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Miriam Reverter Marie-Aude Tribalat Thierry Pérez Olivier P. Thomas 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(9):114
Introduction
The study of natural variation of metabolites brings valuable information on the physiological state of the organisms as well as their phenotypic traits. In marine organisms, metabolome variability has mostly been addressed through targeted studies on metabolites of ecological or pharmaceutical interest. However, comparative metabolomics has demonstrated its potential to address the overall and complex metabolic variability of organisms.Objectives
In this study, the intraspecific (temporal and spatial) variability of two Mediterranean Haliclona sponges (H. fulva and H. mucosa) was investigated through an untargeted and then targeted metabolomics approach and further compared to their interspecific variability.Methods
Samples of both species were collected monthly during 1 year in the coralligenous habitat of the Northwestern Mediterranean sae at Marseille and Nice. Their metabolomic profiles were obtained by UHPLC-QqToF analyses.Results
Marked variations were noticed in April and May for both species including a decrease in Shannon’s diversity and concentration in specialized metabolites together with an increase in fatty acids and lyso-PAF like molecules. Spatial variations across different sampling sites could also be observed for both species, however in a lesser extent.Conclusions
Synchronous metabolic changes possibly triggered by physiological factors like reproduction and/or environmental factors like an increase in the water temperature were highlighted for both Mediterranean Haliclona species inhabiting close habitats but displaying different biosynthetic pathways. Despite significative intraspecific variations, metabolomic variability remains minor when compared to interspecific variations for these congenerous species, therefore suggesting the predominance of genetic information of the holobiont in the observed metabolome.3.
Korey J. Brownstein Mahmoud Gargouri William R. Folk David R. Gang 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(11):133
Introduction
Botanicals containing iridoid and phenylethanoid/phenylpropanoid glycosides are used worldwide for the treatment of inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions that are primary causes of human years lived with disability, such as arthritis and lower back pain.Objectives
We report the analysis of candidate anti-inflammatory metabolites of several endemic Scrophularia species and Verbascum thapsus used medicinally by peoples of North America.Methods
Leaves, stems, and roots were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was performed in MetaboAnalyst 3.0 after processing the datasets in Progenesis QI.Results
Comparison of the datasets revealed significant and differential accumulation of iridoid and phenylethanoid/phenylpropanoid glycosides in the tissues of the endemic Scrophularia species and Verbascum thapsus.Conclusions
Our investigation identified several species of pharmacological interest as good sources for harpagoside and other important anti-inflammatory metabolites.4.
Thijs Welle Anna T. Hoekstra Ineke A. J. J. M. Daemen Celia R. Berkers Matheus O. Costa 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(7):83
Introduction
Swine dysentery caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is a production limiting disease in pig farming. Currently antimicrobial therapy is the only treatment and control method available.Objective
The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolic response of porcine colon explants to infection by B. hyodysenteriae.Methods
Porcine colon explants exposed to B. hyodysenteriae were analyzed for histopathological, metabolic and pro-inflammatory gene expression changes.Results
Significant epithelial necrosis, increased levels of l-citrulline and IL-1α were observed on explants infected with B. hyodysenteriae.Conclusions
The spirochete induces necrosis in vitro likely through an inflammatory process mediated by IL-1α and NO.5.
Nicholas J. Bond Albert Koulman Julian L. Griffin Zoe Hall 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(11):128
Introduction
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) experiments result in complex multi-dimensional datasets, which require specialist data analysis tools.Objectives
We have developed massPix—an R package for analysing and interpreting data from MSI of lipids in tissue.Methods
massPix produces single ion images, performs multivariate statistics and provides putative lipid annotations based on accurate mass matching against generated lipid libraries.Results
Classification of tissue regions with high spectral similarly can be carried out by principal components analysis (PCA) or k-means clustering.Conclusion
massPix is an open-source tool for the analysis and statistical interpretation of MSI data, and is particularly useful for lipidomics applications.6.
