乳腺癌患者心理韧性相关影响因素分析及心理韧性与焦虑的关系

目的:分析乳腺癌患者心理韧性的影响因素,并分析心理韧性与焦虑的关系。方法:于2017年2月～2018年4月期间,选择蚌埠医学院第二附属医院收治的乳腺癌患者287例为研究对象,分别采用心理韧性量表(RS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估研究对象的心理韧性及焦虑状态,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析法分析乳腺癌患者心理韧性相关的影响因素,应用多元逐步线性回归分析法分析乳腺癌患者心理韧性与焦虑的关系。结果:乳腺癌患者RS得分为(76.72±9.82)分。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、居住地、家庭月收入及费用支出形式患者的RS得分比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同文化程度、婚姻状况、手术类型及肿瘤分期患者的RS得分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄为20～40岁、居住地为农村、家庭月收入3000元、费用支出形式为自费是乳腺癌患者心理韧性的影响因素(P0.05)。乳腺癌患者SAS得分为(5.02±1.42)分,以心理韧性为自变量,焦虑为因变量进行多元逐步线性回归分析,结果显示,乳腺癌患者心理韧性为焦虑的预测因子,其心理韧性水平越高,焦虑程度越低(P0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者心理韧性水平偏低,且其对患者焦虑状态具有预测作用,年龄为20～40岁、居住地为农村、家庭月收入3000元、费用支出形式为自费是乳腺癌患者心理韧性的影响因素,临床治疗中应该根据以上影响因素进行相关干预。     

Adjuvant psychological therapy for patients with cancer: a prospective randomised trial.

OBJECTIVE--To determine the effect of adjuvant psychological therapy on the quality of life of patients with cancer. DESIGN--Prospective randomised controlled trial comparing the quality of life of patients receiving psychological therapy with that of patients receiving no therapy, measured before therapy, at eight weeks, and at four months of follow up. SETTING--CRC Psychological Medicine Group of Royal Marsden Hospital. PATIENTS--174 patients aged 18-74 attending hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of malignant disease, a life expectancy of at least 12 months, or scores on various measures of psychological morbidity above previously defined cut off points. INTERVENTION--Adjuvant psychological therapy, a brief, problem focused, cognitive-behavioural treatment programme specifically designed for the needs of individual cancer patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Hospital anxiety and depression scale, mental adjustment to cancer scale, Rotterdam symptom checklist, psychosocial adjustment to illness scale. RESULTS--156 (90%) patients completed the eight week trial; follow up data at four months were obtained for 137 patients (79%). At eight weeks, patients receiving therapy had significantly higher scores than control patients on fighting spirit and significantly lower scores on helplessness, anxious preoccupation, and fatalism; anxiety; psychological symptoms; and on orientation towards health care. These differences indicated improvement in each case. At four months, patients receiving therapy had significantly lower scores than controls on anxiety; psychological symptoms; and psychological distress. Clinically, the proportion of severely anxious patients dropped from 46% at baseline to 20% at eight weeks and 20% at four months in the therapy group and from 48% to 41% and to 43% respectively among controls. The proportion of patients with depression was 40% at baseline, 13% at eight weeks, and 18% at four months in the therapy group and 30%, 29%, and 23% respectively in controls. CONCLUSIONS--Adjuvant psychological therapy produces significant improvement in various measures of psychological distress among cancer patients. The effect of therapy observed at eight weeks persists in some but not all measures at four month follow up.     

Improving the wellbeing and resilience of health services staff via psychological skills training

Objective

Health services staff work in a stressful environment, which can negatively impact their mental health and wellbeing, and as a result can affect psychosocial and professional functioning. The implementation of resilience training aims to provide staff with basic psychological skills to improve mental health outcomes. The aim of the current pre-post study was to determine the short-term effects of group-based resilience training on clinical and non-clinical medical staff’s (n?=?40) mental health outcomes.

