抗茎枯病芦笋品种离体培养的研究

选用芦笋（Asparagus officinalis）茎枯病高抗品种格兰蒂为材料,研究各种生长素及细胞分裂素对其茎尖诱导的愈伤组织、不定芽增殖和生根的效果。实验结果表明,最适芦笋茎尖诱导愈伤组织的培养基为：MS＋6-BA0.3 mg/L＋2,4-D 1.5 mg/L＋蔗糖25 g/L＋琼脂7 g/L,pH 5.8;最适愈伤组织增殖诱导、分化不定芽的培养基为：MS＋NAA 0.3 mg/L＋6-BA 0.5 mg/L＋蔗糖30 g/L＋琼脂7 g/L,pH 5.8;最适生根培养基为：1/2 MS＋0.5 mg/L IBA＋1 mg/L PP333＋0.3 mg/L 6-BA＋蔗糖30 g/L＋琼脂7 g/L,pH 5.8。     

抗茎枯病芦笋品种离体培养的研究北大核心CSCD

选用芦笋(Asparagus officinalis)茎枯病高抗品种格兰蒂为材料,研究各种生长素及细胞分裂素对其茎尖诱导的愈伤组织、不定芽增殖和生根的效果。实验结果表明,最适芦笋茎尖诱导愈伤组织的培养基为:MS+6-BA0.3 mg/L+2,4-D 1.5 mg/L+蔗糖25 g/L+琼脂7 g/L,pH 5.8;最适愈伤组织增殖诱导、分化不定芽的培养基为:MS+NAA 0.3 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂7 g/L,pH 5.8;最适生根培养基为:1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L IBA+1 mg/L PP333+0.3 mg/L 6-BA+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂7 g/L,pH 5.8。     

红掌的离体组织培养与快速繁殖

本研究从红掌组培的实用化生产出发,在不同激素成份及浓度水平下,以MS为基本培养基,红掌的叶片或叶柄为外植体进行组培快繁试验。实验结果表明:MS+6-BA1mg/L+2.4-D0.1mg/L为最佳诱导培养基,诱导率可达89%以上,红掌的叶片诱导效果比叶柄较为理想。最适分化培养基为:MS+BA1.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,其分化率为93%;继代增殖培养基为MS+6-BA2mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L,增殖系数达7.1;适合生根诱导培养基为l/2MS+NAA0.2mg/L,生根率达96.5%以上。生根苗田间移栽后成活率可达95%以上。     

羟脯氨酸对离体培养的菜薹幼苗、茎尖和愈伤组织的生理效应

研究了离体培养下羟脯氨酸(hydroxyproline,Hyp)对菜薹(Brassicacampestris ssp.chinensis var.utilis)品种"六十天特青"的幼苗、茎尖和愈伤组织的生理效应.培养基中添加7g·L-1琼脂和30g·L-1蔗糖.结果用Microsoft的Excel进行曲线拟合和显著性检验.     

蚂蝗七的离体快速繁殖

1植物名称蚂蝗七(Chirita fimbrisepala Hand.- Mazz.)。2材料类别花梗和带苞片的花蕾。3培养条件(1)愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化培养基;MS 6-BA 0.1mg·L~(-1)(单位下同) NAA 0.1;(2)继代增殖培养基:MS 6-BA 0.05 NAA 0.1;(3)壮苗生根培养基:1/2MS 1.0%蔗糖 0.3%活性炭。培养基(1)和(2)均加入3.0%蔗糖和0.6%琼脂,pH 6.2,培养温度(25±3)℃;在愈伤组织     

宿根福禄考离体快速繁殖的研究

以带芽茎段为外植体,MS为基本培养基,研究了不同激素组合对宿根福禄考离体快速繁殖的影响。试验结果表明,不同培养阶段的适宜培养基为：（1）启动培养基：MS＋6-BA1．0mg／L＋NAA 0．1mg／L;（2）继代增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA 1．0mg／L＋NAA 0．3mg／L,月增殖倍数可达7．4;（3）生根培养基：1／2MS＋IBA 0．2～0．5mg／L,生根率高且根粗壮。试管苗移入田间20d后成活率可达92％。     

