蝴蝶兰无菌萌发技术的研究

研究了蝴蝶兰的种子无菌萌发技术。结果表明120d的蒴果已达生理上的成熟,在KC、1/2MS、花宝1号基本培养基上分别附加香蕉汁、苹果汁、胰蛋白胨能较好地萌发,萌芽率为85%。9g·L-1琼脂、pH5.2～5.4、不添加植物生长调节剂有利于种子萌发。附加1mg·L-1KT+0.1mg·L-12,4-D有利于类原球茎状体PLB的诱导,附加1mg·L-1NAA+1～3mg·L-1KT或3～5mg·L-1BA有利于PLB的增殖。1/2MS、花宝1号基本培养基上附加香蕉汁、苹果酸、胰蛋白胨和活性炭有利于生根和幼苗生长。     

蝴蝶兰原球茎增殖分化影响因子探讨

采用3个月胚龄的种胚播种形成的原球茎,初代培养时间在2.5~3个月之间换瓶转接,原球茎生长状况较好,分化形成的芽苗生长健壮;以1/2MS为基本培养基培养30d,原球茎增殖率达332%,MS培养基更有利于分化,培养2个月分化发芽率达90.6%;附加不同细胞分裂素原球茎的增殖率为6-BA >KT >Ad+KT >Ad;NAA浓度在0~1.0mg/L,对原球茎增殖分化影响不明显。     

蝴蝶兰丛生芽、原球茎途径的组织培养研究

对蝴蝶兰丛生芽、原球茎途径的组织培养进行研究,结果表明,不经过愈伤组织直接诱导丛生芽的过程中,1/2MS 6-BA6.0mg/L和1/2MS 6-BA3.0mg/L NAA0.2mg/L两种培养基的诱导率可达100%,丛生芽增殖阶段采用1/2MS 6-BA5.0mg/L NAA 0.5mg/L效果最好;原球茎途径中,1/2MS 6-BA15.0mg,L NAA1.0mg/L诱导率达20.0%,接入1/2MS 6-BA3.0mg/L NAA0.5mg/L培养基中,增殖倍数达7.4,随后转入1/2MS 6-BA1.0mg/L NAA0.5mg/L中,可很快分化成芽.生根培养基以1/2MS IBA0.3mg/L较好,将生根的蝴蝶兰移栽至水苔中,两个月后成活率达100%.此外,蝴蝶兰移栽6个月后转至水培更有利于生长.     

蝴蝶兰的组织培养研究

探讨蝴蝶兰的组织培养技术和方法。实验表明：改良型M1培养基诱导原球茎有良好的效果,M1 BA5．0mg/L对花梗芽的诱导最合适,Ml BA3．0mg／L对茎尖诱导原球茎最合适。降低分裂素浓度后,原球茎可以分化成完整植株,壮苗阶段以改良型M2 BA0．1mg/L NAA0．5mg／L效果较佳。移栽基质选用水苔,成活率高。     

不同植物生长调节剂对蝴蝶兰快速繁殖的影响

探讨了蝴蝶兰快速繁殖中不同植物生长调节剂的作用。实验表明：改良型VW培养基诱导原球茎有良好的效果,改良型VW 6-BA5．0mg／L诱导花梗产生原球茎最合适,改良型VW 6-BA3.0mg／L诱导茎尖产生原球茎最合适。降低分裂索6-BA浓度后,原球茎可以分化成完整小植株;壮苗阶段以改良型KC 6-BA0．1mg／L NAA0．5mg／L效果较佳。移栽基质选用水苔,成活率高。     

蝴蝶兰组织培养研究进展(综述)

本文从蝴蝶兰外植体的选择．不同基本培养基、激素及添加物对其增殖与分化的影响,外植体褐变的防治以及生根壮苗方法等,概述蝴蝶兰组培快繁方面的研究进展,为其组培技术研究提供参考。     

影响木薯次生胚状体发生及植株再生因素的研究

研究了在外植体的不同发育阶段中,碳源以及不同的生长激素配比对木薯次生胚状体诱导及植株再生的影响。结果表明：以固体成熟培养基上生长１５ｄ的胚状体子叶为外植体,次生胚状体的产量最高,达２９．３个成熟胚状体／１个外植体。在次生胚状体的诱导阶段,以麦芽糖（４０ｇ／Ｌ）代替蔗糖作碳源,能同时提高次生胚状体的产量（３２．５个胚次体／１个外植体）及植株再生频率（７４．３％）。２,４－Ｄ与ＰＰ３３３;（０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ）配合能提高植株再生频率到７７．６％。２,４－Ｄ与ＢＡＰ（２ｍｇ／Ｌ）或激动素（２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ）配合则大大降低了胚状体诱导及植株再生频率。     

NAA和6-BA对蝴蝶兰原球茎增殖的影响(简报)

以"瑞丽美人"蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis wilsonii)幼嫩花梗侧芽为外植体诱导原球茎,在附加6组不同浓度植物生长调节剂的MS培养基进行原球茎增殖培养。结果表明,添加6-BA 2.0mg/L、6-BA 0.5mg/L NAA 1.0mg/L、NAA 2.0mg/L的繁殖系数较高,均达4倍以上,其中6-BA 0.5mg/L NAA 1.0mg/L的增殖效果最明显,繁殖系数达4.806;体积大的接种外植体比体积小的繁殖系数高;5%椰乳有利于原球茎增殖。     

