中国粘菌X:中国团毛菌科补记

本文补报了中国团毛菌科四个种,弱小团网菌Arcyria exigua sp. nov.和聚生团网菌Arcyria aggregata sp. nov.为新种,瑞士团网菌Arcyria helvetica和纹丝半网菌Hemitrichia intorta为中国新记录种。文中对二新种进行了描述,附有形态特征电镜扫描照片,并讨论了与相似种间的区别。新种的模式标本保存在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

中国菌绒孢属的研究

菌绒孢是一个小属,已描述过的种约50个,都是植物寄生菌,有的引致植物病害还较 严重.本文报告了我国产的21个种,其中1个是新种,4个是新组合和2个新记录,对18个种均有英文描述和附图,新种还附有拉丁文简介,各个种的地区分布也予以载述.但文中有分布地区而其后未附HMAS标本号码者多系据《中国真菌总汇》(1979)转录.从前人的描述和我们研究中看出,菌绒孢属的属级特征有:(1)产孢细胞合生,合轴式多点全壁芽茁产孢;(2)分生孢子梗壁上和分生孢子顶端和基脐,或仅基脐的孢痕疤明显而厚;(3)分生孢子梗主要从表生甸甸菌丝上作为侧枝或顶生,但有的种也兼有从子座上 簇生的;(4)菌丝多结集成菌丝绳或攀缘于叶毛上;(5)分生孢子链生,少数种也不链生. 这就清楚表明菌绒孢属与尾孢菌属和色链隔孢属(Phaeoramularia)少不同之处在于,尾孢 菌和色链隔孢属二者的分生孢子梗均成簇发生且无表生匍匐菌丝,与极其近似的假尾孢属(Pseudocercospora)不同之处在于,后者的分生孢子梗也着生于表生匍匐状菌丝和簇 生于子座上,但其分生孢子梗和分生孢子的孢痕疤却薄而不明显,因而易于区别开.虽然1974年von Arx在其《纯培养产孢真菌的属》一书中,曾把菌绒孢属作为枝孢 属(Cladosporium)的异名,但这一观点我们未予接受,其理由已在《中国色链隔孢曲(1982)一文中加以说明,这里未予重述.上述这21个种除3个种,即M. costaricensis, M, pawlownicola和M. vaginae我们未获得研究材料,仅据以前作者的报导转录外,其余18个种均系根据标本进行的.这些标本,含M. merremiae sp. nov.的模式标本在内,均贮藏于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室.     

New or little-known species of exotic Tipulidae (Diptera). XIX

Four new species of Antocha, one new species of Gonomyia, two new species of Trentepohlia and one new species of Erioptera are described from stations in Sikkim and Assam. Additional illustrations of previously described species of Antocha and Trentepohlia are included.     

中国假尾孢属的研究 I

假尾孢属(Pseudocercospora)是尾孢菌属(Cercospora)的近似属中最大的一个属,Deighton估计约有500种尾孢菌需要转到假尾孢属,目前全世界已描述假尾孢菌400多个种,且都是植物寄生菌,有些种能引致植物严重病害。Spegazzini于1910年建立了假尾孢属,但1976年以前,大多被归属于尾孢菌属内。1971年Ellis对此属的特征作了精简描述,1976年报导了3个新组合。1976年以后,假尾孢属虽先后有不少新种和新组合被其他作者发表,但系统研究此属的则系Deighton o Deighton 1976年对假尾孢属的研究史、与近似属的区别以及属的特征都作了详细描述,并报道了世界性假尾孢菌的21个新种,202个新组合和3个新名称,于1979年和1987年又报道了15个新种和39个新组合。假尾孢属与尾孢菌属,针尾孢属(Cercoseptoria)及假小尾孢属(Pseudocercosporella)非常相似,但不同的是尾孢菌属产孢细胞不具齿突,疤痕明显加厚,分生孢子梗不从表生菌丝上产生,分生孢子大多无色,针形;针尾孢属分生孢子窄(不超过3µm),针形,不呈倒棍棒形,无表生菌丝;假小尾孢属分生孢子梗和分生孢子均无色,子座与假尾孢属也不大相同. 本文报道中国产的假尾孢菌60个种,其中有一个新种(八角枫假尾孢),25个新组合和3个新记录.     