野生蔬菜马兰的离体培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称马兰[Kalimeris indica(L.)Sch.-Bip.],别名马兰头、蟛蜞菊、田边菊和鸡儿肠等。2材料类别茎尖。3培养条件以MS为基本培养基。(1)     

峨眉姜花离体培养与快速繁殖(简报)

以峨眉姜花地下茎茎尖为外植体,在MS+6-BA 8.0~10.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L培养基上可诱导不定芽,在MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+3%蔗糖培养基上进行增殖培养,在1/2 MS+IBA 0.5 mg/L+2%蔗糖培养基上进行生根培养后移栽入珍珠岩:泥炭(1:1)的混合基质中,成活率达87%。     

唐菖蒲球茎芽的离体培养及快速繁殖

将带１－２个芽眼的唐菖蒲球茎切块接种到附加１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ的ＭＳ基本培养基上可诱导休眠芽萌动。无菌芽转移至附加３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ的培养基上可分化产生丛生芽。丛生芽的幼代增殖宜采用附加１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ的培养基生根培养,以ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．１－０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ或ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ１．ｍｇ／Ｌ效果最佳。     

防止香蕉茎尖培养中外植体褐变的研究(简报)

在香蕉茎尖培养的培养基中加入活性炭（AC）或与维生素C（Vc）配合使用均能改善外格体褐变情况。其中以AC2．0g／L＋Vc0．1g／L组合最佳。     

杭白菊茎尖组织培养及试管苗繁殖技术研究

采用茎尖组织培养技术,建立了杭白菊中大洋菊(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)的无菌试管苗体系.通过基本培养基和激素配比实验,筛选出杭白菊试管苗快速繁殖的最佳培养基组成.结果表明:最适宜的外植体为直径0.3 mm的茎尖;诱导丛生芽的最适培养基为:MS 6-BA 0.1 mg*L-1 IAA 0.02 mg*L-1;诱导试管苗生根的最适培养基为:1/2MS IAA 0.7 mg*L-1.用电子显微镜进行病毒检测后,筛选出2个脱病毒株系,脱病毒试管苗可作为今后提供优质种苗的种源.     

Clonal propagation of Acacia catechu Willd. by shoot tip culture

A method is described for in vitromicropropagation through shoot apices of Acaciacatechu Willd., a semi-arid tree valued for Katha (atanin-like substance obtained from red heart wood of10–20 year old trees) and timber. Explants wereexcised from 15-days-old in vitro grownseedlings raised from superior seed stocks. Shoot budinduction from shoot apex explants was observed onMurashige and Skoog's (MS) [12] medium containingvarious growth regulators. A maximum of 12 shoots wasobtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1.5 mg/l kinetin.Well-developed shoots (3–4 cm long) were rooted on strength MS medium with 3.0 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and sucrose 1.5%. In vitro regenerated plantlets of A. catechu were transferred to field conditions.     

Regeneration of sorghum from shoot tip cultures and field performance of the progeny1

A system for rapid plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis from shoot tip explants of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is described. Somatic embryogenesis was observed after incubation of explants in dark for 6–7 weeks through a friable embryogenic callus phase. Linsmaier and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2 mg l⁻¹) and kinetin (0.1 mg l ⁻¹) was used for induction of friable embryogenic calli and somatic embryos. Germination of somatic embryos was achieved about 5 weeks after transfer onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (2 mg l⁻¹) and indole-3-acetic acid (0.5 mg l ⁻¹) under light. Seeds from in vitro-regenerated plants produced a normal crop in a field trial, and were comparable to the crop grown with the seeds of the mother plant used to initiate tissue culture. The simplicity of the protocol and possible advantages of the system for transformation over other protocols using different explants are discussed. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Effect of silver nitrate on multiple shoot formation of Virginia-type peanut through shoot tip culture