Results

The study showed statistically significant improvements in resilience (r?=?0.51, p?=?0.02) and wellbeing (d?=?0.29, p?=?0.001) from before to 1 month after the training. Participants with the lowest wellbeing and resilience scores at start of the training showed higher effect sizes compared to those with highest wellbeing and resilience scores, (r?=?0.67 compared to r?=???0.36 for wellbeing scores and d?=?0.92 compared to d?=?0.24 for resilience scores); differences that point to particular impact of the training for people with the lowest baseline values. No significant changes in psychological distress as a result of depression, anxiety and stress were found. Brief implications of the findings for mental health and wellbeing interventions in the health services are discussed.

     

甲状腺功能减退症患者心理健康状况及影响因素分析

目的:研究甲状腺功能减退症患者的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为预防、改善甲减患者心理健康状况提供参考依据。方法:选取2014年1月-2016年1月来我院治疗的226例甲减患者作为甲减组,另从杨浦区多个社区随机抽取同期254例健康者作为健康组,采用SCL-90症状自评量表、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)及一般情况调查问卷对两组研究对象进行调查,采用Logistic回归分析甲减患者的影响因素。结果:两组性别、年龄及职业之间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而文化程度、经济收入的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);甲减组患者强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性评分及总分均高于健康组(P0.05);甲减组患者中焦虑、抑郁、人际关系敏感所占比重较高,分别为30.97%,26.11%,26.11%;与健康组相比,甲减组患者SSRS评分中主观支持、客观支持、支持利用度评分及总分均明显降低(P0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示社会支持、文化程度为小学、经济收入30000元/年是甲减患者心理健康的影响因素(P0.05)。结论:甲减患者心理状况较差,存在较严重的焦虑和抑郁情况,在治疗同时应注意健康教育和心理关怀,尤其是对收入低、文化程度低或社会支持程度低的患者,应给予及时的心理治疗,可提高患者的生活质量。     

基于加速康复外科理念的早期康复训练联合八段锦前四式在乳腺癌改良根治术后患者中的应用效果研究

摘要 目的：研究基于加速康复外科（ERAS）理念的早期康复训练联合八段锦前四式在乳腺癌改良根治术后患者中的应用效果。方法：选择2019年9月~2022年5月期间在湖南中医药大学第一附属医院行乳腺癌改良根治术的128例乳腺癌患者。按照随机数字表法将患者分为对照组（基于ERAS理念的早期康复训练,n=64）和研究组（对照组的基础上接受八段锦前四式干预,n=64）。对比两组抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分、健康调查简表（SF-36）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）和肩关节活动度。结果：与对照组相比,研究组干预后SDS、SAS评分更低（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,研究组情感/生理职能、躯体疼痛、社会/生理功能、活力、总体/精神健康评分更高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,研究组干预后VAS评分更低,Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分更高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,研究组干预后前屈、后伸、外展关节活动度更大（P<0.05）。结论：基于ERAS的早期康复训练联合八段锦前四式应用于乳腺癌改良根治术后患者,可提高患者的生活质量,可能与缓解焦虑、抑郁情绪,减轻术后疼痛,促进肩关节功能恢复有关。     

Depression and Anxiety Disorders among Hospitalized Women with Breast Cancer

Purpose

To document the prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders, and their associations with mortality among hospitalized breast cancer patients.

Methods

We examined the associations between breast cancer diagnosis and the diagnoses of anxiety or depression among 4,164 hospitalized breast cancer cases matched with 4,164 non-breast cancer controls using 2006-2009 inpatient data obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. Conditional logistic regression models were used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between breast cancer diagnosis and diagnoses of anxiety or depression. We also used binary logistic regression models to examine the association between diagnoses of depression or anxiety, and in-hospital mortality among breast cancer patients.

Results

We observed that breast cancer cases were less likely to have a diagnosis of depression (OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.52-0.77), and less likely to have a diagnosis of anxiety (OR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.52-0.90) compared with controls. This association remained after controlling for race/ethnicity, residential income, insurance and residential region. Breast cancer patients with a depression diagnosis also had lower mortality (OR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.52-0.89) compared with those without a depression diagnosis, but there was no significant difference in mortality among those with and without anxiety diagnoses.

Conclusion

Diagnoses of depression and anxiety in breast cancer patients were less prevalent than expected based on our analysis of hospitalized breast cancer patients and matched non-breast cancer controls identified in the NIS dataset using ICD-9 diagnostic codes. Results suggest that under-diagnosis of mental health problems may be common among hospitalized women with a primary diagnosis of breast cancer. Future work may fruitfully explore reasons for, and consequences of, inappropriate identification of the mental health needs of breast cancer patients.     

