哺乳动物细胞去核产物(胞质体及核体)的结构与功能研究

1967年Carter发现细胞松弛素可以诱发组织培养细胞的自发排核之后,Prescott(1972)借助细胞松弛素存在下的离心处理,使这一排核现象普遍化,从而确立了体外细胞去核的标准方法。经过不断改进(croce et al., 1974;Veomett et al., 1976;Lucas etal., 1976;Wigler et al., 1975),现在,这一技术已广泛应用于细胞学研究的各个重要领域(Mc Burney et al., 1979;Goldman et al., 1974;du Bols et al., 1980)。细胞去核技术及其应用的研究在我国已有初步开展(陈瑞铭等,1979;沈鼎武等,1980)。本实验对二种上皮型传代细胞系进行了去核手术,用扫描电镜和透射电镜对所获得的胞质体     

云南、贵州24种果蝇的核型研究

随着细胞遗传学的发展和染色体研究技术的改进,许多作者(Lin et al.,1974;Singh et al.,1979;Baimai,1980)应用染色体的显微照片对果蝇自然种组的有丝分裂中期染色体数目、形态等进行较细致的分析比较,使细胞遗传学分析对系统分类和物种形成赋予新的意义。     

马(Equus caballus)外周血淋巴细胞染色体的三种带型(G带、C带和Ag-NOR_s带)

马驴骡的细胞遗传学研究已有不少报道(Hsu et a1.,1967;Benirschke et al.,1964;Benirschke et al.,1964;Benirschke et al.,1965;Short,1974)。70年代初,用人类染色体显带技术,有学者(Ryder,1978)从进化角度探讨马科种属的起源、进化和杂种不育等问题。在国内除了我们报道了马、驴和他们的杂种马骡和驴骡的核型外(李胜利等,1982),至今尚未见有关于马科动物的细胞遗传学研究报道。本文的目的就马(Equus caballus)染色体的三种带型作初步的介绍,以促进马科动物核型、染色体带型、杂种不育以及进化等方面的细胞遗传学的研究。     

论柔毛山核桃机械抗虫机制和两种核桃象(虫甲)的自然选择

胡桃科植物含有数种化学物质,如胡桃酮(Juglone)(Brooks,1922;Massey,1925;Davis,1928;Bode,1958;Shen,1974),皂草甙(Saponin)(Handley,1961;Applebaum,1964;Applebaum et al.,1965;Hutchins,1966;Whittaker and Fee-ny,1971)和鞣酸(Tannin)(Nierenstein,1934;Wilkins et al.,1953;Pridham,1960;Dollahite et al.,1962;Kingsbury,1964;Vohra et al.,1966;Feeny,1968、     

Armed T cells with CAR for cancer immunotherapy

正The development of genetic engineering has enabled the modification of stem cells and somatic cells.T cells exert immune responses against cancer cells.Efforts to redirect T cell specificity of a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)to a desired antigen began in the 1990s(Gross et al.,1989;Kuwana et al.,1987).In 2006,the first clinical trial using carbonic anhydrase IX CAR-T cells to fight renal cancer was conducted(Lamers et al.,2006).Until 2011,Porter et al.exploited CD19 CAR-T to treat refractory/relapsed chronic lymphoid leukemia(Porter et al.,2011).Subsequently,trials     

大鳞副泥鳅雄核单倍体的早期发育

目前,有关鱼类雄核发育的研究已见于川鲽(Platichthys flesus)、马苏大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus masou)、虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)、红点溪鳟(Salvelinus fontinalis)、鲤鱼(Cyprnus carpio)、尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)、泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)、斑马鱼(Danio rerio)等(Purdom,1969;Arai et al., 1979; Scheerer et al., 1991; May et al., 1988; Bongers et al., 1994;Grunina et al., 1990; Meyers, 1995; Masaoka et al., 1995; 赵振山等,1998;Corley-Smith et al., 1996).     

论Mufushania三叶虫分类

通过对我国己经正式发表的Mufushania三叶虫的18个种模式标本的头盖特征进行Q型聚类分析,并结合传统定性分析后,提出其中Mufushania shalangensis Zhang and Zhou inZhang et al.,1980,M.angustilimbata Zhang and Zhou inZhang et al.,1980,和M.kailiensis(Yuan in Yuan et al.,2002)(=Elrathiella kailiensis Zhou in Lu et al.,1974)等3种应从Mufushania属中删除,对余下15个种,通过修订,转移和归并为2个种:M.nankingensis Lin,1965和M.bella(Yuan in Yuan et al.,2002)。本文将对研究我国寒武纪第二世晚期褶颊虫类三叶虫系统演化、生物地理分区以及华北与华南生物地层划分和对比,提供重要依据。     