F. Cheikhrouhou R. Guidara A. Masmoudi H. Trabelsi S. Neji H. Sellami F. Makni A. Ayadi 《Mycopathologia》2017,182(5-6):583-589
Aim
Malassezia folliculitis is caused by the invasion of hair follicles by large numbers of Malassezia cells. Several Malassezia researches still use cultures, morphology and biochemical techniques. The aim of this study was to identify Malassezia species isolated from patients diagnosed with folliculitis, at the Parasitology and Mycology Laboratory of Sfax University Hospital, and to explore the genetic diversity of Malassezia by using PCR-RFLP and PCR-sequencing targeting the rDNA region of the Malassezia genome.Patients and Methods
Specimens were taken from 27 patients with Malassezia folliculitis. For the molecular identification, PCR amplification of the 26S rDNAD1/D2 region was carried out using the Malup and Maldown primers and three restriction enzymes (BanI, MspI and HeaII) for RFLP analysis. The nucleotide sequences of each isolate were compared to those in the NCBI GenBank by using BLASTIN algorithm.Results
Three species of Malassezia yeasts were identified among the 31 Malassezia strains isolated: M. globosa (83.9%), M. sympodialis (12. 9%) and M. furfur (3.2%). The sequence analysis of M. globosa showed six genotypes.Conclusion
There is a high genotypic variability of M. globosa colonizing patients with folliculitis.7.
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Xiaoxiao Liu Mollie Enright Cornelius S. Barry A. Daniel Jones 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(7):85
Introduction
Acylsugar specialized metabolites function as defenses against insect herbivores, and are the most abundant specialized metabolites produced in Solanaceous trichomes. Metabolite profiling provides the foundation for determining the genetic basis of specialized metabolism and its evolution.Objectives
To profile and identify acylsugar specialized metabolites in three Petunia species: P. axillaris, P. integrifolia and P. exserta.Methods
Metabolites were profiled using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/TOF MS). Metabolites were purified using solid phase extraction and HPLC, and structures were established using NMR spectroscopy.Results
Twenty-eight distinct acylsucrose formulas, representing a sampling of more than 100 different detected chemical forms, were purified from three Petunia species and structures have been proposed based on one- and two-dimensional NMR data. 15 of the 28 purified acylsugars were sucrose pentaesters that possess a malonyl group on the fructose ring. These malonate esters can be readily distinguished from other acylsugars based on distinct masses of pseudomolecular ions and fragment ions generated using multiplexed collision-induced dissociation. Chemical diversity of acylsugars was observed between Petunia species, particularly with respect to the lengths of acyl chains and specific acylation positions.Conclusions
These findings suggest substrate selectivity of various acyltransferases in Petunia species.9.
Zhengling Liu Zengyan Wang Changhong Hao Yonghui Tian Jingjing Fu 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2018,16(1):120
Background
Whether adiponectin (ADIPOQ) polymorphisms are associated with the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remain controversial. Therefore, we performed this study to better explore correlations between ADIPOQ polymorphisms and PCOS risk.Methods
Literature retrieve was conducted in PubMed, Medline and Embase. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.Results
Eighteen studies were enrolled for analyses. Pooled overall analyses showed that rs1501299 polymorphism was significantly associated with PCOS risk (recessive model: p?=?0.02, OR?=?0.77, 95%CI 0.62–0.95; allele model: p?=?0.001, OR?=?1.15, 95%CI 1.06–1.26). Further subgroup analyses according to ethnicity of participants revealed that rs1501299 and rs2241766 polymorphisms were both significantly correlated with PCOS risk in Caucasians. In addition, rs1501299 polymorphism was also significantly correlated with PCOS risk in East Asians.Conclusions
Our findings indicated that rs1501299 and rs2241766 polymorphisms might serve as genetic biomarkers of PCOS in certain ethnicities.10.