团体心理咨询对甲减患者焦虑抑郁情绪的影响

目的:探讨团体心理咨询对甲减患者焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响,为改善甲减患者心理健康状况提供参考依据。方法:选择2014年1月至2016年1月在我院确诊为甲减后焦虑、抑郁的60例患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=30)和研究组(n=30)。对照组给予常规药物治疗,研究组在对照组基础上给予6周的团体心理咨询治疗。治疗后6周、3个月测量两组患者的甲状腺功能情况,并对比治疗前、治疗后6周及治疗后3个月两组的汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分,另外治疗后3个月比较两组患者的满意度。结果:治疗后6周对照组甲状腺功能正常24例,异常6例,研究组正常25例,异常5例;治疗3个月两组甲状腺功能正常均为30例,两组患者治疗后6周、3个月的甲状腺功能情况比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。治疗后6周、3个月两组HAMA、HAMD评分较治疗前降低,且研究组较对照组的评分更低(P0.05)。治疗后3个月研究组患者满意度为96.67%(29/30),明显高于对照组的66.67%(20/30)(P0.05)。结论:团体心理咨询在甲减后焦虑、抑郁患者的治疗中的作用明显,可显著改善患者的心理健康状况,提高患者的满意度。     

Evaluation of adjuvant psychological therapy in patients with testicular cancer: randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of adjuvant psychological therapy in patients with testicular cancer and to compare the characteristics and psychosocial outcomes of men who agreed to participate with those who declined to participate in a randomised trial of psychological intervention. DESIGN: Newly diagnosed patients were asked to participate in a randomised trial of psychological support compared with standard medical care. Participants and non-participants completed self assessment questionnaires at baseline and at 2, 4 and 12 months. SETTING: Testicular Tumour Unit of the Royal Marsden Hospital. SUBJECTS: 73 of 184 (40%) eligible patients agreed to enter the randomised trial (participants) and 81 (44%) declined to participate but agreed to complete further assessments (non-participants). 30 patients wanted no further contact with the researchers. OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospital anxiety and depression scale, psychosocial adjustment to illness scale, Rotterdam symptom checklist, mental adjustment to cancer scale. Only scores on the hospital anxiety and depression scale are reported for evaluating treatment efficacy. RESULTS: 111 of 184 (60%) eligible men declined to participate in the trial. Patients with stage I disease were most likely to refuse to participate. A patient was less likely to participate if he had low volume disease and was receiving no further treatment. Likelihood of participation was associated with stage of disease and with type of primary treatment (P < 0.001 for heterogeneity). Patients with early stage disease (P < 0.001) and fewer physical symptoms (P < 0.001) were less likely to participate. Psychosocial factors associated with participation included anxious preoccupation regarding disease (P = 0.01). There were no differences in outcome between participants and non-participants during follow up. Patients seemed to gain little benefit from adjuvant psychological therapy. At 2 months change from baseline favoured the treated group in the anxiety subscale (mean difference between groups -1.41 (95% confidence interval -2.86 to 0.03)). This was not sustained when adjusted for factors related to the disease. By 12 months change from baseline seemed to favour the control group (mean difference between groups 1.66 (-0.18 to 3.50)). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with testicular cancer seem to have considerable coping abilities. Those who declined to participate in the trial differed from those who participated. Those who agreed to participate may comprise the clinical group who perceive a need for psychological support. No evidence was found to indicate a need for routinely offering adjuvant psychological therapy.     

