骨组织中细胞的受力分析

基于骨陷窝中组织液和细胞具有的不可压缩性,以及组织液通过骨小管在骨陷窝裼 流动,得到了细胞所受压力的新的表达式。对该表达式的讨论结果表明它能够描述细胞的主要力学特性,例如：松弛和滞后效应。并根据眩表达式,求得细胞的松弛时间为２．４ｍｓ,与Ｃｏｗｉｎ等人估计值（４．９ｍｓ）接近。而在阶跃载荷下细胞所受最大压力为外力的一半,高于Ｃｏｗｉｎ等人的估计值（１２％）。     

离子平衡及其相关信号传导在细胞耐盐中的作用

盐胁迫所造成的毒害作用皆源自细胞中水平衡和离子平衡的破坏,因此可以推断对耐盐起关键作用的基因能恢复细胞内水和离子平衡。鉴于调渗物质的积累对提高细胞耐盐性所起作用有很大差异,其中一些在某些情况下甚至与耐盐无关,本文集中讨论与恢复细胞内离子平衡相关的基因调控及其信号级联系统。盐胁迫时,这些基因产物在相关信号级联系统的协调下,通过有效地降低细胞内Ｎａ＾＋的浓度,增加Ｋ＾＋的吸收,恢复Ｎａ＾＋／Ｋ＾＋比,     

人体电磁兼容系统与电磁场处理水--Ⅲ.电磁水对人体电磁场的作用

《人体电磁兼容系统与电磁场处理水》一文分三篇写。第一篇“Ⅰ.人体电磁兼容系统”,讨论了人体体内电磁场;第二篇“Ⅱ·电磁水的特性”,讨论了电磁水的电磁场。二文均已发表于《生物磁学》。本文是第三篇,讨论电磁水电磁场对人体电磁场的作用,重点阐明饮用电磁水后,主要是电磁水的电磁场作为入射场与体内场发生迭加作用,产生耦合电磁场,从而实现其对体内场的调节作用,达到维系身体健康的目的。由于有关水的问题非常复杂,动态性强,故大多数关于耦合场的研究均服从于“统计学规律”。     

极低频电磁场对骨肉瘤细胞的体外生物效应研究

目的:通过研究极低频电磁场对人骨肉瘤细胞系SOSP-9607-F4的细胞增殖、细胞凋亡、细胞周期及侵袭能力的影响,达到筛选最佳极低频电磁场参数的目的。方法:体外培养人骨肉瘤细胞,按不同频率5 Hz、15 Hz、30 Hz、40 Hz、50 Hz,不同磁场强度0.1 m T、1 m T、5 m T、10 m T分组进行干预,每天辐照1次,每次3小时,连续3天,并设立对照组。采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝法(MTT)测定骨肉瘤细胞增殖活性(OD值),并计算肿瘤细胞抑制率,初步筛选出两组最佳的电磁场参数。采用流式细胞技术(Annexin V-FITC和PI双标)检测细胞凋亡情况和细胞周期变化。采用Transwell小室并通过结晶紫染色观察细胞侵袭情况。结果:MTT法检测细胞增殖活性(OD值),将磁场组与对照组进行比较,SPSS 19.0统计软件进行数据分析,结果显示不同磁场干预组组间OD值差异明显,有统计学意义(P0.05),磁场组较对照组OD值低,有统计学意义(P0.05);流式细胞技术(FCM)测定结果显示,两组磁场组间骨肉瘤细胞凋亡比例存在差异,且高于正常组,有明显统计学意义;电磁场组15 Hz,0.1 m T骨肉瘤细胞G1期百分比明显高于对照组和电磁场组50 Hz,1 m T,S期百分比则降低;侵袭实验中穿过小室的细胞数量明显低于后两者。结论:通过筛选得出极低频电磁场15 Hz,0.1 m T对骨肉瘤细胞的增殖具有明显的抑制作用,并可诱导或促使骨肉瘤细胞凋亡,减缓其侵袭能力,但其具体作用机制有待进一步研究。     

