共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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介绍了植物茎尖和芽超低温保存的意义和现状。影响超低温保存的一些主要因素及其所采取的措施,主要包括预培养、低温锻炼、使用冰冻保护剂以及适当采用不同的降温方法和化冻洗涤方法,并就今后的研究提出了一些看法。 相似文献
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香蕉离体茎尖超低温保存研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以香蕉(Musaspp.)试管苗为试材,对其离体茎尖小滴玻璃化法超低温保存的影响因素进行了研究。小滴玻璃化法和玻璃化法超低温保存后再生率的差异表明,香蕉更适合用小滴玻璃化法进行超低温保存。香蕉小滴玻璃化法超低温保存的方案如下:试管苗在60g/L蔗糖的MS培养基上培养1~2个月,剥离带有1~2片叶原基的茎尖,室温下装载30m in(可延长至4h),0℃下PVS2处理40~50m in。6个基因型的14个品种的再生率平均为46.9%。通过SSR分子标记检测,再生植株的遗传稳定性没有发生改变。该结果为香蕉种质资源的长期保存提供了理论依据和技术支撑。 相似文献
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菊花茎尖的玻璃化超低温保存研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文建立了适合中国菊花种质资源长期保存的玻璃化超低温保存技术体系.在4℃下,把1~2mm的菊花茎尖放在含0.4mol/L蔗糖的MS培养基上暗培养2~3d,用预处理液在25℃下处理30min,再用玻璃化试剂PVS2在冰浴条件下处理15min,换新鲜的PVS2试剂并迅速投入液氮.液氮保存24h后,40℃水浴解冻2min,用含蔗糖1.2mol/L的MS液体培养基洗涤20min,滤纸吸干后接种到恢复培养基中,在25℃条件下弱光培养1~3d转入正常光照培养条件下培养,2周后成活率可达86%以上,成活的茎尖均可再生. 相似文献
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猕猴桃茎尖超低温保存过程中超微结构观察 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用透射电镜观察了猕猴桃组培苗茎尖细胞在玻璃化法超低温保存过程中的超微结构变化.研究发现:在预培养、PVS2脱水处理过程中,茎尖细胞内液泡逐渐变多、变小,质壁分离愈加显著,表明细胞的抗冻力增强;在随后的冷冻和解冻过程中,部分细胞的质壁分离更加严重,细胞壁与细胞膜之间出现液腔,细胞器变得模糊,有些细胞的细胞膜、甚至细胞壁撕裂,细胞腔内留下破碎的细胞膜和细胞残片,细胞结构破坏严重,这可能是导致材料在恢复培养中死亡的原因之一;部分细胞经过7d的恢复培养后,细胞器清晰,细胞膜完好并紧贴细胞壁,细胞中央出现较大的液胞,具有与对照相似的结构特征,最终存活下来并能够再生植株. 相似文献
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枇杷茎尖二步玻璃化法超低温保存的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
超低温保存是目前植物种质资源长期稳定保存最理想的方法,而近几年发展的玻璃化超低温保存法具有设备要求简单、材料处理步骤简便及效果和重演性好等特点,倍受人们的青睐。国内外用玻璃化法成功地保存许多果树的种质资源。在对枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)花粉超低温保存取得成功的基础上,作者进行了枇杷茎尖玻璃化超低温保存的研究,以期建立枇杷茎尖超低温保存体系,为长期稳定保存枇杷种质资源提供技术支持。 相似文献
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红花石蒜茎尖的玻璃化超低温保存 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
2~3mm的石蒜茎尖放在MS+0.4mol·L-1蔗糖的培养基上预培养5d,在25℃下用预处理液处理20min,接着用冰浴的玻璃化保护剂PVS2在冰浴中处理80min后,换新鲜PVS2并迅速投入液氮。液氮保存24h后,于40℃水浴中快速解冻2min,用MS+1.2mol·L-1蔗糖的液体培养基洗涤20min,滤纸吸干后接种到恢复培养基中,在25℃下暗培养7d后,转入光照强度为36μmol·m-2·s-1和光暗周期12/12h条件下培养。2周后的成活率最高可达90%,植株再生率达53%。 相似文献
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以感染建兰花叶病毒(Cymbidium mosaic virus,CymMV)的蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis aphrodite)品种‘满天红’为试材,通过筛选蔗糖预培养浓度、预培养时间、PVS2(Plant vitrification solution 2,PVS2)处理时间三个关键因素,建立蝴蝶兰茎尖小滴玻璃化超低温脱毒体系,将再生的茎尖诱导类原球茎,再分化成苗,经RT-PCR检测CymMV的脱除情况,阴性结果的再生植株进行增殖和诱导生根。结果显示:最佳预培养为:BM+0.6 mol·L-1蔗糖处理1~2 d,超低温茎尖的成活率为70%~76.7%,再生率为53.3%~56.7%;PVS2最佳处理时间为60~90 min,超低温茎尖的成活率为73.3%~76.7%,再生率为50.0%~56.7%。再生植株经RT-PCR检测,CymMV的脱除率为50%。该研究为兰科植物脱除CymMV提供了理论和技术基础。 相似文献
