内蒙古宁城道虎沟地区中侏罗世非海相双壳类Ferganoconcha

Ferganoconcha是广泛分布于我国北部、中亚、西伯利亚和乌拉尔地区下、中侏罗统的一类非海相双壳类。Ferganoconchasibirica的产出表明道虎沟地区道虎沟层与辽西地区的海房沟组和冀北地区的九龙山组层位相当,时代介于早侏罗世晚期至中侏罗世之间。结合昆虫和叶肢介化石反映的时代,认为道虎沟层的时代可能为中侏罗世早中期。综合近年来在Ferganoconchidae的分类方面取得的进展,对F.sibirica进行了重新厘定。     

A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: introduction, Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Cimbicidae, Diprionidae, Xiphydriidae, Siricidae, Orussidae, Cephidae

Abstract Eight families of Symphyta for the Western Hemisphere south of the United States are reviewed: Xyelidae (one genus, two species), Pamphiliidae (one genus, four species), Cimbicidae (five genera, nine species), Diprionidae (three genera, thirteen species), Xiphydriidae (four genera, seventeen species), Siricidae (six genera, nine species), Orussidae (five genera, twelve species), and Cephidae (one genus, one species). New taxa are Acantholyda nigrostigmata (Pamphiliidae); Zadiprionfalsus, Neodiprion bicolor, N.equalis, N.omosus (Diprionidae); Derecyrta circularis, Steirocephala lateralba (Xiphydriidae); Sirotremex, S.flammeus (Siricidae); and Ophrynopus depressatus, O.plaumanni (Orussidae). Lopesiana is a new name for Lopesia Conde (Cimbicidae). Three new combinations and six new synonyms are proposed. The Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Diprionidae, Siricidae and Cephidae are primarily northern groups with southern extensions into Mexico, Central America and/or Cuba. The Cimbicidae, Xiphydriidae and Orussidae are more generally distributed throughout the neotropics. Keys to families, genera and species are provided.     

An exquisitely preserved harvestman (Arthropoda,Arachnida, Opiliones) from the Middle Jurassic of China

Sclerosomatids constitute the largest family of the arachnid order Opiliones, and one of the two families commonly found in the temperate regions of the northern Hemisphere. Harvestmen have a sparse fossil record in the Mesozoic, with only two species known from the Jurassic, one of them poorly preserved and none with precise phylogenetic placement. Here we report a new fossil, Mesobunus dunlopi sp. nov., from the Middle Jurassic (approx. 165 Mya) of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. The new species is related to another genus of the same formation, but the preservation quality and details of the penis and pedipalps allow us to place them in the extant sclerosomatid subfamilies Gagrellinae or Leiobuninae. The first recognisable fossil in this subfamily highlights morphological stasis over ca. 165 Mya and the finding of this species along with lacustrine insects suggests a life mode similar to that of some modern sclerosomatids, and a possible connection between morphological and ecological stasis.     

侏罗纪道虎沟生物群瘦魔蜂属(Leptephialtites Rasnitsyn,1975)一新种(昆虫纲:膜翅目:魔蜂科)（英文）

瘦魔蜂属(Leptephialtites Rasnitsyn,1975)是哈萨克斯坦晚侏罗世卡拉套生物群中魔蜂科魔蜂亚科的一个分异度比较高的类群,也曾报道于我国内蒙古宁城地区中-晚侏罗世道虎沟生物群,但没有描述和图示。本文对产自宁城道虎沟村中-上侏罗统道虎沟化石层的一块雌蜂标本进行了描述,将其归入瘦魔蜂属并建立了一新种:张氏瘦魔蜂(Leptephialtites zhangi Ding and Zhang,sp.nov.)。该新种区别于卡拉套生物群中瘦魔蜂属的所有种:前翅1-Rs脉长为其与翅痣基部距离之半(后者1-Rs脉不长于其与翅痣基部的距离),横脉1r-rs完整(后者1r-rs残存或完全消失);腹部纺锤状,最宽处在其中部(后者腹部最宽处位于其端半部)。本文还提供了瘦魔蜂属所有已知种的检索表。另外,瘦魔蜂属仅存在于卡拉套生物群和道虎沟生物群,证实了这两个生物群具有密切的关系。     