Gianfranco Picone Francesco Savorani Alessia Trimigno Bruno Mezzetti Francesco Capozzi Søren Balling Engelsen 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(10):150
Introduction
The Deficiens Homologue 9-iaaM (DefH9-iaaM) gene is an ovule-specific auxin-synthesizing gene which is expressed specifically in placenta/ovules and promotes auxin-synthesis. It was introduced into the genome of two grape cultivars Thompson Seedless and Silcora and both transgenic cultivars had an increased number of berries per bunch.Objectives
This study investigates the down-stream metabolic changes of Silcora and Thompson seedless grape cultivars when genetically modified through the insertion of the DefH9-iaaM gene into their genome.Methods
The effects of the genetic modification upon the grape metabolome were evaluated through 1H-NMR and exploratory data analysis. Chemometric tools such as Interval Partial Least Squares regression and metabolite heatmaps were employed for scrutinizing the changes in the transgenic metabolome as compared to the wild type one.Results
The results show that the pleiotropic effect on the grape metabolome as a function of the gene modifications is relatively low, although the insertion of the transgene caused a decrement in malic acid and proline and an increment in p-coumaric acid content. In addition, the concentration of malic acid was successfully correlated with the number of inserted copies of transgene in the Silcora cultivar, proving that the increased production of berries, promoted by the inserted gene, is achieved at the expense of a decrement in malic acid concentration.Conclusion
NMR together with chemometrics is able to identify specific metabolites that were up- or down regulated in the genetically engineered plants allowing highlighting alterations in the down-stream metabolic pathways due to the up-stream genetic modifications.11.
Ying-ge Wang Jin-mei Cheng Hai-bo Ding Xi Lin Guo-hao Chen Mei Zhou Sheng-nan Ye 《Mycopathologia》2018,183(3):551-558
Objective
To improve the diagnosis and treatment of Penicilliosis marneffei without human immunodeficiency virus infection.Methods
Analyze and review the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of six cases of P. marneffei without human immunodeficiency virus infection at The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University.Results
Two cases were diagnosed in the ENT Department, three cases in the respiratory department and one case in the dermatological department. Penicillium marneffei infection was confirmed by sputum culture, blood culture and tissue biopsy. After definite diagnosis, one refused further treatment, and others showed significant improvement.Conclusion
Penicilliosis marneffei is insidious onset and easy to be escaped and misdiagnosed. To achieve early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, doubtful cases should be alerted for the diagnoses as P. marneffei.12.
Gbekeloluwa B. Oguntimein Miguel RodriguezJr. Alexandru Dumitrache Todd Shollenberger Stephen R. Decker Brian H. Davison Steven D. Brown 《Biotechnology letters》2018,40(2):303-308
Objective
To develop and prototype a high-throughput microplate assay to assess anaerobic microorganisms and lignocellulosic biomasses in a rapid, cost-effective screen for consolidated bioprocessing potential.Results
Clostridium thermocellum parent Δhpt strain deconstructed Avicel to cellobiose, glucose, and generated lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid and ethanol as fermentation products in titers and ratios similar to larger scale fermentations confirming the suitability of a plate-based method for C. thermocellum growth studies. C. thermocellum strain LL1210, with gene deletions in the key central metabolic pathways, produced higher ethanol titers in the Consolidated Bioprocessing (CBP) plate assay for both Avicel and switchgrass fermentations when compared to the Δhpt strain.Conclusion
A prototype microplate assay system is developed that will facilitate high-throughput bioprospecting for new lignocellulosic biomass types, genetic variants and new microbial strains for bioethanol production.13.
Objective
To construct a promoter probe vector, pBE-bgaB, to screen strong promoters from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.Results
266 colonies containing active promoter elements from the genomic DNA of B. amyloliquefaciens were identified. Among these, promoter P41 exhibited the strongest β-Gal activity in Escherichia coli and B. amyloliquefaciens. Sequence analysis showed that promoter P41 contained P ykuN , a ykuN gene encoding flavodoxin. Optimization of the ribosome-binding site from P41 to P382 improved β-Gal activity by ~ 200%.Conclusion
A new strong promoter for protein expression and genetic engineering of Bacillus species.14.
Zexi Cai Trine Michelle Villumsen Torben Asp Bernt Guldbrandtsen Goutam Sahana Mogens Sandø Lund 《BMC genetics》2018,19(1):103
Background
Identification of genes underlying production traits is a key aim of the mink research community. Recent availability of genomic tools have opened the possibility for faster genetic progress in mink breeding. Availability of mink genome assembly allows genome-wide association studies in mink.Results
In this study, we used genotyping-by-sequencing to obtain single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes of 2496 mink. After multiple rounds of filtering, we retained 28,336 high quality SNPs and 2352 individuals for a genome-wide association study (GWAS). We performed the first GWAS for body weight, behavior, along with 10 traits related to fur quality in mink.Conclusions
Combining association results with existing functional information of genes and mammalian phenotype databases, we proposed WWC3, MAP2K4, SLC7A1 and USP22 as candidate genes for body weight and pelt length in mink.15.