核体合成自身DNA与病毒DNA的能力

近年来,用松胞素B(简称CB)诱导细胞去核的技术已被许多学者应用于细胞内大分子代谢及其调控过程的核质关系研究中(Colonne et al.,1980;Premveer et al.,1980;White et al., 1982)。我们在对CB诱导的去核产物的研究基础上(何大澄等1982),对核体内RNA的合成进行了研究,表明核体合成RNA的能力与核体贴壁和所带质膜的完整性以及胞质量多少有关(戎宪辉等1984)。此外,我们还研究了两种小RNA病毒和痘病毒的核酸在胞质体内的复制,证明它们的复制可以不依赖细胞核     

山地麻蜥继饥饿后的补偿生长

动物继饥饿后一段时间后恢复喂食,在恢复生长阶段中常出现高于正常生长速度的补偿生长现象.有关脊椎动物补偿增长的研究主要集中在畜禽类、哺乳类和鱼类(Wilson et al.,1960;Plavnik et al.,1985;Drew et al.,1975;Pitts,1986;Kim et al.,1995),并且已在一些经济动物的饲养中利用补偿增长效应而提高经济效益.爬行动物是否存在补偿生长的现象迄今不明.本研究以山地麻蜥(Eremias breuchleyi)作为实验对象,研究其继饥饿后的补偿生长,预期为揭示爬行动物饥饿胁迫条件下的生长对策提供基础资料.     

Breeding cotton with superior fiber quality: identification and utilization of multiple elite loci and exotic genetic resources

正In the last decade, cotton genomics had great progress in genome assembling(Li et al., 2015; Huang et al., 2020) and agriculturally important locus identification(Du et al., 2018;Ma et al., 2018; Li et al., 2021).Upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the most important cash crops cultivated worldwide. The fiber quality of cotton directly determines its economic value, and therefore enhancing fiber quality is always the primary task in cotton breeding practices(Xia et al., 2019; Huang et al.,2021).     

Persisting lung pathogenesis and minimum residual virus in hamster after acute COVID-19

Dear Editor,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has infected more than 200 million people,causing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)worldwide.Lungs are the primary target organ of SARS-CoV-2 infection.The mild COVID-19 cases develop symptoms of fever,fatigue,muscle weakness,chest pain,headache and cough(Chen et al.,2020;Wang et al.,2020;Zhu et al.,2020),while severe COIVD-19 cases might have pneumonia,breathing difficulties,multiple organ failure and death(Chen et al.,2020;Wang et al.,2020;Zhu et al.,2020).Both the clinicians and researchers have largely focused on the acute phase of COVID-19,but the long-term health consequences of the COVID-19 patients after clinical recovery remain less investigated.Several clinical cohorts demonstrated that some patients discharged from hospital still experience symptoms including fatigue,muscle weakness,chest pain,cough and breathing difficulties(Carfi et al.,2020;Lim et al.,2020;Huang et al.,2021).Moreover,severely impaired pulmonary diffusion capacities and abnormal chest imaging manifestations were observed in some convalescent patients(Huang et al.,2021).Surprisingly,residual virus(An et al.,2020;Yao et al.,2020;Kim et al.,2021)were detected in some convalescent patients.     

圈养金钱豹尿液中的挥发性成分分析

<正>哺乳动物的尿液挥发性成分被认为是同哺乳动物信息激素一样重要的物质,迄今报道的野生动物尿液挥发性成分研究的有狮(Panthera leo)(Andersen and Vulpius,1999)、山猫(Lynx rufus)(Mattina et al.,1991)、土狼(Canis lupus)(Raymer et al.,1986)、郊狼(Canis latrans)(Schultz,1988)、红狐(Vulpes vulpe)(Jorgensen et al.,1978)以及鼬科物种(Zhang et al.,2005)。Robert和Joseph(1991)利用山猫和土狼尿液气味抑制白尾鹿(Odocoileus leucurus)对日本     

准噶尔盆地荒漠区赤狐的食性分析

<正>赤狐(Vulpes vulpes)隶属于哺乳纲、食肉目、犬科、狐属,广泛分布于欧亚大陆、非洲北部和北美大陆,在我国也广布各地(高耀亭等,1987;马世来等,2001)。国内外有关赤狐的研究主要集中在洞穴结构(Nakazono and Ono,1987;贾竞波和萧前柱,1990;贾竞波等,1991;贾竞波和马建章,1992;周文扬和魏万红,1995;张洪海等,1999)和巢域选择等方面(Nakazono and Ono,1987;周文扬和魏万红,1995;张洪海等,1999;Frey and Conover,2006;Keith et al.,2007),而针对赤狐食性的研究主要集中在森林草原或苔原环境,如瑞典(Elmhagen et al.,2002)、立陶宛(Laima,2002)及匈牙利(Lanszki et al.,2006,2007)等。     

