and 48.9%, fresh weight of shoot by 59.9% and 56.7% and fresh weight of root by 20.3% and 25.1%, respectively, compared to these parameters for plants grown in nematode‐infested soil. 相似文献
10.
S. F. Cook 《The Journal of general physiology》1928,11(4):339-348
The oxygen in hemoglobin is liberated by K3Fe(CN)6 and not by KCN, that in hemocyanin by KCN and not by K3Fe(CN)6, that in hemerythrin by both, and that in echinochrome by K3Fe(CN)6 and not by KCN. The bearing of these results on the nature of the substances involved is discussed. 相似文献
11.
Louis J. Ignarro Carl S. Gruetter 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1980,631(2):221-231
Glyceryl trinitrate specifically required cysteine, whereas NaNO2 at concentrations less than 10 mM required one of several thiols or ascorbate, to activate soluble guanylate cyclase from bovine coronary artery. However, guanylate cyclase activation by nitroprusside or nitric oxide did not require the addition of thiols or ascorbate. Whereas various thiols enhanced activation by nitropruside, none of the thiols tested enhanced activation by nitric oxide. S-Nitrosocysteine, which is formed when cysteine reacts with either NO2? or nitric oxide, was a potent activator of guanylate cyclase. Similarly, micromolar concentrations of the S-nitroso derivatives of penicillamine, GSH and dithiothreitol, prepared by reacting the thiol with nitric oxide, activated guanylate cyclase. Guanylate cyclase activation by S-nitrosothiols resembled that by nitric oxide and nitroprusside in that activation was inhibited by methemoglobin, ferricyanide and methylene blue. Similarly, guanylate cyclase activation by glyceryl trinitrate plus cysteine, and by NaNO2 plus either a thiol or ascorbate, was inhibited by methemoglobin, ferricyanide and methylene blue. These data suggest that the activation of guanylate cyclase by each of the compounds tested may occur through a common mechanism, perhaps involving nitric oxide. Moreover, these findings suggest that S-nitrosothiols could act as intermediates in the activation of guanylate cyclase by glyceryl trinitrate, NaNO2 and possibly 相似文献
12.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2109-2110
Growth of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on iron- and sulfur-salts media and iron oxidizing activity of this bacterium were strongly inhibited by bisulfite ion. The mechanism of inhibition by bisulfite ion of iron-oxidizing activity was studied with the plasma membrane of T. ferrooxidans AP19-3. The c-type cytochrome in the plasma membrane was reduced by ferrous ion and the cytochrome reduced by Fe2+ was oxidized by cytochrome c oxidase in the plasma membrane. In contrast, c-type cytochrome was reduced by bisulfite ion, but it was not oxidized by cytochrome c oxidase in the membrane. Cytochrome c-oxidizing activity was also inhibited by the ion when mammalian cytochrome c was used as an electron donor, suggesting that cytochrome c oxidase, one of the component of iron oxidase, is the site of inhibition by bisulfite ion. 相似文献
13.
Y Keisari 《Cellular immunology》1982,67(1):60-73
Guinea pig peritoneal macrophages (GPPM) exhibited enhanced production of O2? and H2O2, and cytolytic activity toward erythrocytes, in response to reagents such as 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), its methylated derivative 4-O-MeTPA, Con A, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and opsonized zymosan. In order to examine the possible role of oxidative burst products such as O2? and H2O2 in the cytolytic process, we used reagents and enzymes which influence the balance of O2? and H2O2 outside and inside the GPPM cells. Macrophage-mediated cytolysis (MMC) of erythrocytes in the presence of the activators and modulators was assessed by 51Cr release assay. MMC activated by TPA and 4-O-MeTPA was inhibited by scavengers of H2O2 such as catalase and α-tocopherol, and was augmented by the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, and by horseradish peroxidase. TPA- and 4-O-MeTPA-activated MMC was only partially inhibited by the O2? scavenger cytochrome c and the enzyme superoxide dismutase and unaffected by cytochalasin D (an inhibitor of phagocytosis). MMC activated by the lectins Con A and WGA was unaffected by the scavengers and enzymes used, but markedly inhibited by cytochalasin D. Activation of MMC by TPA, WGA, and phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan, as well as O2? and H2O2 generation triggered by these reagents, were markedly inhibited by chlorpromazine. The results indicate that GPPM-mediated cytolysis activated by lectins, phorbol ester derivatives, and phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan, is dependent on the generation of oxidative burst products, mainly H2O2. TPA- or 4-O-MeTPA-activated MMC is mainly an extracellular event, while lectin-activated MMC may take place within the macrophages. 相似文献
14.