镁离子对培养细胞紫外线辐射损伤的防护作用研究

通过观察镁离子对紫外线辐射损伤后细胞活性与光产物产量的影响,以明确镁离子对UVB辐射细胞损伤的防护作用.在实验中,选择成人成纤维细胞(HDF-a)和角质形成细胞(HaCaT)进行细胞培养,筛选小剂量UVB辐射进行诱导性损伤,观察不同浓度镁离子(0.1 mmol/L,0.2 mmol/L,0.4 mmol/L,0.8 mmol/L,1.2 mmol/L)对辐射损伤的细胞活性、基因组断裂情况及光产物产量的影响.研究结果显示,在UVB辐射后,两个细胞系细胞活性显著下降,镁离子培养液孵育的细胞活性均比UVB辐射损伤对照组显著升高,而镁离子孵育后细胞光产物嘧啶二聚体(CPDs)量明显减少.实验研究证实,镁离子对UVB辐射损伤的培养细胞具有防护作用,为UV辐射所致的DNA损伤的修复提供理论基础.     

植物吸收离子动力学综合型模型探讨

本文在前人工作基础上提出了一个离子吸收动力学新模型（综合型抑制作用模型）,并推导出其速率方程．该模型能将现有的离子吸收相互作用模型（竞争性抑制作用模型,反竞争性抑制模型和非竞争性抑制作用模型）统一在该模型之中．笔者用该模型很好地解释了七例有关离子吸收相互作用试验结果．     

发根农杆菌附着植物细胞的离子效应

本文将光学显微镜、电镜技术和附着定量分析方法结合起来,研究了发根农杆菌各菌株附着烟草叶肉原生质体的离子效应。实验结果表明：发根农杆菌不同菌株对共培养基离子强度的敏感性有差异。菌株Ｒ１０００附着植物细胞及其引起民植物细胞的聚集成对离子强度不敏感,而菌株Ａ４和１５８３４则非常敏感;农杆对材料细胞附着的多与其引起植物细胞的聚集程度有关性;共培养基中Ｍｇ＾２＋,Ｍｎ＾２＋等二价阳离子（不包括Ｃａ＾２＋）是     

离子胁迫诱导洋葱鳞茎内表皮细胞凋亡

通过不同浓度离子胁迫诱导剂(NaCl、CaCl2)对洋葱鳞茎内表皮细胞进行不同时间的处理,发现0.1M、0.5M的NaCl和CaCl2处理2小时即可诱导出细胞凋亡现象,随处理时间延长直至10小时,细胞核凋亡的形态学变化和凋亡小体更加明显,基因组DNA降解更加梯状条带化。本实验对离子诱导的洋葱鳞茎内表皮细胞凋亡现象做了较系统的描述,为植物细胞凋亡的研究及细胞凋亡实验教学提供了经济、快捷、有效的诱导方法。     

肿瘤发生的细胞离子动态及其作为抗癌药标的综合效应

大量肿瘤细胞的有关研究表明,H+、Na+、Ca2+等细胞离子的动态对肿瘤发生起着关键作用.然而,单个离子作为代谢基础的作用是多方面的,其涉癌效果很不一致,有时还是相反的.因此,以控制单个离子动态作为抗癌药物的靶标,其效果并不理想.迄今对细胞离子的致癌作用的研究虽然是大量的,但均散见各章,缺少综合考虑.为此,本文简要介绍了上述离子的致癌作用,并探讨了以控制离子动态为药标,设计抗癌药物时应考虑的综合效应,供癌药物学研究者参考.     