Discovery of three new species of the genus Gyrophaena Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) in Korea

Three new species of the mycophagous aleocharine genus Gyrophaena Mannerheim are described in Korea. The types and paratypes of the new species are designated. Illustrations of the diagnostic characters and habitus photographs of new species are provided with a key to Korean species of Gyrophaena.     

Rhagodiinae: A new subtribe in the Chenopodiaceae

A new subtribe, Rhagodiinae, is described in the tribe Chenopodieae of the Chenopodiaceae. Three genera are included in this new subtribe: Rhagodia with 8 species, Einadia with 3 species, and Holmbergia with a single species. All the species are fully described and keys to the genera and species are given. Four new combinations are proposed: Rhagodia deltophylla, Einadia nutans, Einadia hastata and Einadia triandra.     

中国粘菌Ⅶ:团毛菌科的新种和新记录种

本文报告了团毛菌科中的二个新种:Perichaena membranea sp. nov.; Perichaena poronema sp. nov及二个国内新纪录种:Trichia erecta Rex和Arcyria abietina (A.Wigand) N. E. Nannenga-Bremekamp.新种有拉T文描述及扫描电镜照片,讨论了新种与相近种的关系。模式标本收藏于HMAS北京和HJAU长春。     

A study of Orgilinae and Microtypinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Turkey with the description of a new species

We describe a new braconid species of the genus Orgilus (O. radialiformis Beyarslan, sp. n.) and give data for 19 species of Microtypinae and Orgilinae from Turkey, of which 12 are new to the Turkish fauna. The new species is compared with the related species Orgilus (O.) radialis. Information on the distribution, host relationships of species and diagnostic characters are provided for each species.     

A new sinistral species of the land-snail genus Satsuma (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) from China

ABSTRACT

The species of Satsuma are mostly endemic to East Asia except for one species distributed in Batan Island of the Philippines. More than 99% of the known species of this genus are endemic to the island environment. Only three species are currently known to occur on the mainland. Here we describe a new sinistral Satsuma species from China, Satsuma guandi n. sp. We studied the shell morphology and genital anatomy of the new species and reconstructed the molecular phylogeny of the genus based on partial nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and nuclear markers from the ribosomal RNA cistrons (the internal transcribed spacer and the external transcribed spacer regions). The new species differs from other sinistral Satsuma species by having a strongly angulated shell and an open dark brownish-red umbilicus. The new species also differed from all other sinistral congeners in details of its reproductive anatomy. The molecular analysis supports the validity of the new species within the genus Satsuma.     

Studies on the synnematous fungi imperfecti. I

Summary Pseudographiella with the type species,P. variaseptata, andPhragmographium with the type species,P. ulmi, are described as new synnematous taxa. Both of these new species produce phragmospores. In addition, a new species ofDendrostilbella, D. bonari, is described as new.     

The Protohermes fruhstorferi species group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Corydalinae), with description of a new species from Vietnam

A new species group, the Protohermes fruhstorferi group of the dobsonfly genus Protohermes, is recognised. Three species belonging to the new species group are described and illustrated, including one new species from northern Vietnam.     

Known and two new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhytisma</Emphasis> (Rhytismatales,Ascomycota) from China

Three species of Rhytisma are described based on recently collected specimens from the Anhui province, China. Rhytisma anhuiense is a new species causing a serious tar spot disease on Rhododendron simsii. Rhytisma yuexiense is a new species, which develops its stromata only on fallen leaves of Rhododendron ovatum. Rhytisma himalense on Ilex fargesii is a known species and probably widely distributed in China. Including the two new species, 11 species of Rhytisma are known from China which are presented in a key.     

Five Simuliidae (Diptera) from West Cameroon

The male, female, pupa and larva of a new phoretic species of Simulium are described. A new species-group is established for this species and S.diceros, and its systematic position is discussed. Two other new species of Simulium are described from pupal material, and new forms of S.palmeri and S.berghei are recorded.     

Revision of the genus Thambemyia Oldroyd (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) with description of a new subgenus

The genus Thambemyia Oldroyd is revised. Five species are recognized. Three new species –T. bisetosa, T. bruneiensis and T. hui– are described, and T. pagdeni Oldroyd, 1956 is redescribed. A new subgenus is founded for one new Japanese species, T. (Prothambemyia) japonica. A key to all known species of the genus is provided. Their distributions are also discussed.     