A new lasiosynid beetle from the Middle Jurassic of China with remarks on the systematic position of Lasiosynidae

A new beetle species, Lasiosyne laxa n. sp., is described from the Jurassic Daohugou deposits in Inner Mongolia, China. Its morphological significance and systematic position within the genus Lasiosyne Kirejtshuk et al., 2010a, Kirejtshuk et al., 2010b and the family Lasiosynidae are discussed. The research history of Lasiosynidae is summarized for the first time. The affiliation of Lasiosynidae to the superfamily Byrrhoidea is discussed in detail.     

First description of axymyiid fossils (Insecta: Diptera: Axymyiidae)

Two species of fossil insects from the Daohugou Formation of Chifeng City in Nei Monggol Autonomous Region, northeastern China are described, and recognized as Psocites pectinatus (Hong, 1983) nov. emend., nov. transl. and P. fossilis nov. sp. They are the oldest representatives of the family Callovian or Axymyiidae, and first described of this family in the Mesozoic. Although early the age of the fly-bearing beds is controversial, it is probably Oxfordian or Kimmeridgian (Late Jurassic) rather than Early Cretaceous or Middle Jurassic.     

New Phoenicopsis leaves (Czekanowskiales) from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota,China and their roles in phytogeographic and paleoclimatic reconstruction

The Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation, distributed in the Daohugou area, Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, China, is famous for yielding abundant, well-preserved fossil vertebrates and invertebrates. However, only a few fossil plants have been reported to date. In this paper, one new species of Czekanowskiales, Phoenicopsis (Windwardia) daohugouensis n. sp. is described based upon leaf morphology and epidermal characters. The new species represents the first record of Czekanowskiales from the Daohugou Biota. The discovery of the new species reveals the significance of the Daohugou flora as one of the deciduous forests in the temperate-warm temperate zone of Eurasia during the Middle Jurassic.     

Two new species of Sinosmylites Hong (Neuroptera, Berothidae) from the Middle Jurassic of China, with notes on Mesoberothidae

Two new species of the genus Sinosmylites Hong are described from the Middle Jurassic locality at Daohugou (Inner Mongolia, China): Sinosmylites fumosussp. n. and Sinosmylites rasnitsynisp. n. This is the oldest known occurrence of the family Berothidae. The berothid affinity of this genus is confirmed by examination of the hind wing venation characteristic of the family. The Late Triassic family Mesoberothidae may represent an early group of Berothidae.     

A new genus of the family Panfiloviidae (Insecta,Neuroptera) from the Middle Jurassic of China

Abstract: Epipanfilovia oviformis gen. et sp. nov. (Neuroptera: Panfiloviidae) is described from the Middle Jurassic locality of Daohugou (Inner Mongolia, China) based on six specimens. A revised diagnosis of this family is provided. It includes two genera, Panfilovia Makarkin and Epipanfilovia gen. nov.; Osmylogramma Ponomarenko is removed from the family. Panfiloviidae is most closely related to another Jurassic family Grammolingiidae, and both are provisionally assigned to the superfamily Osmyloidea.     

BIZARRE FOSSIL INSECTS: WEB-SPINNING SAWFLIES OF THE GENUS FERGANOLYDA (VESPIDA, PAMPHILIOIDEA) FROM THE MIDDLE JURASSIC OF DAOHUGOU, INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA

Abstract:  Three new species, attributed to the extinct family Xyelydidae of the Pamphilioidea (Order Vespida = Hymenoptera), are described from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China: Ferganolyda scylla sp. nov., F. charybdis sp. nov. and F. chungkuei sp. nov. The new material demonstrates that the genus Ferganolyda , which was previously considered to be a morphologically ordinary group of web-spinning sawflies, is in fact a highly unusual insect taxon. It is characterised, particularly in the male sex, by a huge head (about half as wide as the entire body length) and unusual modification of the antennae. Interpretation of the function of the unusual head and antennae is intriguing but unresolved.     

