广西玉林地区汉族儿童青少年头面部发育特征

为了了解广西玉林地区汉族儿童青少年头面型,本文采用分层随机抽样方法对广西玉林地区1119名7－16岁城镇汉族儿童青少年的9项头面部指标进行测量,分析和比较儿童青少年容貌特征的发育与年龄增长的关系,按头面部各项指数分型。结果显示：汉族儿童青少年头面部的9项指标除头最大宽外均随年龄的增长而增大,各年龄组的性别间存在显著性差异。头面型以中头型和圆头型、高头型、狭头型及阔面型和中面型为主。     

广西三江侗族儿童青少年头面部发育指标分析

本文对广西三江侗族自治县的 7— 16岁乡村侗族男女中、小学生 2 0 87名 (男 10 5 5 ,女 10 32 )的头面部9项指标进行测量 ,并计算有关指数 ,分析和比较了儿童青少年容貌特征发育与年龄增长的关系。根据头面部指数分型 ,确定了广西三江侗族自治县侗族儿童青少年的头面部形态。依各项指数 ,侗族儿童青少年多属圆头型 ,高头型 ,阔头型及阔面型。     

河南新乡地区儿童头面部测量

本文对河南省新乡地区汉族儿童（４－１３岁）头面部进行了测量,比较和分析了儿童体质发育与年龄增长的关系,据儿童头面部各指数数值大小分型,确定该地区汉族儿童面部的形态为：圆头型、高头型、狭头型、狭面型、狭鼻型。     

延吉市朝鲜族汉族儿童体格发育及遗传因素的研究

调查了１５０６名朝鲜族,汉族４－７岁儿童体格发育情况。朝鲜族儿童平均身高和坐高皆低于汉族儿童相同年龄组,而平均体重却高于汉族同龄组;在头围、胸围指标中汉族男、女儿童４－５岁之间大于朝鲜族同龄组,但自５岁以后朝鲜族超过治疗组,可以看出,朝鲜族儿童体格为相对矮壮,而汉族儿童相对瘦高。又对朝、汉族儿童身同父母平均身高进行单变量相关分析显示出显著意义相关。延吉市朝、汉族儿童各项指标低于９１８５年全国九市效     

芜湖市284名小学生生长发育的追踪研究

本文报道了1992年10月— 1997年10月对芜湖市284名 6—11岁汉族小学生生长发育的追踪调查结果。调查指标为身高、体重、胸围、脉搏和肺活量。对形态发育指数进行了分析。分析了男女间的差异。并与汉族 1985和1986年均值和日本人数据进行了比较。对当前儿童少年生长发育加速趋势也进行了讨论。     

中国南方汉族群体的头面部特征

2009年至2012年研究组调查了中国南方汉族19个群体13940例(男性为6735例,女性为7205例)头面部的22项测量指标,并计算出12项头面部指数,对华东汉族、华南汉族、华中汉族、西南汉族的头面部特征进行了比较研究。结果显示:1)南方汉族4个族群之间头面部特征存在较明显的差异。男性中,华东汉族头最高,头最宽,额最宽,容貌面高值大;华中汉族头最长,面最宽、下颌角间宽度最大;西南汉族形态面高值最大;华南汉族几乎所有的指标值在4个族群中都是最小的。2)女性中,华东汉族头最宽,容貌面高最大;华南汉族额最宽,头高值最大:华中汉族头最长,面最宽,下颌角间最宽;西南汉族面最高。3)南方汉族4个族群的男性、女性均为圆头型、高头型、中头型;华东汉族、华南汉族、华中汉族属于中面型,西南汉族为狭面型;华东汉族、华南汉族、华中汉族属于中鼻型,西南汉族为狭鼻型。对南方汉族体质的形成进行了初步分析。     

满族青少年头面部特征分析

本文对居住在吉林省永吉县和伊通满族自治县的１０１１名满族青少年的头面测量性和非测量性特征进行了观察和测量。满族青少年的头型以过短过型为多见。面型多数为中面型及阔面型。鼻型以中鼻型及狭鼻型多见,与汉族儿童以阔鼻型多见有差异。从非测量性特征看,多数有发育不等的蒙古褶,眼裂上斜,鼻梁较直、鼻翼发育不明显,鼻根高度中等偏低。主要特征与满族成人头面部特征差异不明显。     

长沙市肥胖小学生骨密度变化与饮食和运动的关系

目的:调查分析长沙市肥胖儿童骨密度变化与饮食、运动的关系,为防止成人后骨质疏松提供指导.方法:从长沙市5所小学7-12周岁学龄儿童中随机抽取119名(男68名、女51名)肥胖儿童及103名(男59名、女44名)正常儿童,调查饮食和运动习惯,测量身高、体重、腰围(WC)和臀围,计算体重指数(BMI)和腰臀比(WHR),并采用双能X线骨密度仪(DEXA)测量骨密度(BMD)和体脂百分比(%BF).结果:①肥胖儿童的身高、体重、BMI、WC和WHR均显著高于正常儿童.②肥胖儿童各部位BMD和骨矿物质含量(BMC)均大于正常儿童.③正常与肥胖儿童在每天运动时间的长短,吃蔬幕水果,进食速度,是否喜欢吃甜食、油腻食品、暴饮暴食等影响因素存在差异(P＜0.01).④多元逐步回归分析显示,影响儿童BMD的主要因素是每日运动时间、喝奶制品与喝豆浆.结论:肥胖儿童BMD高于正常儿童;加强体育运动、多喝奶制品、豆浆等饮食习惯可增加骨密度.     

南京地区771名汉族儿童面部特征的调查

本文对南京地区771名汉族儿童的头面部16项指标及有关指数进行了测定。小儿面部容貌有随年龄变化而变化的特点。虽然小儿头型与成人一样,以短头型(包括过短头型)为主,但面型、鼻型与成人有显著区别,即面型以超阔面型和阔面型为主,中面型少见,狭面型更少;鼻型也多为阔鼻型。     

从体质特征看中国南方汉族的人种归属

2009年至2012年研究组调查了中国南方汉族15154例(男性为7340例,女性为7814例)的身高、体重和16项测量指标,并计算出12项指数,将南方汉族与蒙古人种北亚类型族群、南亚类型族群及东亚类型族群的韩国人、日本人进行了比较。结果显示:1)南方汉族头面部主要指标介于北亚、南亚类型族群之间;南方汉族男性更接近于北亚类型族群,而南方汉族女性比男性头面部特征更接近南亚类型族群。2)南方汉族男性头部的长、宽、高、围度小于东亚类型族群,面部比韩国人、日本人狭窄;南方汉族女性头的长、宽、围度、下颌角间宽值小于韩国人、日本人,头较高,面部比韩国人、日本人狭窄。南方汉族男性、女性与韩国人、日本人体质差异较大。3)聚类分析结果提示,中国南方汉族与韩国人、日本人体质差异较大。南方汉族男性体质相对接近于北亚类型族群,女性体质介于北亚、南亚类型族群之间。华南汉族体质在南方汉族中有一定的特殊性。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.