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1.
K. Sankara Rao 《Plant cell reports》1988,7(7):546-549
Rapid multiplication of axillary meristems and direct shoot development occurred from nodal explants of mature Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. with 5.3 M NAA, 1.1 M IAA and 4.4 M BA in Murashige-Skoog medium. Repeated subcultures of the second generation shoot cultures into low cytokinin-auxin containing media (0.44–0.88 M BA+0.1 M NAA) yielded axillary microshoots in large numbers. Half-strength MS liquid medium with 4.9 M IBA, 5.5 M IAA and 5.3 M NAA for four days, half-strength semi-solid hormonefree MS medium with charcoal, and MS liquid medium without charcoal and hormones, in sequence, induced rooting of shoots in the dark. This system is suitable for the mass propagation of this difficult-to-root eucalypt.Abbreviations BA
6-benzyladenine
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
-indole-3-butyric acid
- 2-iP
isopentyl adenine
- Kn
kinetin
- MS
Murashige-Skoog
- NAA
-naphthalene acetic acid
- PVP
polyvinylpyrrolidone 相似文献
2.
Meconopsis simplicifolia (D.Don) Walp. could be propagated by induction of adventitious shoots from callus produced on hypocotyl, cotyledon and rosette leaf explants of 4-month-old seedlings. Callus was initiated on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 1 M kinetin +10 M -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Shoots formed when the callus was subcultured on medium supplemented with kinetin or benzyladenine (BA) in combination with NAA, indoleacetic acid, indolebutyric acid or gibberellic acid. Excised shoots were rooted on medium containing auxin with 10 M NAA producing the best rooting (55%).Abbreviations BA
6-benzyladenine
- 2,4-d
2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid
- FAA
formalin-acetic acid-alcohol
- GA3
gibberellic acid
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
-indolebutyric acid
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
3.
The effect of various concentrations of benzyladenine (BA 4.4–177.5 M) or kinetin (4.7–185.9 M) on shoot proliferation from shoot-tip explants was investigated in C. praetermissum Heiser & Smith and C. annuum L. Maximum number of shoots were obtained on Murashige & Skoog's medium with 66.6 M BA or 92.9 M kinetin in C. praetermissum, and 88.8 M BA or 116.2 M kinetin in C. annuum after 4 weeks of culture. Combining 1 M 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) with low levels of BA or kinetin significantly increased shoot number as compared to using either cytokinin alone. Rooting of regenerated shoots was achieved on MS medium containing 5.7 M indoleacetic acid. Best rooting (80–100%) was observed in shoots from TIBA plus BA or kinetin media while only 40–50% of shoots from the BA or kinetin treatments were rootable. Plantlets obtained from TIBA plus BA or kinetin were normal diploids while those from BA or kinetin alone revealed distinct chromosomal aberrations in their root tip squashes. Regenerants from TIBA plus BA or kinetin media were successfully established in the soil (86% survival rate), where they flowered and showed normal meiotic behaviour with 100% pollen viability.Abbreviations BA
benzyladenine
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- MS
Murashige & Skoog's medium
- TIBA
2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid 相似文献
4.
The chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata produces the anti-cancer and anti-retroviral drug camptothecin. Methods were developed for the clonal propagation of this important medicinal plant through shoot bud culture. Shoot buds were excised from 25 to 30 day old seedlings, presoaked for 48 h in three different liquid media containing either BA (2.22–17.4 M), kinetin (2.32–18.58 M), or thidiazuron (0.1–10 M) and were subsequently cultured on semi-solid medium of the same composition. Multiple shoots only developed from the 6-benzyladenine presoaked explants with the maximum number of shoots initiated from buds presoaked in and grown on B5 medium containing 17.4 M 6-benzyladenine. Individual shoots were removed from clusters and rooted on B5 supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (4.9–19.6 M). The lowest concentration of indole-3-butyric acid (4.9 M) gave the highest percentage of rooting (82%) and the shortest root initiation period (18 d). Over 90% of the in vitro rooted plantlets survived transfer to soil.Abbreviations BA
6-benzyladenine
- B5
Gamborg's B5 medium (Gamborg et al., 1968)
- CPT
camptothecin
- 2,4-d
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- kinetin
6-furfurylaminopurine
- LS
Linsmaier & Skoog medium (Linsmaier & Skoog, 1965)
- MS
Murashige & Skoog (Murashige & Skoog, 1962)
- NAA
I-naphthaleneacetic acid
- PGR
plant growth regulator
- TDZ
thidiazuron
- WPM
woody plant medium (Lloyd & McCown, 1981) 相似文献
5.
