Matrex Cellufine Sulfate在重组HBsAg纯化中的应用

建立纯化重组CHO细胞HBsAg的新工艺。将含有HBsAg的重组CHO细胞培养收获液,采用Butyl S Sepharose疏水作用柱层析、Matrex Cellufine Sulfate亲和柱层析、Sepharose 4FF凝胶过滤柱层析进行纯化,得到HBsAg纯品,该HBsAg经检定合格。HBsAg回收率为72％。     

重组CHO细胞HBsAg 纯化工艺的优化

目的：优化重组CHO细胞HBsAg纯化工艺。方法：由乙肝病毒S基因转化的中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞培养收液,经初步提纯、密度梯度离心、凝胶过滤层析可得到HBsAg纯品。结果：通过凝胶过滤层析收取HBsAg活性峰,控制HBsAg活性峰的收量,并把HBsAg活性峰的下降段再收集起来重新层析,改进后可使HBsAg的总回收率达到60％以上,而且牛血清蛋白残余量达到10mg/ml以下,HBsAg纯度97％以上。结论：重组CHO细胞HBsAg纯化工艺改进后,使HBsAg在产量及质量上均有明显提高。     

重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体纯化方法的比较研究

抗HBsAg Fab抗体被认为在预防和治疗HBV引起的肝病中具有重要的作用。为了建立稳定的、适于生产应用的重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体的纯化工艺,本实验对不同纯化方法进行了比较研究。比较了抗Fab抗体亲和层析、ScFv单克隆抗体亲和层析和离子交换层析等3套纯化工艺在酵母发酵生产的重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体纯化中的效率。结果显示,抗Fab抗体亲和层析柱纯化酵母表达的重组Fab,纯度为96．8％,但回收率偏低,只有30％～40％。ScFv单克隆抗体亲和层析纯化的重组Fab,纯度为97．5％,回收率达75％～85％。该工艺能很好的适应较小规模的生产应用。离子交换层析纯化的重组Fab,纯度为97％,回收率为75％～85％。该工艺能很好的适应较大规模的生产应用。以上结果表明,应用ScFv单克隆抗体亲和层析和离子交换层析纯化技术均能很好的纯化出重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体,这两种纯化工艺不仅大大节约纯化成本,且纯化效率和回收率有很大提高。为莺组Fab抗体的工业化生产应用奠定了基础。     

一条新的柱层析纯化路径对HBsAg免疫原性的影响

摘要目的：建立一条新的毕赤酵母表达乙肝表面抗原（HepatitisBantigen,HBsAg）柱层析纯化方法,保持HBsAg结构完整性和提高免疫原性。方法：毕赤酵母发酵料液经过菌体破碎、聚乙二醇沉淀、疏水层析、超滤和凝胶分子筛精纯,收集HBsAg合格样品液适当稀释后加入铝佐荆吸附,制成乙肝疫苗半成品免疫BALB／c小鼠。结果：纯化产物经SDS-PAGE银染鉴定得单一条带,分子量在23kD左右,凝胶成像软件分析纯度超过95％;该纯化方法得到的HBsAg颗粒电镜观察得平均直径为22nm病毒样颗粒,结构较均一完整;自制疫苗免疫小鼠后,其血清抗体水平高于葛兰素史克生产的Engerix—B（安在时）,存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：通过该方法纯化的HBsAg结构完整性良好,疫苗免疫效果优于酵母表达的Engerix—B,纯化路径简单高效,易于放大用于工业化生产。     

人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体的发酵生产研究

为了适应工业生产的需要,利用fed—batch方法,重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体酵母工程菌在30L发酵罐中进行了高密度发酵,发酵最适温度30℃,pH值范围5．0～5．3,溶氧范围20％～30％。发酵液OD600值达到300时开始诱导,甲醇最佳诱导浓度为10mL／L。重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体经离子交换层析纯化,纯化产品经SDS-PAGE、Western blot进行分析和ELISA方法进行活性测定。结果显示,重组Fab抗体在Fed-batch发酵系统中可高效表达,经过192h的发酵生产,重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体的表达量可达412mg／L。发酵上清经过离子交换层析纯化,获得纯度为95％的重组Fab抗体,该Fab抗体经ELISA分析具有较高的HBsAg抗原亲和力和特异性。结果证实可以通过高密度发酵毕赤酵母工程菌来高效生产重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体,为后续的工业化生产应用奠定了基础。     