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以‘左山1号’、101-14、3309C、SO4、140R和‘黑比诺’等葡萄砧木和品种直径为0.5~0.7 cm的一年生枝条为材料,经低温梯度(0℃、-14℃、-19℃、-24℃、-29℃和-34℃)处理后,对TTC染色的温度和时间进行优化并观察统计葡萄枝条不同组织的存活情况,测定枝条的相对电导率,以及韧皮部和木质部的可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、淀粉含量和束缚水自由水比例(束自比)5个生理指标,分别用枝条纵切面染色面积、相对电导率拟合Logistic方程计算枝条的半致死温度(LT_(50))来评价枝条的抗寒性,同时通过隶属函数法综合评价枝条韧皮部和木质部抗寒性,并将3种方法的评价结果进行比较,以建立一种直观高效鉴定葡萄品种抗寒性的方法。结果表明:(1)依据低温胁迫下各品种葡萄砧木扦插枝条的萌芽率和生根率表现,其抗寒性由强到弱依次为‘左山1号’、101-14、3309C、SO4、140R和‘黑比诺’。(2)葡萄枝条TTC活力染色的最佳条件为pH=7.0,0.5%TTC-0.1 mol/L磷酸缓冲液在35℃下避光染色36 h。随着胁迫温度的降低,各品种枝条纵切面染色面积均逐渐降低,根据优化TTC法获得‘左山1号’、101-14、3309C、SO4、140R和‘黑比诺’枝条的LT_(50)分别为-31.38℃、-26.51℃、-26.10℃、-23.60℃、-23.33℃和-19.26℃。(3)随着胁迫温度的降低,各品种枝条的相对电导率逐渐增加,且‘黑比诺’的相对电导率基本保持最高、增幅最大(51.93%),而‘左山1号’的相对电导率始终最低、增幅最小(44.07%);根据相对电导率获得‘左山1号’、101-14、3309C、SO4、140R和‘黑比诺’枝条的LT_(50)分别为-30.02℃、-26.40℃、-25.75℃、-23.16℃、-21.13℃和-17.72℃。(4)通过5种生理指标进行枝条抗寒性隶属函数综合性评价结果显示,同一品种中韧皮部抗寒性强于木质部,同一部位不同品种的抗寒性表现为:‘左山1号’>101-14>3309C>SO4>140R>‘黑比诺’。研究发现,TTC染色法与电导法和综合隶属函数法获得的葡萄枝条抗寒力评价结果一致,也与枝条生长恢复鉴定结果一致;但与其他两种方法相比,TTC染色法能更加直观和有效地预测评估葡萄枝条的抗寒性。 相似文献
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切花百合离体茎尖玻璃化法超低温保存研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以切花百合西伯利亚试管苗离体茎尖为试材,通过正交设计试验对预培养培养基中蔗糖浓度、预培养时间和PVS2处理时间等影响超低温保存存活率的主要因素进行了分析,初步建立了切花百合种质玻璃化法超低温保存的技术方案。通过形态观察、可溶性蛋白和同工酶检测,冻存前后材料的遗传稳定性没有发生改变,表明该方法对切花百合的种质保存具有较强的实用意义。 相似文献
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This study attempted to eradicate Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) and Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) from virus‐infected in vitro shoots of apple rootstocks ‘M9’ and ‘M26’ using shoot tip culture and cryopreservation. In shoot tip culture, shoot tips (0.2 mm in length) containing two leaf primordia failed to show shoot regrowth. Although shoot regrowth rate was the highest in the largest shoot tips (1.0 mm in length) containing four leaf primordia, none of the regenerated shoots was virus‐free. Shoot tips (0.5 mm in length) containing two and three leaf primordia produced 100% and 10% of ASPV‐free shoots, respectively, while those (1.0 mm) containing four leaf primordia were not able to eradicate ASPV. ASGV could not be eradicated by shoot tip culture, regardless of the size of the shoot tips tested. In cryopreservation, shoot tips (0.5 mm in length) containing two leaf primordia did not resume shoot growth. Although 1.0‐mm and 1.5‐mm shoot tips gave similarly high ASPV‐free frequencies, the latter had much higher shoot regrowth rate than the former. Very similar results of shoot regrowth and virus eradication by shoot tip culture and