The reduction of ferricyanide by spinach and pea chloroplast particles was the same under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The rate of ferricyanide reduction by these particles uncoupled by ammonium chloride or carboxycyanide p-trifluoromethoxyhydrazone, or or particles uncoupled by sonic oscillation, was inhibited by anaerobic conditions. This inhibition by anaerobicity may explain the cessation of the photolysis of water as measured by H2 production in reconstituted preparations consisting of chloroplast particles, ferredoxin and fully active hydrogenase. 相似文献
15.
Jun-Qiu Song Xu Teng Yan Cai Chao-Shu Tang Yong-Fen Qi 《Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death》2009,14(11):1299-1307
Intermedin (IMD) is a novel member of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide family. We investigated the cardioprotective
mechanism of IMD1–53 in the in vivo rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and in vitro primary neonatal cardiomyocyte model
of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Myocardial infarct size was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Cardiomyocyte
viability was determined by trypan blue staining, cell injury by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis
by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay, Hoechst staining, gel electrophoresis
and caspase 3 activity. The translocation of mitochondrial cytochrome c of myocardia and expression of apoptosis-related factors
Bcl-2 and Bax, phosphorylated Akt and phosphorylated GSK-3β were determined by western blot analysis. IMD1–53 (20 nmol/kg) limited the myocardial infarct size in rats with I/R; the infarct size was decreased by 54%, the apoptotic index
by 30%, and caspase 3 activity by 32%; and the translocation of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol was attenuated.
IMD1–53 increased the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 and ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax by 81 and 261%, respectively. IMD1–53 (1 × 10−7 mol/L) inhibited the H/R effect in cardiomyocytes by reducing cell death by 43% and LDH leakage by 16%; diminishing cellular
apoptosis; decreasing caspase 3 activity by 50%; and increasing the phosphorylated Akt and GSK-3β by 41 and 90%, respectively.
The cytoprotection of IMD1–53 was abolished with LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. In conclusion, IMD1–53 exerts cardioprotective effect against myocardial I/R injury through the activation of the Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway to
inhibit mitochondria-mediated myocardial apoptosis. 相似文献
16.
J.M. Ritter M-A. Ongari S.E. Barrow M.A. Orchard I.A. Blair P.J. Lewis 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1982,24(6):881-886
A discrepancy between published values of PGI2 production by human umbilical artery
measured by platelet bioassay, compared with values of 6-oxo-PGF1α by radioimmunoassay, raised the possibility that another anti-aggregatory prostanoid was produced by this tissue. To test this hypothesis, umbilical artery rings were incubated in buffer and PGI2 determined by platelet bioassay and by a more specific radioimmunoassay based on comparison of 6-oxo-PGF1α in hydrolysed and non-hydrolysed samples. 6-oxo-PGF1a, PGF2α and TXB2 were also measured by gas chromatography negative ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. PGI2 concentrations by radioimmunoassay and bioassay were significantly correlated (r = 0.92, p < 0.01). There was no difference between them, disproving the presence of an additional antiaggregatory substance. PGI2 production determined by bioassay (mean 1.21 ng/mg wet weight/h, range 0.59–1.53 ng/mg/h) differed from previously reported values (range 70–325 ng/mg/h). 6-oxo-PGF1α concentrations were confirmed by gas chromatography negative ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. Previous determinations of PGI2 production by this tissue overestimated it by approximately 100 times. 相似文献
17.
《Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society》1993,108(4):367-376
Book reviewed in this article: Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates. Vol. VI. Echinoderms and Lophophorates, edited by A. C. Giese, J. S. Pearse and V. B. Pearse. Pacific Grove, California, U.S.A. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History, by T. B. Larsen. The Land and Freshwater Molluscs of Suffolk, by I. J. Killeen. Ipswich, U.K. Flycatcher. Memoirs of an Amateur Entomologist by K. A. Spencer. Ecosystems of the World 24. Intertidal and Littoral Ecosystems, edited by A. C. Mathieson and P. H. Nienhuis. Revision of the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), by Helmut Zibrowius and Stephen D. Cairns. Paris: Mémoires du Musée Nationale d'Histoire Naturellee, 1992. Animals and Disease. An Introduction to the History of Comparative Medicine, by L. Wilkinson. The Inevitable Bond. Examining Scientist-Animal Interactions, edited by H. Davis and D. Balfour. Martin Lister's English Spiders (1678), edited by J. Parker and B. Harley (translated by M. Davies and B. Harley)). The Ecology of Fishes on Coral Reefs, edited by P. F. Sale. San Diego, USA: The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity, by M. J. Scoble. Bats. A Community Perspective, by J. S. Findley. The Insects of Australia. A textbook for students and research workers, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Second Edition. Botanical monkeys, by E. J. H. Corner. The Biology of Millipedes, by S. P. Hopkin and H. J. Read. Mammals in the Palaearctic Desert: Status and Trends in the Sahara-Gobian Region, edited by J. A. McNeely and V. M. Neronov. Coelenterate Biology: Recent Research on Cnidaria and Ctenophora, edited by R. B. Williams, P. F. S. Cornelius, R. G. Hughes and E. A. Robson. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991. Animal Behaviour, 4th ed., by A. Manning and M. S. Dawkins. Weevils, Naturalists' Handbook 16, by M. G. Morris. Insects on Cabbage and Oilseed Rape. Naturalists' Handbooks 18, by W. D. J. Kirk. 相似文献
18.
André Andrian Padial Sidinei Magela Thomaz Angelo Antonio Agostinho 《Hydrobiologia》2009,624(1):161-170
Macrophytes have a fundamental structuring role in aquatic environments. Several authors have suggested that trophic interactions
are particularly mediated by aquatic plants. In the current article, we evaluated the effects of the structural heterogeneity
provided by Eichhornia azurea (Kunth) roots on predation and habitat use by the small fish Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae (Steindachner). We tested the hypotheses that (i) high structural heterogeneity protects macroinvertebrates against predation
by M. sanctaefilomenae; (ii) distinct prey types are differently protected by the refuge provided by roots; and (iii) the behavior of M. sanctaefilomenae is affected by the structural heterogeneity provided by macrophyte roots. To test these hypotheses, we performed an experiment
in 20 l aquaria in which macroinvertebrates (Cypricercus sp. and Chironomus sp.) were exposed to M. sanctaefilomenae predation for 4 h under three structural heterogeneities, represented by different root densities. High structural heterogeneity
protected macroinvertebrates against predation. Additionally, E. azurea roots similarly protected different prey species. The macrophyte spatial structure substantially changed the habitat use
of M. sanctaefilomenae. In general, our results corroborated the hypothesis that the structural heterogeneity provided by E. azurea roots significantly affects predation and habitat use by M.
sanctaefilomenae.
Handling editor: S. Declerck 相似文献
19.
The effect of buffers and chelators on the reaction of luminol with Fenton's reagent near neutral pH
G. Bottu 《Luminescence》1991,6(3):147-151
The chemiluminescence of the system luminol +Fe2+ + H2O2 was measured in aqueous buffer at pH 7.2. In veronal (5,5-diethybarbiturate) buffer, the luminescence is strongly quenched by ethanol and mannitol, but only weakly by t-butanol, benzoate and superoxide dismutase (SOD); complexing Fe2+ with 1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2′-dipyridyl causes a decrease of light production that can be partially obviated by the simultaneous addition of SOD. In phosphate buffer, the luminescence is higher than in veronal and it is efficiently quenched by all four OH · quenchers and by SOD. In Tris buffer, no light production is observed as long as the Fe2+ is not complexed. When Fe2+ is complexed by pyrophosphate or phytate, there is a strong chemiluminescence in all three buffers, which is quenched by all four OH · quenchers and by SOD. When Fe2+ is complexed by EDTA or DTPA, very little luminescence is observed. The luminol analogue phthalhydrazide, which was suggested by Merényi and Lind as a reliable OH · detector, can replace luminol only in phosphate buffer, and thus turns out to be very specific indeed for free OH ·. 相似文献
20.
《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1987,255(2):274-278
Vanadyl (V(IV)) salts autoxidize in neutral aqueous solution yielding O2− plus vanadate (V(V)) and these, in turn, cause the oxidation of NADH, by a free radical chain reaction. This oxidation of NADH was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, but not by a scavenger of HO.. When H2O2 was present V(IV)) caused rapid oxidation of NADH by a process which was unaffected by superoxide dismutase but was inhibited by a scavenger of HO.. This appeared to be dependent upon reduction of H2O2 to OH− plus HO., by V(IV)), followed by oxidation of NADH by HO.. Since there are reductants, within cells, capable of reducing V(V)) to V(IV), these reactions are likely to contribute to the toxicity of vanadate. 相似文献