Callus induction and plant regeneration in Vetiveria zizanioides 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Marco Mucciarelli Marisa Gallino Silvano Scannerini Massimo Maffei 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1993,35(3):267-271
Callus induction was obtained from basal parts of Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf. leaves cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 9.0 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), 5.7 M indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 4.6 M kinetin. Calli were maintained on MS medium with the addition of 0.9 M 2,4-d and 2.3 M kinetin. Shoot formation was obtained from fast growing 14-day-old callus on the same basal medium supplemented with 0.9 M 2,4-d and 9.3 M kinetin. Embryo-like structures were observed. When transferred to basal medium, shoots readily developed roots. Fully developed regenerated plants were then successfully established in soil. 相似文献
6.
Summary The total pigment and astaxanthin content ofPhaffia rhodozyma increased with increasing concentrations -pinene up to 500 l -pinene/l. Above this concentration the total pigment and astaxanthin content as well as the biomass production decreased. The addition of 500 l -pinene/l increased the total pigment content from 1652 g/g to 2201 g/g and the astaxanthin content from 1554 g/g to 1883 g/g. A sharp decrease in maximum specific growth rate occurred above 150 l -pinene/l. 相似文献
7.
Summary The non-tandem inverted duplication in the 2-m DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a length of 0.19 m and is located asymmetrically along the molecule. The majority of the dumb-bell structures that are formed upon denaturation and selfannealing of the 2-m monomer consists of the renatured inverted duplication sequences as double stranded stem and two single stranded loops of 0.67 m±0.06 m (S-loop) and 0.86 m±0.05 m (L-loop) length. Two additional size classes which comprised 5–10% of the measured molecules had contour lengths of around 1.7 m and 2.1 m. The smaller dumb-bells contained two S-loops and the larger dumb-bells contained two L-loops as was shown by heteroduplex mapping with an HindIII fragment from the L-loop. Two models which assume illegitimate or site specific recombination, are presented to explain the generation of double S-loop and double L-loop molecules. At least part of the 4-m and 6- circular molecules present in the yeast supercoiled DNA fraction are shown to be dimers and trimers of 2-m monomers, but often with inverted loop segments most probably due to intramolecular recombination between sequences of the inverted duplication.2-m DNA is used to indicate the supercoiled DNA fraction although in our measurements the average monomeric length is 1.9 mPart of this work has been presented at the Conference: The Genetics and Biogenesis of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria, Munich, August, 1976 相似文献
8.
A protocol of high frequency shoot organogenesis and plant establishment from stem derived callus has been developed for Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merrill. - an endangered medicinal plant. Callus was developed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10 M 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5-T). Multiple shoot induction was achieved from the surface of the callus after transferring onto shoot induction medium. The highest rate (80 %) of shoot multiplication was achieved on MS medium containing 5.0 M kinetin. The developed shoots rooted best on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 M indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The in vitro raised plantlets with well developed shoot and roots were acclimatized successfully and grown in greenhouse. 相似文献
9.
Shoot cultures of Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq. (Umbelliferae) were established by placing shoot tip explants on Linsmaier and Skoog medium with 1 M NAA and 10 M BAP. Shoots were multiplied on the basal medium supplemented with 0.3 M NAA and 3 M BAP and rooted on medium containing either 1 M IBA or 3–10 M IAA. Plantlets survived in pots without any covering. This unique characteristic of the plantlets was ascribed partly to a well-developed cuticle on the surface of the leaf and the small ratio of surface area to fresh weight of a leaf blade in comparison with those of other species whose plantlets needed coverings after potting. The regenerated plantlets were finally transferred to soil.Abbreviations IAA
potassium indole-3-acetate
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- IPA
indole-3-propionic acid
- NAA
potassium 1-naphthaleneacetate
- 2,4-D
sodium 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- 2-iP
N6-(2-isopentenyl)adenine 相似文献
10.
Roberto Rodríguez 《Plant cell reports》1982,1(4):161-164
Primordial initiation and development of shoot-buds has been accomplished by using shoots derived from chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill) seedlings cultured with added 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Germination of chestnut seeds in the presence of BAP (4 – 40 M) stimulated varying numbers of shoot-buds in those areas of the main axis that were favorably altered. When excised single shoots from these treated seeds were subcultured on a fresh medium containing BAP (4 – 40 M) continual shoot production was observed. Bud growth and shoot elongation were stimulated by transferring cultures to a reduced concentration of BAP (2 M) plus indole-3-butyric acid (IBA 0.4 M). Plant regeneration occurred in the presence of IBA (0.8 M) after a preconditioning treatment in which naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA 50 M) and kinetin (k 2 M) were applied to the tissue culture shoots for 7 days in light. 相似文献
11.
