侧脑室内注射五肽胃泌素对大鼠血压和心率的影响

以动脉血压和心率作为指标,在氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉、三碘季铵酚制动、呼吸机控制呼吸的ＳＤ大鼠上,观察到侧脑室内注射五肽胃泌素（Ｇ５,４μｇ）后动脉血压升高,３ｍｉｎ时达峰值,由给药前的１２．２±１．５ｋＰａ增至１４．６±１．６ｋＰａ;心率增加,其最大值由给药前的４３５±５３．９次／ｍｉｎ,增至４７１．６±５３．２次／ｍｉｎ。而侧脑室注射生理盐水（ｐＨ和容积与Ｇ５相同）或静脉注射同剂量的Ｇ５,对上述指标均无影响。侧脑预先注射α受体阻断剂酚妥拉明（１０μｇ）,可部分桔抗Ｇ５对血压和心率的增加效应;而侧脑室预先注射β受体阻断剂心得安（４μｇ）或侧脑室预先注射Ｍ受体阻断剂阿托品（４μｇ）对Ｇ５的血压和心率增加效应均无影响。结果表明：Ｇ５具有中枢性升高动脉血压和心率的作用,此作用可能部分由脑内α受体介导。     

不周浓度乙醇对蟾蜍血压和心率的影响

本实验采用静脉内注入乙醇的方法,观察了不同浓度乙醇对蟾蜍血压和心率的影响。结果表明：尽管乙醇浓度不同,但大多数注入乙醇后血压降低,少数升高;心率大多数变慢,少数加快或不变。随着乙醇浓度升高,这种现象仍然存在。提示动物种类和个体差异,对乙醇反应也是不同的。     

电刺激兔肾脏传入神经对血压,心率及加压素释放的影响

本工作以兔为实验对象,观察电刺激肾脏传入神经（ＡＲＮ）对血压、心率、颈交感神经放电、以及加压素（ＡＶＰ）合成和释放的影响,并对ＡＲＮ进入中枢的通路作了观察。结果显示,电刺激ＡＲＮ可以引起血压下降、心率减慢、颈交感神经放电抑制等反应,ＡＲＮ的兴奋还可使下丘脑的视上核、室旁核中的ＡＶＰ含量增加,垂体中ＡＶＰ含量下降,血浆ＡＶＰ水平升高。硝普钠的降压实验和静脉注射ＡＶＰ受体阻断剂ＡＶＰａ的实验均证实了Ａ     

不同急性血液循环稀释对大鼠血压,心率和呼吸的影响

本实验采用生理盐水和右旋糖酐两组不同急性血液循环稀释度观察对大鼠血压、心率和呼吸的影响。实验结果表明,随着血液循环稀释度增加,两组平均动脉血压都明显降低(P<0.05和<0.01);心率变化生理盐水稀释组变化不大(P>0.05),右旋糖酐稀释组加快(P<0.01);呼吸频率变化生理盐水稀释组有变慢的现象但意义不大(P>0.05),右旋糖酐稀释组出现先快后慢再快的现象(P>0.05)。提示这两种液体稀释血液循环后对血压、心率和呼吸具有相同也有不同之处,最后对这两种液体稀释血液后对心血管功能影响进行了初步的分析。     

烟碱对氨甲酰胆碱降低心率和血压作用的调节

在乌拉坦麻醉的大鼠上,间隔５ｍｉｎ３次静注烟碱１７５ｕｇ／ｋｇ,首剂烟碱后,动物对其负性心认综合利用科生急性耐受,但对其降压作用不产生急性耐受。相同条件下,间隔５ｍｉｎ３次静注氢甲酰胆碱１０ｕｇ／ｋｇ,动物对其负性心率和降压作用均不产生急性耐受。在对烟碱负性心率作用产生急性耐受的大鼠上,静注氨甲酰胆碱５和１０ｕｇ／ｋｇ,负性心率作用显著增强,但降压作用无显著变化。提示烟碱诱导动物对其负性心率作用产     