Yanping Zhou Wiktor Lisowski Yan Zhou Ng Wun Jern Kama Huang Eileen Fong 《Biotechnology letters》2017,39(10):1509-1514
Objectives
To improve its phosphate accumulating abilities for phosphate recycling from wastewater, a magnetotactic bacterium, Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense, was genetically modified to over-express polyphosphate kinase.Results
Polyphosphate kinase was over-expressed in the bacterium. The recombinant strain accumulated ninefold more polyphosphate from synthetic wastewater compared to original wild type. The magnetic property of the recombinant M. gryphiswaldense strain was retained.Conclusions
The recombinant M. gryphiswaldense can be used for phosphate removal and recovery in bioremediation.16.
Margarita Stritzler Ana Diez Tissera Gabriela Soto Nicolás Ayub 《Biotechnology letters》2018,40(9-10):1419-1423
Objectives
Identification of novel microbial factors contributing to plant protection against abiotic stress.Results
The genome of plant growth-promoting bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens FR1 contains a short mobile element encoding a novel type of extracellular polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) polymerase (PhbC) associated with a type I secretion system. Genetic analysis using a phbC mutant strain and plants showed that this novel extracellular enzyme is related to the PHB production in planta and suggests that PHB could be a beneficial microbial compound synthesized during plant adaptation to cold stress.Conclusion
Extracellular PhbC can be used as a new tool for improve crop production under abiotic stress.17.
Yibin Zhuang Jingjie Jiang Huiping Bi Hua Yin Shaowei Liu Tao Liu 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(4):619-627
Objectives
To produce rosmarinic acid analogues in the recombinant Escherichia coli BLRA1, harboring a 4-coumarate: CoA ligase from Arabidopsis thaliana (At4CL) and a rosmarinic acid synthase from Coleus blumei (CbRAS).Results
Incubation of the recombinant E. coli strain BLRA1 with exogenously supplied phenyllactic acid (PL) and analogues as acceptor substrates, and coumaric acid and analogues as donor substrates led to production of 18 compounds, including 13 unnatural RA analogues.Conclusion
This work demonstrates the viability of synthesizing a broad range of rosmarinic acid analogues in E. coli, and sheds new light on the substrate specificity of CbRAS.18.
Marie GB Hansen Mette Christoffersen Line R Thuesen Morten R Petersen Anders M Bojesen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2010,52(1):3
Background
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are able to infect horses. However, the extend to which Danish horses are infected and seroconvert due to these two bacteria is unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of B. burgdorferi sensu lato and A. phagocytophilum in Danish horses.Methods
A total of 390 blood samples collected from all major regions of Denmark and with a geographical distribution corresponding to the density of the Danish horse population were analyzed. All samples were examined for the presence of antibodies against B. burgdorferi sensu lato and A. phagocytophilum by the use of the SNAP®4DX ® ELISA test.Results
Overall, 29.0% of the horses were seropositive for B. burgdorferi sensu lato whereas 22.3% were seropositive for A. phagocytophilum.Conclusions
Antibodies against B burgdorferi sensu lato and A. phagocytophilum are commonly found among Danish horses thus showing that Danish horses are frequently infected by these organisms.19.
Objectives
To develop a versatile Trichoderma reesei (teleomorph Hypocrea jecorina) expression system for the high-purity production of heterologous proteins.Results
The versatile T. reesei expression system is based on xyn1 and xyn2 promoters, A824V transition in XYRI, and a bicomponent carbon source strategy. Red fluorescent protein gene rfp and alkaline endoglucanase EGV gene egv3 from Humicola insolens were used as reporter genes to test our versatile expression systemConclusions
The versatile T. reesei expression system can be applied to produce heterologous proteins with high purity and high yield.20.
Chih-Yueh Liu Chang-Ching Weng Chih-Hsiang Lin Chiou-Ying Yang Kwok-Kong Tony Mong Yaw-Kuen Li 《Biotechnology letters》2017,39(3):407-413