Axillary shoot induction and plant regeneration were obtained in Plantago ovata. The optimum medium for inducing axillary shoots was Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium [5] supplemented with 4.6 M kinetin and 0.05 M NAA. Rooting of shoots was best on half-strength MS medium containing 5.0 M IBA and 0.05 M kinetin. The regenerated plants were similar to the control plants in karyotypic and phenotypic details. 相似文献
12.
Štajner Nataša Bohanec Borut Jakše Marijana 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2002,70(3):269-274
Asparagus maritimus L. Miller is a rare species growing of the Mediterranean region and is morphologically similar to A. officinalis. In order to establish an efficient in vitro propagation protocol, explants were excised from spear segments and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium containing 3% sucrose and various concentrations of growth regulators. The best shoot initiation (3–4 per explant) was achieved on a medium containing 0.88 M N6-benzyladenine (BA), 0.93 M kinetin, 1.07 M -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 3.90 M ancymidol. Shoot initiation could also be achieved without ancymidol but the shoots were thinner and longer. A very high shoot multiplication rate was achieved on media supplemented with 3% sucrose, 1.07 M NAA, 0.93 M kinetin, 0.44 M BA and various concentrations of ancymidol. The lowest concentration of ancymidol (0.39 M) significantly promoted the highest shoot multiplication rate (11.9 shoots/crown). For root formation, media were supplemented with 6% sucrose, 1.07 M NAA and various concentrations of ancymidol. Rooting frequency increased with higher ancymidol concentration up to 5.07 M (82.0% rooting). The number of ex vitro shoots formed was strongly correlated (r=0.66) with the length of roots formed in vitro, which was the highest at a 1.95 M ancymidol. 相似文献
13.
A micromanipulation method is described for measuring the bursting forces of bacteria and relating them to cell size. At a compression speed of 6.2 m s–1, bursting forces of three samples of rapidly growing Staphylococcus epidermis from a batch culture varied from 3 to 34 N with an average value of 13.8 N (standard error 0.8 N). Escherichia coli grown in continuous culture at a specific growth rate of 0.5 h–1 had bursting forces varying from 1 to 9 N with an average value of 3.6 N (standard error 0.4 N). In squeeze-hold experiments, force relaxation was observed, which was attributed to water loss from the cells, or viscoelasticity, or both. At high compression speed, such as 6.2 m s–1, this relaxation could be neglected. Micromanipulation strength measurements might be used in studies of cell mechanical disruption and of the dependence of cell strength on cell physiology. 相似文献
14.
W. A. Shipton 《Plant cell reports》1982,1(5):199-201
Callus development in Callistemon viminalis was readily achieved when axillary buds derived from nodal tissue were placed in a medium containing macro- and micro-nutrients, sucrose (0.06 M), inositol (300 M), nicotinic acid (20 M), pyridoxine hydrochloride (3 M), thiamine hydrochloride (2 M), riboflavin (10 M), cytokinins (5 M) and auxins (0.1 M). The presence of benzylaminopurine (5 M) and p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.1 M) promoted the most vigorous callus development and sprout formation. Rooting of nodal material was rare but occurred readily following the transference of sprouts developed on callus to a basal medium containing sucrose and salts. Root initiation was stimulated, however, by the presence of auxins. Chlorophenoxyacetic acid while stimulating root initiation repressed root growth. Indole butyric acid stimulated both root initiation and shoot growth at concentrations of 0.005 to 0.1 M. The treatment of choice for rooting and shoot growth was the addition of indole butyric acid at a concentration of 0.01 M. 相似文献
15.
Eryngium foetidum L. plants were regenerated from mature leaf and petiole explants through direct organogenesis without intervening callus phase. From leaf explants, adventitious multiple shoots raised on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.43 M benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.57 M indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), whereas in petiole explants shoot regeneration occurred at 8.86 M BAP and 0.57 M IAAA. 80% of the leaf explants and 44% of petiole explants produced shoots after four weeks of culture. The regenerated plants were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 2.46 M indole-3-butyric acid and 2.88 M gibberellic acid. The plants were successfully established in the soil and showed 70.9% survival in the field. 相似文献
16.
