New taxa and combinations in Malvastrum A. Gray (Malvaceae: Malveae)

The genusMalvastrum A. Gray is interpreted to include 22 taxa in 14 species. Seven taxa are here described as new, namely:M. americanum var.stellatum,M. tomentosum subsp.pautense,M. bicuspidatum subsp.campanulatum,M. bicuspidatum subsp.oaxacanum, M. bicuspidatum subsp.tumidum var.tumidum, M. bicuspidatum subsp.tumidum var.glabrum, andM. coromandelianum subsp.fryxellii. In addition, two new combinations are proposed, namely:M. tomentosum andM. coromandelianum subsp.capitato-spicatum.     

Taxonomy of Senecio multilobatus and its allies

A revision is presented for ten closely related species of western North America. The assemblage approximates the sectionsBolanderiani Greenman andLobati Rydb. Two new infraspecific combinations are made:Senecio bolanderi Gray var.harfordii (Greenman) T. M. Barkley, andS. eurycephalus Torr. & Gray ex Gray var.Iewisrosei (J. T. Howell) T. M. Barkley.     

The correct author citation of bunchosia (Malpighiaceae) and three new Central American species

The genusBunchosia is ascribed to Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth and should be cited asBunchosia Rich.ex H.B.K. Three new Central American species,B. brevisurcularis,B. ternata, andB. tutensis, are described, illustrated and plotted on a distribution map.     

New names,combinations, and lectotypifications in Heterotheca (Compositae: Astereae)

The following new names and combinations are proposed:Heterotheca barbata (Rydb.) Semple,H. horrida subsp.cinerascens (S. F. Blake) Semple,H. fulcrata vararizonica Semple,H. fulcrata var.senilis (Wooton & Standley) Semple,H. oregona var.compacta (Keck) Semple,H. oregona var.rudis (Greene) Semple,H. oregona var.scaberrima (A. Gray) Semple,H. pumila (Greene) Semple,H. villosa var.pedunculata (Greene) V. Harms ex Semple, andH. zionensis Semple. The following chromosome numbers are reported for the first time:H. fulcrata var.arizonica, 2n=9 _II ;H. horrida subsp.cinerascens, 2n=18 _II ;H. pumila, 2n=9 _II ,2n=18 _II ;H. zionensis, 2n=9 _II .     

New taxa of Apiaceae,Hydrophyllaceae and Saxifragaceae from Oregon and Idaho

One new taxon from Idaho,Saxifraga bryophora A. Gray var.tobiasiae, and two from Oregon,Cymopterus acaulis (Pursh) Raf. var.gree-Ieyorum andPhacelia lutea (Hook. & Arn.)J. T. Howell var.mackenzieorum are described and compared with their nearest relatives.     

New taxa in Pectis (Compositae: Pectidinae) from Mexico and the southwestern United States

Pectis minutiflora,P. papposa var.grandis, andP. purpurea var.sonorae are described as new. A new combination,P. purpurea var.lancifolia also is included. Chromosome counts (n = 12) are reported forP. papposa var.grandis andP. purpurea var.sonorae.     

New penstemons (scrophulariaceae) from the intermountain region

Four new species,Penstemon janishiae,P. barnebyi,P. mucronatus andP. patricus, and three new varieties,P. dolius var.duchesnensis. P. angustifolius var. vernalensis andP. acuminatus var.latebracteatus, all from the Intermountain Region, are described, illustrated and mapped, and relationships with next of kin are discussed.     

The taxonomy of eriodon and notes on other South American genera of brachytheciaceae with erect capsules

Eriodon is reduced from five species to two.Eriodon radicalis is recognized asEntodontopsis radicalis;Eriodon longipes asPorotrichodendron longipes; andE. brevisetus as synonymous withLindigia debilis. Mandoniella, Stenocarpidiopsis andLepyrodontopsis are discussed and illustrated.Lepyrodontopsis is transferred to the new familyLe pyrodontopsidaceae, near the Meteoriaceae. The following nomenclatural trans fers are proposed for Rozea:R. andrieuxii f.chrysea andR. andrieuxii var.bour gaeana. Sciuroleskea is transferred to an alliance withStereophyllum,Juratzkaea, Entodontopsis, Stenocarpidium andJuratzkaeella. The following transfers are proposed:Sciuroleskea roseorum (Williams asRozea) Buck andJuratzkaea argentinica (Thér. asJ. seminervis var.argentinica) Buck. A key to the erect-capsuled South American genera retained in the Brachytheciaceae is provided.     

Dragma hippomanicum X: Astragali (Leguminosae) nevadenses novi criticive,singulo peruviano adjecto

One new species,Astragalus tiehmii, and two new varieties,A. convallarius var.margaretae andA. oophorus var.lavinii, are described from Nevada; the relationships of each are discussed and the first is illustrated. Two new combinations,A. eurylobus (Barneby) Barneby andA. serenoi var.shockleyi (M. E. Jones) Barneby are proposed and defended. A new species,A. bryogenes, is described from high Andean Peru (Junín).     

New species of Gustavia (Lecythidaceae) from Panama,Colombia, and Venezuela

Gustavia monocaulis from east-central Panama,G. sessilis from the Chocó of Colombia, andG. flagellata, including two varieties (var.flagellata and var.costata) from the north-central coast of Venezuela, are described and their relationships with otherGustavia species discussed.     