Association between prehypertension and psychological distress among adults in Saudi Arabia: A population-based survey

BackgroundPrehypertension is a precursor to hypertension status. Psychological distress has been identified earlier among hypertensives; however, there is little evidence for the presumptive relationship between prehypertension and psychological distress.ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the psychological wellbeing of the Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia population, using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and correlating it with prehypertensive patients in the same population.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of the population of Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia, was carried out between January and June of 2016. With an 85 percent response rate, a total of 1016 participants participated in the study. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between prehypertension and psychological distress.ResultsThe findings of the adjusted analysis demonstrated that, on average prehypertensive patients were more distressed psychologically than non-hypertensive patients (unstandardized Beta regression coefficient = 3.600; P-value 0.025). Similarly, on average women were found to be more psychologically distressed than men (unstandardized Beta = 1.511, P-value 0.002). Civil workers and unemployed individuals were more psychologically distressed than employed individuals (unstandardized Beta = 1.326, P-value 0.041) while adjusting for the sociodemographic and other variables such as BMI, diabetes status, cholesterol, and smoking status.ConclusionThe current study shows that as compared to normotensive patients, self-rated mental wellbeing and psychological wellbeing are all considerably poorer among prehypertensive patients. To prevent individuals from having negative psychological outcomes and their long-term complications, the Government of Saudi Arabia needs to concentrate on prehypertensive, female, and unemployed individuals. Well-designed longitudinal studies, primarily in Saudi Arabia, are needed in the future to research the cause and impact of poor mental health and prehypertension.     

乳腺癌术后患者创伤后成长与心理弹性和生命质量的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨乳腺癌术后患者创伤后成长（PTG）的影响因素,并分析其与心理弹性和生命质量的关系。方法：选择2020年1月~2021年8月在山东省立第三医院接受手术治疗的乳腺癌患者80例作为研究对象。采用创伤后成长量表（PTGI）评价乳腺癌术后患者PTG情况。采用乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表（FACT-B）评价生命质量。采用心理弹性量表（CD-RISC）评价心理弹性。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析乳腺癌术后患者PTG的影响因素,采用Pearson相关性分析PTGI评分与CD-RISC评分和FACT-B评分的关系。结果：乳腺癌术后患者PTGI评分为（50.38±13.39）分,根据PTGI评分将其分为PTG高分组（n=32）和PTG低分组（n=48）。乳腺癌术后患者PTG水平与文化程度、家庭月收入、疾病发现方式、工作状况、手术方式、临床分期、术后并发症、基础疾病有关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：家庭月收入<3000元、临床分期为II期、文化程度为小学及其以下、手术方式为乳房切除、有术后并发症、有基础疾病均是乳腺癌术后患者PTG的危险因素（P<0.05）。PTG高分组患者的CD-RISC、FACT-B评分高于PTG低分组,组间对比有统计学差异（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,PTGI评分与CD-RISC评分、FACT-B评分呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论：乳腺癌术后患者PTG水平一般,受到临床分期、文化程度、手术方式等多种因素的影响,临床工作中应对相关因素予以重视并及时干预。同时PTG会影响患者的心理弹性和生命质量,PTG水平越高,心理弹性越好,生命质量亦越高。     

The Associations of Psychological Stress with Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms among Chinese Bladder and Renal Cancer Patients: The Mediating Role of Resilience

BackgroundThe prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their associated factors in bladder and renal cancer patients are not well evaluated in China. Given the growing attention to positive psychological constructs in the field of oncology, it is necessary to explore the effects of these constructs on depressive and anxiety symptoms. This study aims to explore the associations of psychological stress with depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese bladder and renal cancer patients and the mediating role of resilience in these relationships.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University in Liaoning province. 327 bladder cancer patients and 268 renal cancer patients completed questionnaires on demographic variables, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Resilience Scale-14, and Perceived Stress Scale-10 during the period from July 2013 to July 2014. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to explore the mediating role of resilience.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 78.0% and 71.3% in bladder cancer patients, and 77.6% and 68.3% in renal cancer patients. Psychological stress was positively related to depressive and anxiety symptoms, while resilience was negatively related to these symptoms. Resilience partially mediated the relations of psychological stress with depressive and anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese bladder and renal cancer patients should receive more attention from medical institutions and government agencies. In addition to reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms, resilience development should be included in depression and anxiety prevention and treatment strategies in China.     