蓝莓离体叶片胚状体高效发生及其组织学观察

以高灌蓝莓试管苗叶片为外植体、以改良WPM为基本培养基,研究了外源激素TDZ、ZT及其组合对离体叶片胚状体发生的影响,同时也探讨了蔗糖浓度、水解酪蛋白、椰汁等对胚状体发生、丛芽形成的影响.结果表明:不同浓度的外源激素TDZ、ZT及其组合对胚状体的发生频率、丛芽的形成和生长起重要作用;蔗糖浓度对胚状体的发生及丛芽的生长影响较大,而添加有机质则对胚状体的发生及丛芽的生长没有明显影响.适合高灌蓝莓叶片胚状体发生及成苗的培养基为WPM TDZ 0.04 mg/L ZT 0.25～2.0 mg/L 蔗糖20～40 g/L,而培养基WPM ZT 0.5～1.0 mg/L 蔗糖20 g/L适合于丛芽继代生长.组织学观察表明,蓝莓叶片胚状体发生主要起源于叶上表皮细胞和部分叶肉细胞,可能为多细胞起源,历经多细胞原胚、原球胚、梨形胚、心形胚、子叶胚等发育阶段,并能直接发育成苗.     

蝴蝶兰试管分株快速繁殖研究

以蝴蝶兰无菌幼苗为外植体,在分株增殖培养基(1/2MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L+CM20g/L)上培养30d后,形成幼小丛生植株;将此幼小植株移至生长培养基(1/2MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L)上,30d后便形成具3~4片叶与数条粗壮根的较大植株,移栽成活率达80%以上。     

蝴蝶兰的组织培养和快速繁殖

通过诱导残败花梗上的休眠芽萌发,以萌发的幼叶和去茎尖的茎段为外植体进行组织培养,建立了蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis amabilis Bl.)的无菌繁殖体系,并筛选出最佳培养基组成.诱导休眠芽萌发的最佳培养基为不加任何激素的MS0培养基;原球茎诱导的适宜培养基为MS 3.0 mg·L-1 6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1 ZT 30 mg·L-1柠檬酸和MS 5.0 mg·L-1 6-BA 30 mg·L-1柠檬酸 30%椰乳(CM),其中茎段的诱导效果明显优于叶片,诱导率达95%;诱导无菌苗生根的最适培养基为1/4 MS 1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA,生根率可达79%.     

Influence of external factors on secondary embryogenesis and germination in somatic embryos from leaves of Quercus suber

Somatic embryogenesis was obtained in cultures of leaves from young seedlings of Quercus suber L. A two-stage process, in which benzyladenine and naphthaleneacetic acid were added first at high and then at low concentrations, was required to initiate the process. Somatic embryos arose when the explants were subsequently placed on medium lacking plant growth regulators. The embryogenic lines remained productive, by means of secondary embryogenesis, on medium without growth regulators. However, this repetitive induction was influenced by the macronutrient composition of the culture medium. Both low total nitrogen content and high reduced nitrogen concentration decreased the percentage of somatic embryos that showed secondary embryogenesis. Our results suggest that alternate culture on medium that increases embryo proliferation and a low salt medium prohibiting embryo formation will partially synchronize embryo development. Chilling slightly reduced secondary embryogenesis but gave a modest increase in germination. Maturation under light followed by storage at 4 °C for at least 30 days gave the best results in switching embryos from an embryogenic pathway to a germinative one. Under these conditions 15% of embryos showed coordinated root and shoot growth and 35% formed either shoots or mostly roots. These percentages were higher than those of embryos matured in darkness. This result indicates that a specific treatment is required after maturation and before chilling to activate the switch from secondary embryo formation to germination.Abbreviations BA benzyladenine - NAA naphthaleneacetic acid - 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - BA indolebutyric acid - MS Murashige & Skoog (1962) medium - SH Schenk & Hildebrandt (1972) medium - G Gamborg (1966, PRL-4-C) medium (macronutrients in mg l^–1: NaH₂PO₄·H₂O, 90; Na₂HPO₄, 30; KCl, 300; (NH₄)₂SO₄, 200; MgSO₄·7H₂O, 250; KNO₃, 1000, CaCl₂·2H₂O, 150) - PGR plant growth regulator     

TDZ高效诱导蝴蝶兰叶片不定芽及植株再生

以蝴蝶兰（Phalaenopsis）无菌幼苗叶片为材料,研究添加TDZ（噻重氮苯基脲）条件下不同基因型、激素组合、叶片大小、暗培养时间对不定芽发生和再生植株的影响。结果表明：在相同培养条件下,不同基因型外植体芽诱导率差异显著,‘红天使’最高,达81.5%,‘汕农姑娘’等2个品种为0,‘满天红’等4个品种为9.2%～34.9%;添加TDZ芽诱导率显著高于6-BA;单独添加TDZ或6-BA芽诱导率显著高于NAA与TDZ或6-BA的组合。叶片越小不定芽诱导率越高;短时间暗处理有利于不定芽的发生。以1～2 cm长叶片为材料、15 d暗处理、在1/2 MS添加3 mg/L TDZ培养基中,‘红天使’的叶片外植体芽诱导率和平均不定芽数分别可达100.0%和18.2个。研究发现,在继代培养中TDZ对芽的伸长有抑制作用。     

Somatic embryogenesis from styles of lemon (Citrus limon)

Lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.] styles were treated with different growth regulators for induction of somatic embryos. Styles and stigmas were dissected from flowers and cultured on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 4.52 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 13.3 M 6-benzyladenine. Callus was induced from the style base 2 weeks after the treatment initiation, and embryos appeared 2 months later.Abbreviations BA 6-benzyladenine - 2,4-d 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - MS Murashige & Skoog (1962) - NAA -naphthaleneacetic acid