A procedure for micropropagation of endod (Phytolacca dodecandra) is described. BA at 0.44 M produced 3.1 new shoots per expiant in six weeks using shoot tips. Nodal expiants, however, produced up to 4.7 shoots per explant on medium with 0.44 M BA and 0.27 M GA,. IBA at 0.49 M induced 90% rooting with minimal callus. Plantlets were successfully transferred to the greenhouse and some staminate clones produced flowers after six months.Abbreviations BA
6 benzylaminopurine
- kinetin
6-furfurylaminopurine
- 2iP
N6-(2-isopentyl)adenine
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- NAA
1-naphthaleneacetic acid
- GA3
Gibberellic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid 相似文献
17.
Plant rgeneration occurred on leaf-and stem-derived callus of Cuphea ericoides Cham. & Schlechtd obtained in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxins [indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d)] plus cytokinins [6-benzyladenine (BA) or kinetin]. These calluses were subcultured and showed vigorous growth. When subcultured on medium containing 2.22 or 4.44 M BA, the calluses showed profuse regeneration of shoots whereas those subcultured on medium supplemented with 2.69 M NAA or 0.226 M 2,4-d produced numerous roots. Isolated shoots rooted on Murashige and Skoog medium lacking growth regulators or containing 0.54 M NAA or 0.49 M indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Plantlets were acclimatized to greenhouse conditions.Abbreviations BA
6-benzyladenine
- 2,4-d
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- MS
Murashige & Skoog medium
- NAA
1--naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
18.
Callus initiation from seedling explants of niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass) cv. Ootacamund was found to be better on LS medium containing kinetin (1.4 M) plus 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (9 M) than its analogues. Embryoids were induced directly from cotyledons on LS medium supplemented with 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid. When cotyledon-derived callus was subcultured onto medium with 10.7 M naphthalene-acetic acid and 2.3 M kinetin, embryogenesis was observed. Multiple shoots were obtained from cotyledonary explants in presence of MS medium containing 4.4 M benzyladenine and 11.4 M indoleacetic acid. Regenerated plants that were transferred to pots and grown to maturity were morphologically normal and fertile.Abbreviations NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- IAA
indoleacetic acid
- BA
benzyladenine
- GA3
gibberellic acid
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- 2,4,5-T
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid
- 2,4,5-TP
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid
- ABA
abscisic acid 相似文献
19.
Regeneration of de novo shoots, roots and flowers has been obtained on inflorescence explants of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were added in a 3×3×3 factorial combination with kinetin, each at 0.001, 0.1 and 10 M concentrations. Direct shoot formation occurred on media with 10 M kinetin and 0.001 M IAA or NAA. Root formation was observed on media with 0.1–10 M IAA, IBA or NAA. Flower formation occurred on elongated shoots with several leaves on media with 10 M IAA and 0.1 M kinetin. Shoot organogenesis was increased by substituting 10 M zeatin or N6-benzyladenine (BA) for kinetin. Eleven tomato cultivars were tested for their ability to undergo de novo shoot regeneration on the improved medium. All tomato cultivars were capable of shoot morphogenesis with a mean number of shoots per explant that ranged from 1.3 (Red Alert) to 5.3 (Large Red Cherry). Histological studies revealed that active cell divisions occurred in subepidermal and cambial tisue during the first week of culture. Meristematic centers of dividing cells were evident by day 14, and well-developed shoot apices and leaf structures were observed on 50% of the explants 28 days after culture initiation.Abbreviations BA
N6-benzyladenine
- IAA
Indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
Indole-3-butyric acid
- 2iP
N6-[2-isopentyl]adenine
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid
- PGR
plant growth regulator 相似文献
20.
I. M. Sulaiman 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1994,36(3):377-380
Plantlet formation through organogenesis in callus cultures of Himalayan yellow poppy,Meconopsis paniculata D.Don (Prain), a threatened taxon of ornamental value, is described. Hypocotyl segments from 3-month-old laboratory-raised seedlings produced callus on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) containing 10 M -naphthaleneacetic acid and 1 M kinetin. Shoots differentiated best from callus on MS containing 10 M indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 1 M 6-benzyladenine. The regenerated shoots rooted best on MS medium containing 10 M IBA. From seed germination to differentiation of plantlets through the two-step organogenesis process required 28–29 weeks.Abbreviations 2,4-d
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- FAA
formalin-acetic acid-alcohol
- BA
6-benzyladenine
- IAA
indole-acetic acid
- IBA
indolebutyric acid
- GA3
gibberellic acid
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid
- RH
relative humidity 相似文献