Agarol,a new sesquiterpene from Aquilaria agallocha

The isolation of two sesquiterpenes, gmelofuran and agarol, from Aquilaria agallocha is described Gmelofuran has not been previously reported from this genus and the structure of agarol has been elucidated by physical methods and chemical reactions.     

A chlorinated coumarinolignan from the African medicinal plant, Mondia whitei

The unusual chlorinated coumarinolignan, 5-chloropropacin, along with several other known compounds have been isolated from the roots of Mondia whitei. The structure of the chlorinated coumarinolignan was determined by NMR and mass spectroscopic analyses.     

A novel neolignan glycoside from Aquilaria sinensis

Phytochemical investigation of Aquilaria sinensis afforded one novel neolignan glycoside (1) and fourteen known compounds (2–15). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Among them, compounds 1–3, 5 and 7–9 were obtained from the genus Aquilaria for the first time. The profile of chromone glycosides and iriflophenone glycosides may have chemotaxonomic significance within this genus.     

印度沉香的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称印度沉香(Aquilaria agallocha). 2材料类别种子长成的无菌苗的顶芽. 3培养条件 (1)种子萌发培养基:1/2MS;(2)丛生芽诱导培养基:MS 6-BA 0.1 mg·L-1(单位下同);(3)芽伸长培养基:MS 6-BA 0.05;(4)生根培养基:1/2MS.上述培养基均附加3%蔗糖、0.8%琼脂,pH 5.8.培养温度为(26±1)℃,光照12h·d-1,光照度2 000 lx.     

(+)-Arctigenin,a lignan from Wikstroemia indica

A new lignan, (+)-aretigenin has been isolated from the roots of Wikstroemia indica (Nan-Ling-Jao-Hua) and identified as 8(R) 8′(S)-4′-hydroxy-3, 4,3′-trimethoxylignan-olid (9, 9′) on the basis of spectral evidence as well as a direct comparison with its enantiomer, (?)-arctigenin.     

沉香叶解剖结构的研究

通过石蜡切片法,光学显微镜观察,研究了沉香叶的解剖结构。结果表明,沉香叶为典型的异面叶,但具有许多旱生特征。表皮由一层排列紧密的形状不规则的表皮细胞组成,细胞外壁角质膜较厚,上表皮角质膜较下表皮的厚3.48μm,下表皮上零星分布着单细胞表皮毛,气孔类型为无规则型,仅分布在下表皮上,微下陷;叶肉组织发达,其间分布着较多的长方晶体,其长轴与表皮垂直;栅栏组织由1～2层圆柱形细胞组成,其外层细胞转化为异细胞,栅栏组织∶海面组织为1∶3.5,下表皮内具有1～2层由异细胞组成的下皮层;主脉发达,有异细胞组成的维管束鞘,具内生韧皮部;叶内具有发达的木质部外纤维。以上特征反映出植物结构与环境的统一性。     

Edgeworthin,a new bis-coumarin from Edgeworthia gardneri

Besides daphnoretin and edgeworthin, a new bis-coumarin, was isolated from the stem-bark of Edgeworthia gardneri. Spectral and chemical evidence led to a structure in which two coumarin units are linked by an oxygen bridge between carbons 3 and 7′.     

Wikstrosin,a tricoumarin from Wikstroemia viridiflora

In the polar fraction of the extract from Wikstroemia viridiflora, daphnoretin and a new coumarin, wikstrosin, were identified. Wikstrosin has been characterised by chemical and spectral methods as a tricoumarin, a new class not reported hitherto in nature.     

Seco diterpenoids from Excoecaria agallocha L

Chemical examination of the ethyl acetate solubles of the CH(3)OH:CH(2)Cl(2) (1:1) extract of the roots of Excoecaria agallocha L. collected from Godavary estuary resulted in the isolation of three more new diterpenoids, agallochins M-O (1-3). The structures of the new diterpenoids were elucidated by a study of their physical and spectral data as methyl ent-13-epi-8,13-epoxy-4,6alpha-dihydroxy-3,4-secolabd-14-en-3-oate (1), methyl ent-13-epi-8,13-epoxy-2,3-secolabd-14-en-2,11-olid-3-oate (2), and methyl ent-17-hydroxy-3,4-secokaura-4(19),15-dien-3-oate (3).     