肝癌术后患者心理弹性水平调查及与生存质量、应对方式和创伤后成长的相关性分析

摘要 目的：调查肝癌术后患者心理弹性水平现状,并探讨其与生存质量、应对方式和创伤后成长的相关性。方法：选取2018年11月-2021年3月我院收治的120例原发性肝癌术后住院患者,采用中文版Conner-Davidson心理弹性量表（CD-RICS）对患者心理弹性水平进行调查,另分别采用肝癌患者生活质量测定量表（QOL-LC）、医学应对方式问卷（MCMQ）、创伤后成长评定量表（PTGI）对患者进行问卷调查。采用Spearman法分析原发性肝癌术后患者心理弹性水平与生存质量、应对方式和创伤后成长的相关性。结果：肝癌术后患者心理弹性总分、乐观、自强、坚韧各维度评分均明显低于中国常模得分（P<0.05）;肝癌术后患者各生存质量维度评分均明显低于中国常模得分（P<0.05）;肝癌术后患者面对应对方式得分较中国常模得分低,回避和屈服应对方式得分较中国常模得分高（P<0.05）;肝癌术后患者创伤后成长总分、各维度评分均明显低于中国常模得分（P<0.05）。肝癌术后患者心理弹性总分与各生存质量维度得分呈正相关（P<0.05）。肝癌术后患者心理弹性总分与回避、屈服应对方式呈负相关,与面对应对方式得分呈正相关（P<0.05）。肝癌术后患者心理弹性总分与创伤后成长总分、各维度得分均呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论：肝癌术后患者具有较低的心理弹性水平,心理弹性水平与积极应对方式、生存质量和创伤后成长呈正相关,应采取针对性措施提高肝癌术后患者心理弹性水平,促进患者术后康复。     

重复经颅磁刺激联合阿普唑仑治疗失眠症伴焦虑患者的效果分析

摘要 目的：研究重复经颅磁刺激以及阿普唑仑联用治疗失眠症伴焦虑患者的效果。方法：选择2015年1月～2019年12月我院神经内科收治的81例失眠症伴焦虑患者,将其随机分为两组。对照组每晚在睡前30 min服用阿普唑仑0.8 mg,观察组联用重复经颅磁刺激。比较两组的临床疗效,治疗前后焦虑评分、生活质量和睡眠质量评分的变化。结果：治疗后,观察组的有效率为95.00 %,明显高于对照组(73.17 %,P<0.05);两组焦虑评分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),心理领域、社会领域、环境领域和生理领域评分均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组的焦虑评分和心理领域、社会领域、环境领域、生理领域评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组的睡眠持续性、主观睡眠质量、睡眠障碍、日间功能、睡眠潜伏期、安眠药物和入睡时间评分均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组以上指标均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：重复经颅磁刺激以及阿普唑仑联用治疗失眠症伴焦虑患者的效果明显优于单用阿普唑仑治疗,其能有效减轻其焦虑程度,提高患者生活质量及睡眠质量。     

肺癌患者心理弹性的影响因素及与社会支持和生活质量的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨肺癌患者心理弹性的影响因素,分析肺癌患者心理弹性与社会支持和生活质量的关系。方法：选取2018年6月至2019年12月期间我院收治的173例肺癌患者（肺癌组）和同期于我院进行体检的116例健康者（对照组）,分别采用心理弹性量表（CD-RISC）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、健康状况调查简表（SF-36）评估所有受试者心理弹性、社会支持、生活质量。收集患者临床资料,分析肺癌患者心理弹性的影响因素。相关性分析采用Pearson检验。结果：肺癌组CD-RISC、SSRS、SF-36评分均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。不同年龄、性别、教育程度、性格特征、SSRS评分、治疗阶段、复发情况、转移情况患者之间CD-RISC评分比较差异显著（P＜0.05）。多重线性回归分析结果显示性别、教育程度、性格特征、SSRS评分、治疗阶段、复发、转移均为肺癌患者心理弹性的影响因素（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关分析结果显示肺癌患者CD-RISC评分与SSRS、SF-36评分均呈正相关（r=0.567、0.617,P=0.047、0.346）。结论：肺癌患者心理弹性较正常人降低,性别、教育程度、性格特征、SSRS评分、治疗阶段、复发、转移是影响肺癌患者心理弹性的主要因素。肺癌患者心理弹性与社会支持、生活质量均有关。     

Childhood Environment and Mental Wellbeing at Age 60-64 Years: Prospective Evidence from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development

Background

Mental wellbeing, conceptualised as positive affect, life satisfaction and realisation of needs that contribute to psychological growth, captures more than the absence of mental ill health. Several nations now aim to monitor and improve mental wellbeing. Whilst many studies document associations between adverse childhood experiences and mental disorders in adulthood, possible links between childhood experiences and adult mental wellbeing have so far received less attention.