电刺激大鼠隔后部对血压和心率的影响及其下行通路

心血管中枢广泛分布在脊髓至大脑皮层的各级水平。其中边缘系统对心血管活动的调节作用显得更为突出。隔后部(CS)是边缘系统成员之一。缰核(Hb)是前脑边缘结构至脑干的驿站,前脑边缘结构的许多部位都有纤维会聚到Hb,CS就是其中之一。本实验室已证明     

颈动脉窦部支架置入术中血压和心率的精细化管理

目的:探讨颈动脉窦部支架置入术中血压、心率的精细化管理,以减少心血管并发症,提高手术成功率.方法:对2009年6月-2010年3月间行颈动脉窦部狭窄支架置入术的59例患者,通过制定精细化的护理措施,从认知、心理、行为等方面进行护理干预,充分作好预见性准备,建立血压、心率波动曲线图,及时发现术中心率、血压的变化,把握给药时机,有效预防和控制心血管并发症.结果:通过良好的精细化管理措施,术中有心率减慢6例、血压降低4例、血压升高2例,因发现及时,给予对症处理后恢复正常,其余患者顺利完成介入治疗,无严重并发症发生.结论:加强窦部支架置入术中心率、血压的精细化管理,是保证病人安全的有力措施,对手术的顺利进行具有重要的指导意义.     

杏仁中央核注射β—内啡肽对大鼠血压和心率的影响及其机制的分析

本工作采用微量注射法向大鼠杏仁中央核注射β－Ｅｎｄ对大鼠血压和心率的影响,并对其作用机制进行初步分析。实验结果表明：（１）β－Ｅｎｄ（１００,２５０ｐｇ／１μｌ）可引起血压降低和心率减慢,（２）纳洛酮及β－Ｅｎｄ抗血清均可拮抗β－Ｅｎｄ的效应。（３）酚妥拉明及心得安均可翻转β－Ｅｎｄ的降低血压和减慢心率的效应。结果提示;杏仁中央核注射β－Ｅｎｄ引起的心血管效应是通过阿片受体内介的,并且与肾素能神经     

树鼩血压和心率的无创测定

目的建立健康树鼩的心率、血压正常值参考范围,并探讨不同来源、不同性别、不同年龄树鼩心率、血压的差异。方法随机挑选实验树鼩180只,按来源分为野生成年组、F1代自繁成年组和青幼年组三个组,每组雌雄各半,共60只。采用智能无创血压计（鼠仪）逐只测定HR（心率）、SBP（收缩压）、DBP（舒张压）和MBP（平均动脉压）。结果野生成年树鼩、自繁成年树鼩和青幼年树鼩心率分别为394.33±37.74 BPM、351.61±72.76 BPM和378.19±69.04 BPM,野生和自繁成年树鼩组差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。自繁成年树鼩收缩压、舒张压和平均动脉压均明显低于青幼年树鼩,差异有极显著性（P〈0.01）。野生成年树鼩和自繁成年树鼩相比,收缩压、舒张压和平均动脉压差异均无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论大鼠无创血压计适合于树鼩的血压、心率的测量。通过测定,获得了野生成年树鼩、F1代自繁成年树鼩和青幼年树鼩的心率和血压参考值范围,丰富了树鼩基础生理数据,可为相关研究提供科学参考。     

快速起搏致心力衰竭猪模型的研究进展

制作心力衰竭动物模型的方法较多,而持续快速心脏起搏诱发的心衰在血流动力学、神经激素变化及病理改变等方面均与人的慢性心衰极相似,因此是一种较为理想的心衰动物模型。尤其是快速起搏诱导的猪心衰模型,更由于猪在生理功能、解剖结构上与人的相似而更具有应用价值。     