钙、镁离子在活化HL-60细胞核酸内切酶中的作用不同

EGTA ,EDTA抑制游离HL- 6 0细胞核中核酸内切酶的活化 .EDTA对游离HL -6 0细胞核中核酸内切酶活性的抑制可被外加Ca ²⁺逆转 ,而EDTA对该酶活性的抑制却不能被外加Mg ²⁺逆转 .用CHELEX 1 0 0去除游离核孵育缓冲液中存在的Ca2 ²⁺,Mg ²⁺后 ,外界Ca2 ²⁺( 1～ 1 0mmol/L)单独可诱导游离HL -6 0细胞核中的核酸内切酶活化 ,且强度一致 ;而外加Mg ²⁺则不能诱导该酶活性 .只有在钙存在( 0 1～ 1 0mmol/L)的条件下 ,该酶活性才随Mg ²⁺浓度增高而增高 .这说明HL- 6 0细胞中核酸内切酶的活化必须有Ca ²⁺存在 ,在Ca ²⁺存在的条件下 ,其活性可被镁增强 ,Ca ²⁺和Mg ²⁺在核酸内切酶活化中的作用是不同的 .     

低频交变磁场对肿瘤细胞作用的理论分析和实验结果

本文研究了低频交变磁场对细胞作用的理论机理和实验结果。交变磁场和交变磁场感应的电场对运动离子产生电场力,加速离子的运行。基于该理论分析,设计了一系列的实验来验证假定的理论,实验采用两种肿瘤细胞系（HL-60 and SK-Hep-1）。将肿瘤细胞暴露于50Hz,20mT连续正弦磁场4天,每24小时检测上清液Na^＋和K^＋浓度。结果发现,照射组和对照组的Na^＋和K^＋浓度有显著变化,实验结果和理论分析相符。     

Effects of Exogenous Electromagnetic Fields on a Simplified Ion Channel Model

In this paper, we calculate the effect of an exogenous perturbation (an electromagnetic field [EMF] oscillating in the range of microwave frequencies in the range of 1 GHz) on the flux of two ion species through a cylindrical ion channel, implementing a continuous model, the Poisson–Smoluchowski system of equations, to study the dynamics of charged particle density inside the channel. The method was validated through comparison with Brownian dynamics simulations, supposed to be more accurate but computationally more demanding, obtaining a very good agreement. No EMF effects were observed for low field intensities below the level for thermal effects, as the highly viscous regime and the simplicity of the channel do not exhibit resonance phenomena. For high intensities of the external field (>10⁵ V/m), we observed slightly different behavior of ion concentration oscillations and ion currents as a function of EMF orientation with respect to the channel axis.     

Markov Random Field Modeling of the Spatial Distribution of Proteins on Cell Membranes

Cell membranes display a range of receptors that bind ligands and activate signaling pathways. Signaling is characterized by dramatic changes in membrane molecular topography, including the co-clustering of receptors with signaling molecules and the segregation of other signaling molecules away from receptors. Electron microscopy of immunogold-labeled membranes is a critical technique to generate topographical information at the 5–10 nm resolution needed to understand how signaling complexes assemble and function. However, due to experimental limitations, only two molecular species can usually be labeled at a time. A formidable challenge is to integrate experimental data across multiple experiments where there are from 10 to 100 different proteins and lipids of interest and only the positions of two species can be observed simultaneously. As a solution, we propose the use of Markov random field (MRF) modeling to reconstruct the distribution of multiple cell membrane constituents from pair-wise data sets. MRFs are a powerful mathematical formalism for modeling correlations between states associated with neighboring sites in spatial lattices. The presence or absence of a protein of a specific type at a point on the cell membrane is a state. Since only two protein types can be observed, i.e., those bound to particles, and the rest cannot be observed, the problem is one of deducing the conditional distribution of a MRF with unobservable (hidden) states. Here, we develop a multiscale MRF model and use mathematical programming techniques to infer the conditional distribution of a MRF for proteins of three types from observations showing the spatial relationships between only two types. Application to synthesized data shows that the spatial distributions of three proteins can be reliably estimated. Application to experimental data provides the first maps of the spatial relationship between groups of three different signaling molecules. The work is an important step toward a more complete understanding of membrane spatial organization and dynamics during signaling.     