聚乙二醇伴随式离子交换层析分离重组乙肝病毒表面抗原

对由中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)表达的多聚亚基蛋白HBsAg在离子交换层析过程中容易因亚基解离而导致蛋白解聚和丧失生物活性的难题,实验中选择聚乙二醇（PEG）作为保护剂伴随式（Polyethylene Glycol-Accompanied）离子交换层析分离纯化HBsAg。实验表明,在流动相中加入1% PEG10000(W/V)作为纯化伴侣, HBsAg的回收率由55% 左右提高到80%以上,纯化倍数基本保持在12左右。对纯化产物进行SDS_PAGE分析表明,1% PEG10000的纯化伴侣伴随式离子交换层析能全部保留HBsAg的糖基化蛋白单体（27kD和30kD）,高效液相色谱联用多角度激光散射(High Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography_Multiangle Laser Light Scattering, HPSEC-MALLS )进一步分析阐明了PEG能促使HBsAg颗粒尺寸分布更均一,结构更接近天然乙肝表面抗原。     

纯化乙型脑炎疫苗的研制

将乙脑P3毒株接种地鼠肾细胞,制备病毒原液,经灭活、浓缩、层析纯化后收集抗原,再经除菌、配制,制备乙脑纯化疫苗。结果表明：病毒浓缩液经纯化后,杂蛋白去除率大于99％,牛血清蛋白残留量也明显降低;纯化疫苗主要指标检定均达到预期效果;效力试验结果显示当纯化原液蛋白含量稀释至15μg/ml时,疫苗效力符合要求。     

非盐依赖层析的研究与应用

在非盐依赖层析操作中,吸附介质的成分、结构、密度等性质得到改进,所以料液离子强度的变化不会明显影响吸附 . 与常用的离子交换层析、疏水层析、亲硫层析等方法相比,该类技术能够降低对料液预处理的要求,提高蛋白质的稳定性,同时简化层析操作、降低纯化成本,具有大规模分离纯化蛋白质的潜力 . 近年来开发的多种非盐依赖层析介质与方法,都已在蛋白质纯化中得到应用 .     

哺乳动物细胞分泌的乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原的理化和生物学性状

研究了哺乳动物细胞分泌的乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)纯品的理化及生物学性状。结果表明:此种HBsAg在CsCl中的浮力密度是1.21g/cm~3;快速液相层析的SuperoseHR6层析柱上呈现3个峰,中间是一个主峰,两侧各一小峰;经Mono Q柱层析呈现一个对称峰,证明了HBsAg颗粒所带电荷的均一性;以SDS-PAGE和凝胶扫描方法分析HBsAg的多肽,P23、gp27和gp30各占65％、20％和10％,另有5％的二聚体存在;N-末端的氨基酸序列与转入细胞的目的基因所编码的序列相同;HBsAg在4℃和-20℃储存较稳定,室温条件保存时间不宜过长。动物实验证明:用与血源HBsAg疫苗同等剂量的基因工程HBsAg疫苗接种Balb/C小鼠,可获得比血源疫苗高2.64倍的免疫效果。此外,经过福尔马林处理的疫苗较未处理的疫苗有较强的免疫原性。     

国产和进口DMEM培养基培养CHO—C28工程细胞的质量评价

我们用10L转瓶培养能高效表达HBsAg的重组中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO-C_(28)细胞株),在相同的培养条件下比较国产和进口DMEM培养基的质量。结果表明,两种DMEM培养的细胞之生长及分泌的HBsAg之滴度没有显著改变,国产DMEM培养的细胞收液的沉淀收率略高于进口DMEM的,前者的最后收率也不低于后者。两种DMEM培养的细胞收液经纯化后,HBsAg的各项指标都符合基因工程乙肝疫苗制造及检定规程的标准,从试验结果可以看出,用国产DMEM培养基替代进口DMEM培养基是完全有可能的。     

A highly efficient integrated chromatographic procedure for the purification of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen from Hansenula polymorpha

The high expression level of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen obtained from Hansenula polymorpha yeast cell (Hans-HBsAg) made it possible to produce HBsAg vaccine in a large scale and by cost-effective process. However, the present available purification process was somewhat tedious, time-consuming and difficult to scale up. To improve the purification efficiency and simplify the purification process, an integrated chromatographic process was developed and optimized. The downstream process included ion-exchange chromatography (IEC), hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) and gel filtration chromatography (GFC). A series of chromatographic adsorbents were evaluated for their performances on the purification of Hans-HBsAg, and then the suitable adsorbents for IEC and HIC were screened out, respectively. After clarification by centrifugation, the supernatant of cell disruption (SCD) was purified by standard chromatographic steps, IEC on DEAE Sepharose FF, HIC on Butyl-S-QZT and GFC on Sepharose 4FF. Furthermore, HBsAg recovery, purification factor (PF) and purity during the downstream process were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorption assay (ELISA), sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). The results demonstrated that in the scale of 550ml SCD, the total HBsAg recovery and PF of the whole procedure were about 21.0+/-0.9% and 80.7+/-8.4 (n=3) respectively, with the purity of above 99%. This new downstream process was efficient, reproducible and relatively easy to be scaled up.     