Methods

Using data from 1976 men and women in the MRC National Survey for Health and Development, we investigated prospective associations between childhood socioeconomic and psychosocial environments and the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, designed to capture both hedonic and eudaimonic facets of wellbeing, at age 60-64.

Results

Whilst there was no evidence that childhood socioeconomic circumstances were related to later wellbeing independently of other childhood experiences, elements of childrearing and parenting, parental health and adjustment, and childhood illness were related. More advantaged socioeconomic position was associated with greater wellbeing but this did not explain the links between these childhood exposures and adult wellbeing, suggesting alternative explanatory pathways should be considered.

Conclusions

Childhood illness and family psychosocial environment are associated with mental wellbeing in early older age, with effects sizes that are larger or comparable to socioeconomic circumstances in adulthood. Initiatives to improve the nation’s mental wellbeing that include programmes targeted to supporting families and children may additionally have benefits that continue into older age.     

耐多药肺结核患者心理健康状况调查及与应对方式、社会支持的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨耐多药肺结核患者心理健康状况的影响因素,分析其及与应对方式、社会支持的相关性。方法：选择2018年4月至2020年5月我院诊治的101例耐多药肺结核患者作为观察组,选择同期99例敏感肺结核患者作为对照组。两组均测评症状自评量表-90(SCL-90)评分、医学应对问卷(MCMQ)评分以及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评分,分析SCL-90总评分与MCMQ各因子评分、SSRS总评分的相关性,采用Logistic回归模型分析心理健康状况的影响因素。结果：与对照组相比,观察组的躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖和精神病性评分以及总评分明显提高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组的面对评分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度评分以及总评分均降低（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示,SCL-90总评分与MCMQ评分中的回避和屈服评分呈正相关性（r=0.386、0.311,均P<0.05）,SCL-90总评分与SSRS总评分呈负相关（r=-0.332,P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,经济状况差、躯体健康状况差、病情严重、睡眠质量差和生活满意度低是耐多药肺结核患者心理健康不良的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：耐多药肺结核患者心理健康状况差,应对方式选择面对较少,总体社会支持水平较低,患者的心理健康状况与应对方式、社会支持存在一定的相关性。在提供躯体性治疗的基础上,应结合患者的心理健康状况及相关危险因素给予适当干预。     

Breast cancer trends in women younger than 40 years in Brazil

BackgroundA recent Brazilian populational database analysis showed a concerning increase in breast cancer mortality rates among patients under 40 years. We aimed to evaluate the trends in the proportion of new breast cancer cases and deaths occurring in patients younger than 40 years over the last decade in Brazil.MethodsWe evaluated all consecutive breast cancer patients treated from 2009 to 2020 in a Brazilian tertiary cancer center. The proportions of new cases and deaths in patients younger than 40 years was compared between two time periods (2015–2020 versus 2009–2014) using Chi-squared test. Linear regression was used to evaluate the trends in the proportion of new cases and deaths in young patients over the years.ResultsFrom 2009 to 2020, a total of 12,569 breast cancer patients started treatment at our institution; 1441 were younger than 40 years. From 2009 to 2014, 9.9% (95% CI 9.2–10.7%) were patients younger than 40 years compared to 12.9% (95% CI 12.1–13.8%) from 2015 to 2020. Similarly, the proportion of deaths among breast cancer patients younger than 40 years increased during the period (2009–2014: 9.6%, 95% CI 7.8–11.6%; 2015–2020: 12.4%, 95% CI 10.9–14%). The linear regression model showed a trend for an increasing proportion of new breast cancer cases occurring in patients under 40 years (P = 0.005). Proportion increased from 7.9% (95% CI 6.2–9.8%) in 2009 to 21.8% (95% CI 19.1–24.8%) in 2020. The trend for the increase in the proportion of deaths in this young population was also observed in the linear regression model (P = 0.01).ConclusionsThe proportion of new breast cancer cases and deaths among patients younger than 40 years has increased in a public Brazilian cancer center over the past decade. These results raise the concern for the need to reconsider primary and secondary prevention strategies for young women.     