Low frequency electric and magnetic fields have different effects on the cell surface

There is a considerable controversy over the nature of weak electromagnetic-field effects in living organisms. Part of the controversy can be traced to a lack of understanding of whether electric or magnetic fields are involved in producing bioeffects. We find that both 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields alter the cell surface of Physarum polycephalum. Exposure to electric fields increases the negative charge on the cell surface while magnetic-field exposure decreases the hydrophobic character of the surface. These effects appear to be additive and independent of the waveform of the applied fields.     

Calculation of Externally Applied Electric Field Intensity for Disruption of Cancer Cell Proliferation

It is already known that electrostatic, magnetostatic, extremely low-frequency electric fields, and pulsed electric field could be utilized in cancer treatment. The healing effect depends on frequency and amplitude of electric field. In the present work, a simple theoretical model is developed to estimate the intensity of electrostatic field that damages a living cell during division. By this model, it is shown that magnification of electric field in the bottleneck of dividing cell is enough to break chemical bounds between molecules by an avalanche process. Our model shows that the externally applied electric field of 4?V/cm intensity is able to hurt a cancer cell at the dividing stage.     

Electromagnetic field pretreatment of Sinapis alba seeds improved cadmium phytoextraction

It was hypothesized that electromagnetic field (EMF) pretreatment of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seeds could increase the accumulation of non-essential, pollutant heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) in shoots. Seeds of white mustard were treated with either 60 or 120 mT of alternating EMF (50 Hz) for 1 minute and then grown in a Petri dish in the presence of Cd, in comparison to the control (seeds grown without EMF pretreatment). Biomass production and content of calcium (Ca) and Cd in seedling shoots were measured. The Cd content in shoots from the EMF-treated seeds was higher in both variants than in the control (by 73% and 78%, respectively; p < 0.05). In plants treated with 60 mT, the Ca content was slightly, but significantly, lower (3%) than in the control. EMF stimulation did not affect the biomass production. The results have shown potential benefits of this physical seed pretreatment method in the context of cadmium phytoextraction, but more research is needed.     

A Role for the Geomagnetic Field in Cell Regulation

We advance the hypothesis that biological systems utilize the geomagnetic field (GMF) for functional purposes by means of ion cyclotron resonance-like (ICR) mechanisms. Numerous ICR-designed experiments have demonstrated that living things are sensitive, in varying degrees, to magnetic fields that are equivalent to both changes in the general magnetostatic intensity of the GMF, as well as its temporal perturbations. We propose the existence of ICR-like cell regulation processes, homologous to the way that biochemical messengers alter the net biological state through competing processes of enhancement and inhibition. In like manner, combinations of different resonance frequencies all coupled to the same local magnetic field provide a unique means for cell regulation. Recent work on ultraweak ICR magnetic fields by Zhadin and others fits into our proposed framework if one assumes that cellular systems generate time-varying electric fields of the order 100 mV/cm with bandwidths that include relevant ICR frequencies.     

具振动内禀增长率的单种群增长模型的振动性

研究离散的单种群增长模型x_(n+1)=x_nexp(rn (1-x_(n-k))/(1-cx_(n-k))),n=0,1,2,…,(*)的解的振动性,其中{r_n)_(n=1)~∞是任意实序列,k是正整数,0<相似文献   

脉冲电磁场治疗原发性骨质疏松症的疗效观察

目的：为观察脉冲电磁场对原发性骨质疏松症的临床疗效。方法：临床选择原发性骨质疏松症病人57例为治疗组,采用XT-2000B型骨质疏松治疗仪治疗,并与活络骨康丸治疗原发性骨质疏松症对比研究。结果：治疗组血骨钙素、尿吡啶酚、骨密度、临床症状,均较治疗前持续改善（P〈0．05）。而两组治疗后相比无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论：说明脉冲电磁场能够有效的治疗原发性骨质疏松症,治疗效果与药物相同。