一种新型的琼脂糖疏水层析介质开发及其在重组乙肝表面抗原(CHO-HBsAg)分离纯化中的应用

以粒径均一的国产高交联度快速流琼脂糖为基质,采用活化、交联等步骤合成了针对分离纯化CHO-HBsAg的3C间臂的丁基琼脂糖疏水介质,通过控制丁基配基密度提高分离HBsAg的纯化倍数和回收率,获得了纯化倍数约20、HBsAg回收率约80%的介质。评估了合成介质的理化性质,流速为500cm/h时柱压力小于0.06MPa,表明介质具有较高的机械强度和良好的流动性能,介质经过酸、碱、变性剂等处理后化学性质稳定。将介质合成工艺进一步放大到2L介质/批,应用到HBsAg分离纯化的三步层析整和工艺中,结果表明,批量合成的疏水介质,HBsAg回收率与进口介质相当,HBsAg终产品纯度在95%以上,符合国家药典要求。最后考察了介质合成批次间的配基密度的可控性和单批次合成介质的重复使用性,结果表明,合成工艺和介质的重复性能满足产业化要求,这种成本低的介质有望替代目前工业生产广泛使用的进口疏水介质。     

层析法纯化破伤风毒素的试验研究

为了获得高纯度的破伤风毒素,用疏水层析和离子交换层析纯化破伤风毒素。破伤风毒素培养滤液经Phenyl Sepharose疏水层析除去大部分杂质,再经DEAE Sephadex离子交换层析进一步纯化。经两步层析纯化后,毒素纯度达到2000Lf/mg PN以上,回收率为52%~73%。用此方法,连续纯化五批毒素,均获得高纯度的破伤风毒素。试验证明破伤风毒素经疏水层析和离子交换层析可得到有效纯化。     

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) expression in plant cell culture: Kinetics of antigen accumulation in batch culture and its intracellular form

The production of edible vaccines in transgenic plants and plant cell culture may be improved through a better understanding of antigen processing and assembly. The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was chosen for study because it undergoes substantial and complex post-translational modifications, which are necessary for its immunogenicity. This antigen was expressed in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv Williams 82) and tobacco NT1 (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cell suspension cultures, and HBsAg production in batch culture was characterized. The plant-derived antigen consisted predominantly of disulfide cross-linked HBsAg protein (p24(s)) dimers, which were all membrane associated. Similar to yeast, the plant-expressed HBsAg was retained intracellularly. The maximal HBsAg titers were obtained with soybean suspension cultures (20-22 mg/L) with titers in tobacco cultures being approximately 10-fold lower. For soybean cells, electron microscopy and immunolocalization demonstrated that all the HBsAg was localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and provoked dilation and proliferation of the ER network. Sucrose gradient analysis of crude extracts showed that HBsAg had a complex size distribution uncharacteristic of the antigen's normal structure of uniform 22-nm virus-like particles. The extent of authentic epitope formation was assessed by comparing total p24(s) synthesized to that reactive by polyclonal and monoclonal immunoassays. Depending on culture age, between 40% and 100% of total p24(s) was polyclonal antibody reactive whereas between 6% and 37% was recognized by a commercial monoclonal antibody assay. Possible strategies to increase HBsAg production and improve post-translational processing are discussed.     