The benthic dinoflagellate genus Amphidinium in south-eastern Australian waters,including three new species

Seventeen species of the mainly sand-dwelling genus Amphidinium are reported from south-eastern Australian waters. Three new species are described: A. boggayum, A. mootonorum and A. yuroogurrum. Additional features from previously described species are presented, including non-motile cell stages. Nine of these species are new records for Australia; however, these species are probably widespread and common. Two potentially ichthyotoxic species of Amphidinium were commonly found: A. carterae and A. cf. operculatum. A table of morphological characters is compiled as a step towards recognizing new characters with which to group species of this presently artificially defined unarmoured dinoflagellate genus.     

河北小五台山叶生丝孢菌

小五台山自然保护区位于河北省西部,为河北省第一高峰。变化悬殊的地形,使其由低谷到亚高山草甸呈明显独特的垂直植被类型分布带,山势陡峻,谷路隘险,具有华北地区罕见的森林植被及丰富的植物资源。狭谷陡峰,葳蒐险奇的地形地貌,又形成了多变的气候特征,因此蕴藏着相当丰富的真菌资源。作者1990年8月在该地区考察期间,共采集涉及林木、农作物、花卉、蔬菜等植物病害标本240份。本文报道小五台山的丝孢菌(Hyphomycetes)14属40种,其中有二个新种:(木来)木菌绒孢(Mycovellosiella coni Y.L.Guo, sp. nov.),五味子色链隔孢(Phaeoramularia schisandrae Y.L. Guo, sp. nov.)和7个中国新记录种:沼泽尾孢(Cercospora paludicola Speg.),白面子菌绒孢[Mycovellosiella ariae(Fuckel) U. Braun],薯蓣菌绒孢[Mycovellosiella dioscorae(Vassiljevski) Pons & Sutton],当归柱隔孢(Ramularia angelicae v. Hohnel),白芷柱隔孢[Ramularia heraclei(Oud.)Sacc.),莴苣柱隔孢(Ramularia lactucosa Lamb. & Fautr.)和虎耳草柱隔孢(Ramularia saxifragae Syd.)。(木来)来木菌绒孢(Mycovellosiella coni Y.L. Guo, sp. nov.)生于山茱萸科(Cornaceae)华尔特氏掠子木(Cornus walteri Wanger.)叶上。子实体生于叶背面。次生菌丝体表生。无子座。分生孢子梗1-3根从气孔伸出或作为侧枝单生于表生菌丝上,近无色,分枝,曲膝状,1-2个隔膜,5.0-50.0 × 2.5-4.0 μm。分生孢子圆柱形,无色,链生并具枝链,0-4个隔膜,6.5-45.0 × 2.0-4.0 μm。在山茱萸科尚无菌绒孢属的报道,且该菌与已报道的尾孢属菌形态特征也不同,故定为新种。五味子色链隔孢(Phaeoramularia schisandrae Y.L. Guo, sp. nov.)生于五味子科(Schisandraceae)五味子[Schisandra chinensis (Tunz.) Baill.]叶上,子实体生于叶背面。菌丝体内生。具子座。分生孢子梗紧密簇生,浅青黄褐色,不分枝,曲膝状,1-5个隔膜,20.0-75.0 (-95.0) × 4.0-5.0 μm。分生孢子圆柱形,近无色,链生并具枝链,1-4个隔膜,15.0-40.0 × 3.0-4.0 μm。五味子科既无尾孢菌属也无色链隔孢属的报道。文中为新种提供了拉丁文简介、描述和图,新记录种进行了简要描述。研究的标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMAS)。     

The lichen genus Heterodermia (Physciaceae) in South America – a contribution including five new species

Thirty‐three species of the lichen genus Heterodermia in South America, mainly from Ecuador and Peru, are defined. Morphology, anatomy, chemistry, habitat, distribution and interrelation between the species are discussed. A key to the treated species is presented. Five species are described as new; Heterodermia andina, H. arvidssonii, H. badia, H. fertilis and H. parva. One new combination is proposed; H. spinigera. Two species are reported as new to South America, H. spathulifera and H subcitrina, and H. palpebrata is reported as new to USA.     

Two New Lacconectus Species from Vietnam (Coleoptera; Dytiscidae)

Two new species of Lacconectus Motschulsky are described from Vietnam, Lacconectus valeriae sp. n. and L. baolocensis sp. n., and a key is given for the species described from and occurring in that country. Together with the two new species, seven species are now known from Vietnam, and the number of Lacconectus species rises to 60.