猪心脏移植中供体急性脑死亡模型的初步研究

目的建立猪心脏移植供体的急性脑死亡模型,观察急性脑死亡前及后1、5、10 min时的血流动力学和血浆中儿茶酚胺释放的变化并进行初步探讨。方法采用30~40 kg的猪8只,急性脑死亡前为对照组,急性脑死亡后为实验组。测定脑死亡前基础水平及脑死亡后1、5、10 min时血流动力学改变和血浆中儿茶酚胺释放的变化,并对二者的变化进行初步探讨。结果急性脑死亡后1 min时血流动力学及儿茶酚胺水平改变最明显,心率增加了88%,收缩压升高了132%,心排量增加了80%,肾上腺素(E)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)分别升高240%和241%,多巴胺(DA)没有明显增加。随后二者均持续下降,至10 min时已降至基础水平以下。血流动力学改变的程度及时间分布与儿茶酚胺中的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素一致。结论急性脑死亡可造成机体血流动力学及血浆儿茶酚胺水平的剧烈改变,血中儿茶酚胺含量升高是造成急性脑死亡后血流动力学改变的原因,其中E和NE与血流动力学改变直接相关。     

猪毛质量对胱氨酸提取率的影响

本文介绍了用不同方法处理的猪毛分别在实验室和工厂提取胱氨酸,证明胱氨酸的得率和猪毛质量有关。含杂１５％左右的干打猪毛大生产胱氨酸的得率平均４．４％;不含杂质的猪座子毛胱氨酸得率平均达６．７１％探讨了清除猪毛杂质,提高猪毛质量对胱氨酸生产的重要意义。     

Norms of vagal nerve activity,indexed by Heart Rate Variability,in cancer patients

Recent research has begun to show the role of the activity of the vagus nerve in cancer prognosis. However, it remains unknown whether cancer severity can impair vagal nerve activity. This study combined data (N = 657) of five different cancers (colorectal, pancreas, prostate, lung and ovarian) concerning patients’ Heart Rate Variability (HRV), a vagal nerve activity index. These data were compared to HRV levels of a healthy sample in another study. In addition, we examined the moderating effects of age, gender and cancer stage on HRV. The mean HRV of the cancer patients sample was significantly lower (HRV = 22 ms) compared to the healthy sample (HRV = 50 ms) (p < 0.000001). While age and gender did not significantly affect HRV, cancer patients with advanced stages had significantly lower HRV than those with early stages (p = 0.011). A possible bi-directional relation between cancer and vagal nerve activity is discussed. These findings are of importance for prognostication since they provide researchers and clinicians with expected values of vagal nerve activity in cancer patients.     

Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Healthy Persons and Kidney Transplant Patients: Correlations with Activity

Fourteen diurnally active (07: 00–22: 39 h) normotensive healthy control subjects and 14 kidney transplant patients were studied by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and wrist actigraphy simultaneously during one 24-h period. In the control group, circadian rhythms in systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean arterial (MAP) blood pressure, heart rate (HR), and wrist activity were documented by cosinor analysis with comparable afternoon peak times. In contrast, circadian rhythms with afternoon acrophases were detected only in HR and wrist activity in the patient group. The correlation of wrist activity with HR in controls and patients was comparable. Wrist activity and blood pressure were associated (r = 0.65 DBP and 0.54 SBP; p < 0.05) in controls, while in patients the relationship was weak or absent (r ranging from 0.02 SBP to 0.22 DBP). In 6 of 14 patients, BP and wrist activity were negatively correlated, reflecting the existence of nocturnal hypertension. In eight others, the correlation was small but positive. The 24-h pattern in BP and wrist activity in controls was comparably phased; however, this was not the case for the transplant patients, indicating the day-night pattern in blood pressure in this group is strongly dependent on pathologic phenomena rather than activity level and pattern.     