A highly efficient hydrophobic interaction chromatographic absorbent improved the purification of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) derived from Hansenula polymorpha cell

To improve the purification efficiency of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen derived from Hansenula polymorpha (Hans-HBsAg), a serial of absorbents for hydrophobic interaction chromatography with the controllable ligand density and spacer arm were synthesized, then developed and further applied to purify Hans-HBsAg. The absorbent, Butyl-S QZT with the ligand density of 25 μmol/(g wet gel) and spacer arm of 3C, was screened out and its physical and chemical properties were evaluated. High rigidity and low backpressure (<0.06 MPa) were obtained at the flow rate up to 20 ml/min. Moreover, it has the stable chemical characteristics of subjecting to high concentrations of acid, alkali and detergents. This HIC absorbent was further applied to purify Hans-HBsAg with the recovery 94% and purification-fold 9 under the optimized operation condition at pH 6.5 and concentration of ammonium sulfate 7.5%. Finally, the HIC adsorbent of Butyl-S QZT was applied in the integrated three-step chromatographic purification process to purify Hans-HBsAg. About 140 mg of purified Hans-HBsAg was obtained from 1 l cell disruption supernatant at the total recovery of 27% and the purification-fold of 151.8. Based on the assay of SDS-PAGE and SEC-HPLC, the purity of the purified HBsAg was over 99% to meet the requirement for the further inoculation use.     

Influence of tryptophan tags on the purification of cutinase, secreted by a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using cationic expanded bed adsorption and hydrophobic interaction chromatography

During cationic bed adsorption (EBA), with cutinase with varying length tryptophan tags (WP)(2)and (WP)(4), 33% and 10% of adsorption capacity and 80% and 32% eluted specific activity were observed in relation to wild type (wt)-cutinase in the conventional process. Therefore, as the hydrophobicity of the protein increases, it is important to integrate the EBA step with a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) process. As the length of the hydrophobic tag-(WP) increases from n = 2 to n = 4, the purification factor obtained by HIC was 1.8 and 2.2-fold higher than wt-cutinase. However, the recovery yield obtained in HIC decreases substantially as the length of hydrophobic tag increases (97%, 84% and 70% for wt-cutinase, cutinase-(WP)(2) and cutinase-(WP)(4)). The integration of two purification steps, EBA followed by HIC, resulted in the highest overall purity level for cutinase-(WP)(2), and the highest overall recovery yield for wt-cutinase. When optimizing the design of a hydrophobic tag fused to a protein secreted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae it must be considered that the cultivation parameters could impair the downstream process, and consequently the optimum tag is not necessarily the one that presents the highest purification factor in HIC.     

应用重定向超速区带离心法纯化HBsAg的研究

采用重定向超速区带离心法进行了从乙肝阳性血清中提纯ＨＢｓＡｇ的研究，获得了一套最佳离心条件，可清除阳性血清中的各种杂蛋白，获得不含乙肝病毒（Ｄａｎｅ颗粒）的纯ＨＢｓＡｇ。此方法具有离心时间短、不漏液、故障少及成本低等优点。本试验结果为采用重定向超速区带离心法大规模纯化ＨＢｓＡｇ、基因工程表达产物及其它生物大分子蛋白提供了实验依据     

Expression of hepatitis B virus S gene in Pichia pastoris and application of the product for detection of anti-HBs antibody

Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAb) is the important serological marker of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Conventionally, the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) obtained from the plasma of HBV carriers is used as the diagnostic antigen for detection of HBsAb. This blood-origin antigen has some disadvantages involved in high cost, over-elaborate preparation, risk of infection, et al. In an attempt to explore the suitable recombinant HBsAg for the diagnostic purpose, the HBV S gene was expressed in Pichia pastoris and the product was applied for detection of HBsAb. Hepatitis B virus S gene was inserted into the yeast vector and the expressed product was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrolamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblot, electronic microscope and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The preparations of synthesized S protein were applied to detect HBsAb by sandwich ELISA. The S gene encoding the 226 amino acid of HBsAg carrying a hexa-histidine tag at C terminus was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris. The His-Tagged S protein in this strain was expressed at a level of about 14.5 % of total cell protein. Immunoblot showed the recombinant HBsAg recognized by monoclonal HBsAb and there was no cross reaction between all proteins from the host and normal sera. HBsAb detection indicated that the sensitivity reached 10 mIu (micro international unit)/ml and the specificity was 100 % with HBsAb standard of National Center for Clinical Laboratories. A total of 293 random sera were assayed using recombinant S protein and a commercial HBsAb ELISA kit (produced by blood-origin HBsAg), 35 HBsAb positive sera and 258 HBsAb negative sera were examined. The same results were obtained with two different reagents and there was no significant difference in the value of S/CO between the two reagents. The recombinant HBV S protein with good immunoreactivity and specificity was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris. The reagent for HBsAb detection prepared by Pichia pastoris-derived S protein showed high sensitivity and specificity for detection of HBsAb standard. And a good correlation was obtained between the reagent produced by recombinant S protein and commercial kit produced by blood-origin HBsAg in random samples.