cryopreservation were observed in both ‘M9’ and ‘M26’. Histological observations showed that only cells in upper part of apical dome and in leaf primordia 1–3 survived, while other cells were damaged or killed, in shoot tips following cryopreservation. Virus immunolocalization found ASPV was not detected in upper part of apical dome and leaf primordia 1 and 2, but was present in lower part of apical dome, and in leaf primordium 4 and more developed tissues in all samples tested. ASPV was also detected in leaf primordium 3 in about 16.7% and 13.3% samples tested in ‘M9’ and ‘M26’. ASGV was observed in apical dome and leaf primordia 1–6, leaving only a few top layers of cells in apical dome free of the virus. Different abilities of ASPV and ASGV to invade leaf petioles and shoot tips were also noted. 相似文献
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In vitro-grown shoot tips of apples (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Fuji) were successfully cryopreserved by vitrification. Three-week-old in vitro apple plantlets were cold-hardened at 5°C for 3 weeks. Excised shoot tips from hardened plantlets were precultured on a solidified Murashige & Skoog agar medium (MS) supplemented with 0.7 M sucrose for 1 day at 5°C. Following preculture shoot tips were transferred to a 2 ml plastic cryotube and a highly concentrated cryoprotective solution (designated PVS2) was then added at 25°C. The PVS2 contains (W/V) 30% glycerol, 15% ethylene glycol and 15% dimethylsulfoxide in medium containing 0.4 M sucrose. After dehydration at 25°C for 80 min, the shoot tips were directly plunged into liquid nitrogen. After rapid warming, the shoot tips were expelled into 2 ml of MS medium containing 1.2 M sucrose and then plated on agar MS medium. Direct shoot elongation was observed in approximately 3 weeks. The average rate of shoot formation was about 80%. This vitrification method was successfully applied to five apple species or cultivars and eight pear cultivars. This method appears to be a promising technique for cryopreserving shoot tips from in vitro-grown plantlets of fruit trees.Abbreviations DMSO
dimethylsulfoxide
- EG
ethylene glycol
- PVS2
vitrification solution
- LN
liquid nitrogen
- BA
6-benzylaminopurine
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid
- SE
standard error
- ABA
abscisic acid 相似文献
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基于双抗体夹心ELISA反应原理,在两种不同加工成形的硝酸纤维素膜条(NC strip)上进行了马铃薯A病毒(PVA)的检测研究,并以酶标板ELISA做参比。结果表明,在NC条-2(NC strip-2)上的检测灵敏度与酶标板ELISA相当,而反应试剂的用量仅为酶标板ELISA的百分之一;NC条-1(NC strip-1)由于加样点间易发生交叉污染而不适合进行ELISA检测。应用NC条-2可稳定进行PVA的ELISA检测,为进一步开展微流体斑点免疫检测研究奠定了基础。 相似文献