A golden orb-weaver spider (Araneae: Nephilidae: Nephila) from the Middle Jurassic of China

Nephila are large, conspicuous weavers of orb webs composed of golden silk, in tropical and subtropical regions. Nephilids have a sparse fossil record, the oldest described hitherto being Cretaraneus vilaltae from the Cretaceous of Spain. Five species from Neogene Dominican amber and one from the Eocene of Florissant, CO, USA, have been referred to the extant genus Nephila. Here, we report the largest known fossil spider, Nephila jurassica sp. nov., from Middle Jurassic (approx. 165 Ma) strata of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. The new species extends the fossil record of the family by approximately 35 Ma and of the genus Nephila by approximately 130 Ma, making it the longest ranging spider genus known. Nephilidae originated somewhere on Pangaea, possibly the North China block, followed by dispersal almost worldwide before the break-up of the supercontinent later in the Mesozoic. The find suggests that the palaeoclimate was warm and humid at this time. This giant fossil orb-weaver provides evidence of predation on medium to large insects, well known from the Daohugou beds, and would have played an important role in the evolution of these insects.     

Mesozoic Trachypachidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from China

Abstract: Four well‐preserved beetles, attributed to Eodromeinae within Trachypachidae, are described from the Mesozoic of Inner Mongolia, China. Eodromeus robustus sp. nov., E. daohugouensis sp. nov. and Unda chifengensis sp. nov. are from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou. The diagnostic characters for the two genera are revised, and all species of these genera are keyed. A new genus and species, Sinodromeus liutiaogouensis gen. nov., sp. nov., is described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liutiaogou. The current fossil records of Trachypachidae from China are reviewed, and only five species (four described here) can be convincingly attributed to this family. The morphological disparity of Mesozoic Eodromeinae suggests that they evolved a broad spectrum of locomotory lifestyles.     

Potrerilloxyela menendezi gen. et sp. nov. from the Late Triassic of Argentina: The oldest representative of Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) for Americas

Potrerilloxyela menendezi gen. et sp. nov. from the Potrerillos Formation, Cuyo Basin, early Upper Triassic, Mendoza Province, Argentina is described. It is included in the living family Xyelidae and tentatively placed in Liadoxyelini of Xyelinae, which is otherwise known only from the Jurassic of Asia. This record is the first for Hymenoptera in the Triassic of the New World and provides new evidence about the close faunal connections between Laurasia and Gondwana during Mesozoic times. The phylogenetic position of the new genus is discussed.     

Four new species of hangingflies (Insecta,Mecoptera, Bittacidae) from the Middle Jurassic of northeastern China

Two new species of Mongolbittacus Petrulevičius, Huang & Ren, 2007, Mongolbittacus speciosus sp. n. and Mongolbittacus oligophlebius sp. n., and two new species of Exilibittacus Yang, Ren & Shih, 2012, Exilibittacus foliaceus sp. n. and Exilibittacus plagioneurus sp. n., in the family Bittacidae, are described and illustrated based on five well-preserved fossil specimens. These specimens were collected from the late Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. These new findings enhance our understanding of the morphological characters of early hangingflies and highlight the diversity of bittacids in the Mid Mesozoic ecosystems.     

New species of Palaeobolbomyia Kovalev and Ussatchovia Kovalev (Diptera, Brachycera, Rhagionidae) from the Callovian-Oxfordian (Jurassic) Daohugou biota of China: Biostratigraphic and paleoecologic implications

Three new species of fossil snipe flies (Insecta, Diptera, Rhagionidae) from the Daohugou Formation of Chifeng City in Nei Monggol Autonomous Region (= Inner Mongolia), northeastern China are described as Palaeobolbomyia sinica nov. sp., Ussatchovia robusta nov. sp. and Ussatchovia gracilenta nov. sp. They represent the first records of the genera Palaeobolbomyia Kovalev and Ussatchovia Kovalev in China and have implications for stratigraphic correlation of the formations in which they are found. Although the precise age of the Daohugou Formation is currently unresolved, it is most likely Callovian-Oxfordian (latest Middle Jurassic-earliest Late Jurassic) rather than early Middle Jurassic (late Aalenian-early Bajocian) or Early Cretaceous.     