Sphaeromeria,a genus closer to Artemisia than to Tanacetum (Asteraceae: Anthemideae)

A new species,Sphaeromeria ruthiae, from Zion National Park, and three new combinations,S. martirensis,S. compacta, andS. potentilloides var.nitrophila, are presented. Morphological and anatomical evidence is used to support the recognition ofSphaeromeria as distinct fromTanacetum.     

New species of Habracanthus (Acanthaceae) from Ecuador

Four new Ecuadorian species ofHabracanthus,H. asplundii from Pichincha,H. laxus andH. lugonis from Tungurahua, andH. luteynii from Napo, are described, illustrated, and compared with their closest relatives.     

Chromosome numbers in Heterotheca,including Chrysopsis (Compositae: Astereae), with Phylogenetic interpretations

A summation of both previously reported and original data on chromosome numbers is presented for species ofHeterotheca sens. lat. Chromosome numbers are listed for 24 taxa, including 20 different species. Chromosome numbers for the genus aren = 4, 5, 9, 12, and 18. The most common and possibly basic number for the genus isn = 9, with then = 18 taxa considered to be tetraploids, and those withn = 4 and 5 as probable aneuploid derivatives ; alternativelyn = 4 and 5 could be considered the basic numbers withn = 9 the result of polyploidy. Several nomenclatural changes have been made including the following new combinations:Heterotheca bolanderi (Gray) Harms,H. fastigiata (Greene) Harms, andH. villosa var.hispida (Hook.) Harms.     

Five new species of Heteropterys (Malpighiaceae) from Central and South America

Five-new taxa ofHeteropterys H. B. K. subsect.Aptychia Nied. are described, illustrated, and mapped:H. andina from Peru;H. minutiflora from Costa Rica; andH. bullata, H. capixaba, andH. oberdanii, from the Atlantic coastal forest of Brazil. The affinities and diagnostic characters of each species are discussed.     

A revision of the genus Oxytheca Nutt. (Polygonaceae)

The genusOxytheca of western North America and temperate South America consists of seven species which are keyed, described, discussed, illustrated, and mapped. They are divided among sect.Oxytheca, sect.Acanthoscyphus stat. & comb. nov., and sect.Neoxytheca sect. nov.Oxytheca dendroidea subsp.chilensis is given as a new combination, whileO. parishii var.cienegensis andO. parishii var.goodmaniana are described as new. The history and relationships of the genus are discussed. It is retained as distinct fromEriogonum and is thought to have arisen from the larger genus nearE. spergulinum, E. parishii, andE. apiculatum in subgenusGanysma. Cytological data indicatedn= 20.     

New and noteworthy plants from Great Barrier Reef sand cays,Australia

Observations are presented on new and critical plants from the northern sand cays on the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia, based mainly on recent collections made by David R. Stoddart and Ralf Buckley. New species and varieties are described:Lepturus stoddartii (Poaceae),Boerhavia fistulosa var.fistulosa and var.puberuliflora (Nyctaginaceae),Boerhavia albiflora var.heronensis, Spermacoce everistiana (Rubiaceae), andSpermacoce buckleyi; a new combination is made:Diospyros ferrea var.compacta (R. Br.) (Ebenaceae); and additional taxonomic notes are given onBoerhavia, Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae), andAbutilon (Malvaceae).     

New genera and species of ericaceae (Vaccinieae) from Costa Rica and Panama

Two new monotypic genera,Didonica andUtleya, are described, withD. pendula from Panama andU. costaricensis from Costa Rica.Disterigma trimera (Panama),D. utleyorum (Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador),Lateropora santafeensis (Panama),Lysiclesia panamensis (Panama),Macleania talamancensis (Costa Rica),Themistoclesia costaricensis (Costa Rica) andT. horquetensis (Panama),Vaccinium costaricense andV. orosiense (both from Costa Rica) and V.jefense (Panama) are all described as new. New combinations are provided for the PanamanianVaccinium floccosum (=Symphysia floccosa) and the West IndianVaccinium racemosum (=Symphysia racemosa). Keys are provided for the Central American species ofDisterigma andThemistoclesia, the species ofLateropora andLysiclesia, and the Costa Rican and Panamanian species ofVaccinium. Six new species are illustrated.     

A new name and new combinations in Campomanesia and Pimenta (Myrtaceae)

One new name is proposed and eleven new combinations are made inCampomanesia andPimenta. Lectotypes are selected forC. eugenioides var.desertorum, C. phaea, andP. racemosa var.hispaniolensis, var.ouza, and var.terebinthina.     

Notes on endangered buckwheats (Eriogonum: Polygonaceae) with three newly described from the western United States

Three unnamed buckwheats listed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in December 1980 as potentially endangered or threatened plants are formally proposed:E. crosbyae from Lake Co., Oregon;E. grande var.dunklei from San Miguel Island, Santa Barbara Co., California; andE. ovalifolium var.williamsiae from Washoe Co., Nevada. Several other species proposed by the Fish and Wildlife Service as potentially endangered or threatened (E. allenii, E. correllii, E. eremicum, E. floridanum, E. lemmonii, E. sp./sp. nov. ined. [=E.libertini], E. tumulosum, E. umbellatum var./var. nov. ined.,E. umbellatum var.minus, E. vestitum, andE. zionis var.coccineum) are discussed and evidence is given why they cannot be considered endangered or threatened under the present Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.