猪雌激素受体（ESR）基因对产仔数性状的影响

猪产仔数是重要的经济性状,产仔数的提高将会大大地增加商品肉猪的产量,给现代养猪生产带来巨大的经济效益。ＥＳＲ基因是影响猪产仔数的主效基因,而且与猪的生长发育性状及酮体性状之间不存在负的基因多效性影响。采用ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰｓ的方法,通过对５个不同品种的、特别是我国地方品种的２６２头母猪进行了基因多态性分析,研究表明ＥＳＲ基因在这种种群对产仔数均有极显著影响,ＥＳＲ位点ＢＢ基因型母猪平均比ＡＡ基因型母     

莱芜猪心脏cDNA文库的构建与鉴定

以莱芜猪心脏为供试材料,采用改进的异硫氰酸胍法提取心脏总RNA。通过SMART技术反转录合成全长cD-NA,经LD-PCR扩增后与pMD18-T载体连接并转化细菌DH5α,测定滴度和重组率,构建成莱芜猪心脏全长cDNA文库。经初步检测,原始文库的滴度为1.8×105CFU/mL,重组率约为94.4%。从原始文库随机挑取13个单菌落过夜培养,提取质粒,经HindⅢ和EcoRⅠ双酶切,凝胶电泳显示插入片段大小在0.3-2.0kb之间。     

心率与血压的变异性：分析方法,生理意义及其应用

本文回顾了关心回顾变异性及血压变异性的最新进展。在分析方法方面介绍了单一生理变量多变量系统的线性分析技术及其主要结果。对ＨＲＶ／ＢＰＶ谱的生理意义及其应用问题,也进行了回顾了评述。     

Heart Rate Variability During 24 Hours in Asthmatic Children

The autonomic circadian rhythm plays an important role in asthma. In recent years it has become possible to evaluate autonomic nervous function (ANF) using analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). We analyzed the HRV in the 24h period following the state without an asthma attack in order to study the relationship between asthma and ANF. The HRV was analyzed in 94 asthmatic children (ages 5–15 years). These subjects were divided into groups according to the severity of their asthma. After recording a 24h ambulatory electrocardiograph (AECG), the HRV was analyzed by a computer. Evaluation of the HRV was carried out using time-domain and frequency-domain analyses. The ANF of asthma subjects was decreased in comparison to the normal group. The severity of asthma had a significant effect on the %RR50 (the proportion of cycles during which the difference is > 50 ms), the SD (standard deviation; mean of standard deviation of all normal RR intervals for all 5-minute periods), the low-frequency (LF) band (0.04 to 0.15 Hz), and the high-frequency (HF) band (0.15 to 0.4 Hz) (%RR50: F = 4.31, p = 0.01; SD: F=3.48, p = 0.03; LF: F=3.67, p = 0.02; HF: F=3.41, p = 0.03). These values were lowest in the severe asthma group. With regard to the therapy grouping, the index that exhibited a significant difference was the NNA (mean of normal-to-normal RR intervals over 24h) (F = 4.43, p = 0.01) In conclusion, even in the normal condition in which the patient is free of an asthma attack, the ANF of asthma sufferers differs from that of normal children. It is possible that the different ANF of asthma sufferers is related to the severity of the asthma. (Chronobiology International, 14(6), 597–606, 1997)     

Elevated Variance in Heart Rate During Slow-Wave Sleep After Late-Night Physical Activity

This study investigates the effect of mild physical activity before bedtime on the sleep pattern and heart rate during the night. Nine healthy subjects underwent a habituation night, a reference night, and a physical induction night. The physical induction night did not alter the sleep pattern. Physical activity before bedtime resulted in higher heart rate variance during slow-wave sleep. The low-frequency/high-frequency component (LF/HF) ratio during slow-wave sleep in the physical induction night was significantly higher than during the reference night. Increased mean heart rate and higher LF/HF ratio are related to decreased parasympathetic dominance. Exercise up to 1?h before bedtime thus seems to modify the quality of sleep. (Author correspondence: Daniel.Berckmans@biw.kuleuven.be)