Antennal and behavioural responses of Heortia vitessoides females to host plant volatiles of Aquilaria sinensis

This study investigated volatiles from Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg (Thymelaeaceae) leaves that attracted Heortia vitessoides Moore (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Volatiles from young and old A. sinensis leaves were identified and quantified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography‐electroantennogram detection. Both wind tunnel bioassays and field tests were conducted to measure the attraction of adults to synthetic blends of volatiles from leaves of different maturations. Consistent electroantennographic activity was obtained for nine and three compounds from headspace collections of young and old A. sinensis leaves, respectively. Qualitative and quantitative differences were found among two odour profiles. In wind tunnel experiments, the fresh young leaves proved to be more attractive to females than old leaves. A nine‐component mixture, including hexanal, limonene, 2‐hexanol, octanal, (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate, (Z)‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol, nonanal, decanal, and 2,6,10‐trimethyl‐dodecane (with a ratio of 2:16:9:4:63:100:13:10:5) from young leaves attracted moths significantly more than the three‐component mixture of nonanal, decanal, and 2,6,10‐trimethyl‐dodecane (with a ratio of 11:14:26) from old leaves. Further subtractive bioassays conducted in the wind tunnel showed that both the complete nine‐component mixture and a subtracted four‐component mixture of hexanal, (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate, nonanal, and decanal (with a ratio of 2:63:13:10) elicited equivalent responses in females. All components in the four‐component blend were essential for optimal attraction. In a field trial using the nine‐ and four‐component blends, more moths were captured using both blends than in traps baited with hexane only. Our study indicates that the odour blends of young leaves play an important role in H. vitessoides host plant recognition. The mechanisms behind host recognition and age‐dependent changes in leaf chemistry are discussed.     

广西荛花属(瑞香科)一新变种——黄药白花荛花

详细描述了广西荛花属一个新变种——黄药白花荛花Wikstroemia trichotoma (Thunb.) Makino var. flavianthera S. Y. Liu。本变种与原变种不同在于侧脉较多,达11对,萼筒非肉质,花药黄色,子房棒状,无毛。     

Seco-labdane type diterpenes from Excoecaria agallocha

Labdane-type diterpenes, called excoecarins S, T1, and T2 were isolated from the resinous wood of Excoecaria agallocha, along with three known compounds, ent-12-oxo-2,3-secobeyer-15-ene-2,3-dioic acid, agallochin H, and ent-15-epoxy-beyerane-3alpha-ol. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, chemical evidence, and X-ray analysis.     

藏东瑞香茎叶化学成分的研究

运用各种色谱分离方法对藏东瑞香（Daphne bholua）地上部分的乙醇提取物进行分离纯化,从中分离得到12个化合物。通过波谱学数据并与已知化合物数据作比较,它们分别鉴定为：木犀草素（1）、芫花素（2）、芫花素5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（3）、3＇-羟基-芫花素（4）、3＇-甲氧基．芫花素（5）、异新狼毒素（6）、Genkwanol B（7）、Oleo-daphnone（8）、阿魏醛（9）、香草醛（10）、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯（n）移谷甾醇（12）。所有这些化合物都为从该植物中首次分离鉴定。     

Daphne thanguensis sp. nov. (Thymelaeaceae) from Sikkim Himalaya

Daphne thanguensis sp. nov. from north Sikkim of eastern Himalaya is described and illustrated. It is a narrow endemic related to D. tangutica Maxim. Daphne thanguensis grows in open alpine pastures and differs from D. tangutica by having leaves with revolute margin and a tuft of hairs at apex, ebracteate inflorescence and flowers, calyx lobes with a tuft of hairs at apex and annular, slightly undulate hypogynal disk. The new taxon is also close to D. retusa Hemsl. But can easily be differentiated by its sessile inflorescence, ebracteate flowers and tuft of hairs at leaf apices and calyx lobe apices. A conservation status of the new species in accordance with the IUCN red list categories and criteria is provided and discussed.     

Flavone 5-O-glucosides from Daphne sericea

The aerial parts of Daphne sericea yielded two new flavonoids, luteolin 7-methyl ether 5-β-d-glucoside and luteolin 7,3′-dimethyl ether 5-β-d-glucoside, as well as luteolin 7-methyl ether, isovitexin, apigenin and its 7-β-d-glucoside.     

Skin irritant diterpene orthoesters of the daphnane type from Peddiea africana and P. Volkensii

From roots of Peddiea volkensii (Thymelaeaceae) the irritant factors V₁ and V₂ and from roots of P. africana the irritant factor A₁ were isolated. Their structures are the 9,13,14-ortho-(2,4,6-decatrienoates) of 5β-hydroxyresiniferonol-6α,7α-oxide (V₁) and of 5β,12β-dihydroxyresiniferonol-6α,7α-oxide (A₁) and the 12-O-acetate of the latter (V₂). Factors V₁ and V₂ do not exhibit tumour-promoting activity in the standard initiation-promotion protocol on mouse skin, although V₁ is a moderate irritant.