Summary A protocol for micropropagation of Virginia-type peanut plants, an ancient crop of the New World, is reported. This study was conducted to explore the effect of silver nitrate (AgNO₃), alone or in combination with growth regulators, on multiple shoot formation from shoot tip culture. Incorporation of AgNO₃ into the medium, without growth regulators, induced regeneration of the explants (which did not develop at all in the AgNO₃-free medium), and stimulated the emergence of axillary shoots. When AgNO₃ was added in combination with cytokinins and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), maximum average shoot number per regenerating explant was recorded (6.3) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 33 μM 6-benzyladenine, 5.3 μM NAA, and 23.54 μM AgNO₃. Moreover, AgNO₃ showed a positive and marked effect on both shoot elongation and the reduction of callus proliferation from the basal ends of shoot tips. Following a period of elongation, the shoots were rooted in hormone-free Ms medium, showing no residual effects due to the long-term culture in AgNO₃-containing media. Acclimatization was easily obtained after plantlets were transferred to pots under greenhouse conditions, with 90% survival.     

High frequency shoot regeneration and plantlet formation from root tip of garlic

An efficient and novel method of direct shoot regeneration from root tips in garlic was developed. The influence of growth regulators, basal media and age of root explant on shoot initiation and proliferation was examined. The best growth regulator combination was 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzyladenine at 1 and 10 μM, respectively, inducing shoot initiation from 75% of the explants. The frequency of shoot initiation on different basal media was similar. Explant root tips from plantlets taken 15 to 18 days after sprouting showed the highest shoot initiation (95%). In contrast to Murashige and Skoog medium, which produced more than 10 shoots per explant, B5 medium produced smaller shoots, although the number was higher. Rooting of individual shoots was induced after transfer to medium without growth regulators. Plantlets, after acclimatization in a growth cabinet, were successfully transplanted to the field, and no phenotypic variation was observed among them. The technique has potential applicability for rapid propagation of garlic. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The elimination of clover diseases by shoot tip culture

Shoot tip culture was used to eliminate white clover mosaic virus (WCMV) and red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) from red clover, and clover phyllody disease (CP) and clover red leaf disease (CRL) from white clover. Shoot tips up to 2.4 mm (in some cases 3 mm) could regenerate plants free from the pathogens, but the efficiency of elimination, at least for WCMV and CRL, tended to decrease with increasing shoot tip size. The efficiency of plant regeneration from shoot tips generally improved with increasing tip size.     

A simple procedure of Gossypium meristem shoot tip culture

In order to develop transgenic plants via the biolistic gun method regenerable embryogenic tissues are required. Meristem shoot tips of 19 cultivars of cotton were cultured on several media formulations and assessed for shoot and root development. The best shoot development was observed on media containing 0.46 mM kinetin while rooting was observed on media containing 2.68 mM NAA and 0.46 mM kinetin. No intervarietal variability was observed. A complete protocol was developed from meristem tip culture to field transfer. This methodology is simple and replaces the existing protocols for meristem tip culture of cotton. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

RAPD analysis of a variant of banana (Musa sp.) cv. grande naine and its propagation via shoot tip culture

Summary A morphological variant obtained from in vitro corm-derived plants of banana (Musa sp.) cv. Grande Naine (AAA) was evaluated up to harvest and the genetic basis of variation was confirmed by the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The corms formed during the multiplication phase of shoot tip-derived cultures of the cv. Grande Naine grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with 13.3 μM N ⁶-benzyladenine (BA) developed numerous morphological variants after transfer to MS medium with 6.66 μM BA. The variant designated as CUDBT-B1, with distinct morphological features, was further evaluated. The morphological features of CUDBT-B1 were variegated leaf, pseudostem, bracts, ovary of the male flower and fruits, reduced height, decreased lamina length and breadth, and early flowering. These features were also manifested in the second-cycle progeny of CUDBT-B1. RAPD assay showed a marker DNA band of 1650 bp, and differential band intensity between the CUDBT-B1 and normal clone. CUDBT-B1 was multiplied using shoot tip culture, and the shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 2.69 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid. All plantlets showed variegated leaves under field conditions.