New archisargids from China (Insecta: Diptera)

The extinct family Archisargidae, which was rich in the Mesozoic, has been found in China, Kazakhstan and Mongolia. By now, six genera and 14 species have been found in Inner Mongolia and Liaoning Province of China. In this paper, two new species of the genus Mesosolva Hong, 1983 and a new genus Brevisolva gen. nov., represented by a new species belonging to the Archisargidae, are described from the Middle Jurassic deposits of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia. A key to the species of Mesosolva is given.     

Snipe flies (Diptera: Rhagionidae) from the Daohugou Formation (Jurassic), Inner Mongolia,and the systematic position of related records in China

Abstract: Four new species referred to three new genera and one known genus of fossil snipe flies (Family Rhagionidae) from the Daohugou Formation of Chifeng City in Inner Mongolia, north‐eastern China, are described as Daohugorhagio elongatus gen. et sp. nov., Parachrysopilus jurassicus gen. et sp. nov., Sinorhagio sinuatus sp. nov. and Trichorhagio gregarius gen. et sp. nov. These taxa represent only a fraction of the rhagionid assemblage in the Daohugou biota. They contribute towards the high diversity and abundance of snipe flies during the latest Middle Jurassic – earliest Late Jurassic. The diagnosis of Sinorhagio K. Zhang, Yang and Ren, 2006 is revised based on the new results. Many genera and species from the Lower Cretaceous of China have been assigned to Rhagionidae. Most of these do not actually belong to this family: specifically Mesorhagiophryne incerta Hong and Wang, 1990, M. robusta Hong and Wang, 1990, Mesostratiomyia laiyangensis Hong and Wang, 1990, Stratiomyopsis robusta Hong and Wang, 1990, Longhuaia orientalis Hong, Wang and Sun, 1992, Basilorhagio venusius Ren, 1995. Pauromyia oresbia Ren, 1998 is transferred to an archisargid genus as Sharasargus oresbius (Ren, 1998) comb. nov.     

The first find of chrysomelids (Insecta: Coleopetra: Chrysomeloidea) from Callovian-Oxfordian Daohugou biota of China

Tarsomegamerus mesozoicus nov. gen., nov. sp., an almost complete specimen of leaf beetle from the Callovian-Oxfordian of Daohugou Formation in Inner Mongolia, China is described. Tarsomegamerus mesozoicus is assigned to the Protoscelinae (Chrysomelidae, Coleoptera). This new leaf beetle represents the first record of chrysomeloids from Mesozoic of China and it extends the geographical distribution of Protoscelinae from central Asia into eastern Asia. This find provides new fossil material for studying the origin and evolution of Chrysomeloidea and by making a stratigraphic correlation of the correlative non-marine sedimentary rocks. Although the age of the Daohugou Formation is debatable it is most likely Callovian-Oxfordian (latest Middle Jurassic-earliest Late Jurassic) rather than early Middle Jurassic (late Aalenian-early Bajocian) or Early Cretaceous.     

辽西义县组长节锯蜂科(昆虫纲,膜翅目)昆虫化石

描述产自辽宁西部北票上园地区和凌源大王杖子义县组长节锯蜂科（Ｘｙｅｌｉｄａｅ）巨长节锯蜂亚科（Ｍａｃｒｏｘｙｅｌｉｎａｅ）昆虫化石１２种,归于４族８属,其中６新属１２新种,包括Ａｎｇａｒｉｄｙｅｌａ ｒｏｂｕｓｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ａｎｇａｒｉｄｙｅｌａ ｅｘｃｕｌｐｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ａｎｇａｒｉｄｙｅｌａ ｓｕｓｐｅｃｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ａｎｇａｒｉｄｙｅｌａ ｅｎｄｅｍｉｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏ     

A new species of Fuziidae (Insecta, Blattida) from the Inner Mongolia, China

A new species attributed to the genus Parvifuzia Guo & Ren, 2011, Parvifuzia peregrinasp. n., is described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China. This new species, with apex of wing almost reaching the end of the abdomen and forewing venation with 30-32 veins at margin, broadens the diversity of Parvifuzia. This new species, with strongly curved cerci, could tightly clasp female and complete copulation more efficiently, same as other members of the family Fuziidae.