氟哌噻吨美利曲辛联合心理干预对慢性心力衰竭伴抑郁焦虑患者心功能、心理状态及生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：探讨氟哌噻吨美利曲辛联合心理干预对慢性心力衰竭伴抑郁焦虑患者心功能、心理状态及生活质量的影响。方法：选取2019年8月至2020年1月期间在首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院和解放军总医院第三医学中心治疗的慢性心力衰竭伴抑郁焦虑患者90例,并根据随机数字表法分为对照组（心理干预联合常规抗心衰治疗）和实验组（对照组的基础上联合氟哌噻吨美利曲辛治疗）,各45例,均治疗4周。对比两组疗效、心功能、心理状态及生活质量。结果：实验组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后两组患者的广泛性焦虑量表（GAD-7）评分、健康问卷抑郁症状群量表（PHQ-9）评分降低,且实验组低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后两组患者的左室射血分数（LVEF）、心输出量（CO）、6min步行试验（6MWT）升高,且实验组高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后两组患者的社会功能、临床得分、自我认知、心理方面各维度评分升高,且实验组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：心理干预联合氟哌噻吨美利曲辛治疗慢性心力衰竭伴抑郁焦虑患者,可有效改善焦虑抑郁情况,提高患者生活质量,促进心功能恢复,疗效可靠。     

阶段性康复训练联合心理认知疗法在高血压脑出血偏瘫患者中的应用效果分析

摘要 目的：分析阶段性康复训练联合心理认知疗法在高血压脑出血偏瘫患者中的应用效果。方法：选取2018年4月~2021年7月期间我院收治的高血压脑出血偏瘫患者100例。根据双色球随机分组法将患者分为对照组（50例,常规治疗基础上接受阶段性康复训练）和观察组（50例,对照组基础上接受心理认知疗法）。对比两组干预4周后的临床总有效率,对比两组干预前、干预4周后的Fugl-Meyer 量表（FMA）、日常生活能力量表（ADL）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD) 、简明健康调查量表(SF-36)评分。结果：观察组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。干预4周后,两组HAMA、HAMD评分下降,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。干预4周后,两组FMA、ADL评分升高,且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。干预4周后,两组总体健康、躯体疼痛、社会功能、生理职能、生理功能、情感职能、精神健康、活力评分均升高,且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：阶段性康复训练联合心理认知疗法有助于提高高血压脑出血偏瘫患者肢体运动功能和日常生活功能,缓解抑郁焦虑情况,促进生活质量提高。     

Disparities in Oral Cancer Survival among Mentally Ill Patients

Background

Many studies have reported excess cancer mortality in patients with mental illness. However, scant studies evaluated the differences in cancer treatment and its impact on survival rates among mentally ill patients. Oral cancer is one of the ten most common cancers in the world. We investigated differences in treatment type and survival rates between oral cancer patients with mental illness and without mental illness.

Methods

Using the National Health Insurance (NHI) database, we compared the type of treatment and survival rates in 16687 oral cancer patients from 2002 to 2006. The utilization rate of surgery for oral cancer was compared between patients with mental illness and without mental illness using logistic regression. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for survival analysis.

Results

Oral cancer patients with mental disorder conferred a grave prognosis, compared with patients without mental illness (hazard ratios [HR] = 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30–1.93; P<0.001). After adjusting for patients’ characteristics and hospital characteristics, patients with mental illness were less likely to receive surgery with or without adjuvant therapy (odds ratio [OR] = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.34–0.65; P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, oral cancer patients with mental illness carried a 1.58-times risk of death (95% CI = 1.30–1.93; P<0.001).

Conclusions

Oral cancer patients with mental illness were less likely to undergo surgery with or without adjuvant therapy than those without mental illness. Patients with mental illness have a poor prognosis compared to those without mental illness. To reduce disparities in physical health, public health strategies and welfare policies must continue to focus on this vulnerable group.