贵州剑河八郎寒武系甲劳组三叶虫的研究

近期在贵州剑河八郎地区寒武系甲劳组发现了具软躯体的多门类化石,其中三叶虫最为丰富,计有6属7种,包括Fuchouia(Parafuchouia)transversa Lu et Qian in Zhang et al.,1980,Fuchouia(Parafuchouia)limbata Zhou in Lu et al.,1974a,Oryctocephalus sp.,Kooteniasp.及Jialaopsis latus Chien et Zhou in Lu et al.,1974a,Solenopleurinacf.xingrenensis Zhou(Chow)in Lu et al.,1974b和Probowmania(?)sp.,分属耸棒头虫目和褶颊虫目,以耸棒头虫目Fuchouia(Parafuchouia)为主。Oryctocephalus和Probowmania在寒武系甲劳组尚属首次报道,Probowmania在剑河八郎甲劳组中的报道是目前该属在贵州地区的最高层位。同时也确认了黔东南地区甲劳组的Fuchouia(Parafuchouia)三叶虫带为该地区寒武系最高三叶虫带,为国内外寒武系三叶虫同期地层划分及对比提供了材料。研究不仅丰富了丹寨-剑河寒武系甲劳组三叶虫组合,而且为研究Probowmania和Oryctocephalus的演化起到重要作用。     

A modified high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR method for amplifying long unknown flanking sequences

<正>Rapid and efficient isolation of unknown flanking DNA sequences adjacent to known regions is important for molecular biology research.For this purpose,several PCR-based methods have been reported,including inverse PCR(Uchiyama and Watanabe,2006),ligation-mediated PCR(Yan et al.,2003;Ballester et al.,2005;Wang et al.,2007;Trinh et al.,2012)and randomly primed PCR(Liu and Whittier,1995;Liu et al.,1995;Antal et al."2004;Liu and Chen,2007;Reddy et al.,2008;Wang     

DNA条形码在生物多样性编目与评价中的应用

<正>DNA条形码是基于基因组中一段或几段短的、通用的标准DNA序列对生物物种进行识别和鉴定的技术(Hebert et al.,2003;Kress et al.,2005;Hollingsworth et al.,2011)。该技术突破了对经验的过度依赖,可实现标本鉴定过程的自动化和标准化,而且能对生物残片而非完整的生物标本进行鉴定,是传统分类学与物种鉴定的有力补充(罗亚皇等,2013)。随着DNA条形码技术十多年来的不断发展,     

SOCS-3 contributes to bisphenol a exposure-induced insulin resistance in hepatocytes

<正>Dear Editor,Bisphenol A (BPA), a common and widely used monomer in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resin,(Healy et al., 2015; De Filippis et al., 2018) has been defined as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) associated with the etiology of insulin resistance (IR)(Gioiosa et al., 2015;Wei et al., 2017) and metabolic disorders (Padmanabhan et al., 2010; Fang et al., 2015; Balistrieri et al., 2018). However,     

Interspecies embryo transfer between rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys

正Nonhuman primates (NHPs) present significant advantages over rodents for physiological and pharmacological investigations because of their higher genetic and physiological similarity to humans. Both rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) monkeys are considered ideal animal models in biomedical research (Phillips et al., 2014), especially in modeling normal development and diseases in the nervous system (Izpisua Belmonte et al., 2015; Ng et al., 2015; Niu et al., 2015; Poo et al.,     

Interaction between Bms1 and Rcl1,two ribosome biogenesis factors,is evolutionally conserved in zebrafish and human

正Ribosomes are large RNA and protein complexes that function as the machinery for translation protein synthesis(Boisvert et al.,2007;Ben-Shem et al.,2011;Henras et al.,2015;Khatter et al.,2015;McCann et al.,2015).The eukaryotic ribosome is composed of two subunits,the 60S large subunit(LSU)and the 40S small subunit(SSU),which collectively comprise of four different ribosomal RNA(rRNA)species and more than 70 proteins(Ben-Shem et al.,2011;Henras et al.,2015;Khatter et al.,2015).The LSU contains     

神农架川金丝猴粪便和尿液中类固醇激素的检测

灵长类动物类固醇激素的研究已经在很多物种间展开(Cariso et al.,1999;Lutz et al.,2000;He et al.,2001;Yan and Jiang,2006;Brandon et al.,2008;Lu et al.,2010;Kim et al.,2012)。特别是对于没有明显发情特征的灵长类动物,类固醇激素的变化可以为它们的繁殖状态提供更多可靠的评估(Fujita et al.,2001)。自然状态下野生动