四种去垢剂对棉铃虫微粒体细胞色素P450的增溶与变性作用

为分离纯化棉铃虫的细胞色素P450,比较了4种去垢剂对棉铃虫微粒体P450的增溶与变性作用。结果表明：CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)- dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate)能有效地增溶中肠和脂肪体微粒体P450,而Lubrol PX（聚氧乙烯十二烷基乙醇醚）、Emulgen 911（聚氧乙烯壬基苯酚醚）和胆酸钠的增溶效果较差;CHAPS对中肠和脂肪体微粒体P450的最适增溶浓度分别为0.5%和0.5%～0.8%; 终浓度为0.5%时, 4种去垢剂对中肠和脂肪体微粒体P450的变性作用不明显。     

棉铃虫6龄幼虫中肠与脂肪体微粒体P450酶系的比较

报道了棉铃虫6龄幼虫中肠和脂肪体微粒体P450酶系的组成与加单氧酶活性。与脂肪体微粒体相比,中肠策粒体具有更高的细胞色素P450,细胞色素b5和NADPH－细胞色素P450还原酶含量,表现出较高的艾氏剂环氧化酶和对－硝基苯甲醚O－脱甲基酶活性。SDS－PAGE电泳显示,中肠与脂肪体微粒体介于P450分子量范围内（45－60kDa)的蛋白图谱有所不同,反映出中肠和脂肪体微粒体蛋白组成存在差异。通过对－硝基苯甲醚O－脱甲基酶的动力学分析发现脂肪体微粒体的对－硝基苯甲醚O－脱甲基酶对底物有更强的亲和性,表明不同组织来源的P450同功酶存在质的不同。     

棉铃虫不同发育阶段微粒体P450酶系组成和活性的比较

比较了棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera 6龄幼虫、蛹、成虫微粒体P450单加氧酶系组成及其活性。P450含量在6龄幼虫中肠>（脂肪体=蛹）>成虫,NADPH-细胞色素还原酶在幼虫中肠>幼虫脂肪体>蛹>成虫;6龄幼虫脂肪体微粒体与蛹脂肪体微粒体P450含量相近,但NADPH-细胞色素还原酶活性前者是后者的4.2倍;成虫微粒体的细胞色素P450和NADPH细胞色素P450还原酶含量很低,几乎未检测出。用对-硝基苯甲醚和艾氏剂为底物测定P450酶系活性表明,与6龄幼虫相比,蛹和成虫具有极低的单加氧酶活性,其O-脱甲基酶活性未检出,艾氏剂环氧化酶活性比幼虫低2～3个数量级。     

棉酚和烟碱对棉铃虫的生长和细胞色素P—450单加氧酶活性的影响

以人工饲料添加测定了0．5％的棉酚和烟碱对棉铃虫的生长和细胞色素P－450单加氧酶（简称P－450酶系）活性的影响。研究结果显示,在测定浓度下,高龄棉铃虫短期取食含棉酚和烟碱的人工饲料后,对幼虫的生长没有显著影响,由此表明,棉铃虫对其主要寄主植物中的次生物质棉酚和烟碱具有很好的适应能力。与此同时,棉铃虫中肠微粒体P－450酶系的蛋白组成和酶活性发生了不同的变化,有升有降,有的没有变化。棉铃虫可能通过调整P－450酶系的各种蛋白含量和酶的活力水平,来适应对植物次生物质的代谢解毒的需要。另外,棉铃虫取食棉酚和烟碱后,细胞色素B5含量均显著提高,而细胞色素P－450含量均显著降低,细胞色素B5在棉铃虫对棉酚和烟碱的解毒代谢中可能发挥着更为重要的作用。     

灌注色谱法快速分离纯化茶薪菇金属硫蛋白

为建立一种快速高效分离Cd诱导茶薪菇金属硫蛋白（MT）的方法,以灌注色谱技术为平台,采用BioCAD 700E灌注色谱系统分离纯化Cd诱导茶薪菇金属硫蛋白,并对色谱条件进行了优化,结果表明：经优化相关参数（缓冲液pH值8．2,流速5ml/min,洗脱体积10CV）建立的快速灌注色谱法能高效地进行茶薪菇Cd-MT分离,且具有快速、高效、自动化操作、易放大等优点。     

利用杆状病毒Bac-to-Bac系统在Sf9细胞中表达真菌细胞色素P450nor

利用BactoBac杆状病毒载体表达系统将真菌细胞色素P450nor基因克隆至转移载体pFastBac1中, 得到重组质粒pFastBacP450nor, 再将其转化进入含穿梭载体Bacmid的受体菌DH10Bac中发生转座作用, 得到含P450nor基因的重组穿梭载体rBacmid pAcP450nor。分离提取重组Bacmid DNA, 并转染培养的昆虫细胞Sf9, 得到重组病毒rAcp450nor。经酶切和PCR 鉴定, 细胞色素P450nor基因正确地插入到病毒基因组的多角体蛋白基因启动子下, SDSPAGE分析证明：表达蛋白的分子量为43kD左右。Western blotting分析结果表明：有一条特定的杂交带存在, 且分子量相同（约43kD）。进一步证明了含有真菌细胞色素P450nor基因的重组表达载体和重组病毒构建成功,并在昆虫细胞Sf9中实现了高效表达, 经MTT法测定表达的细胞色素P450nor具有还原NO的生物学活性。     

大肠杆菌表达的重组细胞色素P-450nor的分离纯化

用DE－52纤维素柱色谱法和FPLC法（fastProteinliquidchromatography）分离纯化了大肠杆菌表达的重组缣孢菌细胞色素P－450nor（recombinant　fusariumoxvsporumcytochromeP－450nor,rF．P－450nor）．经梯度洗脱MonoQ纯化后的rF．P－450nor为单一色谱峰,比活达55．20U／mg,纯化倍数约为1100倍,SDSPAGE检测为单一谱带．     

VLC法分离纯化枸杞子中类胡萝卜素的研究

采用真空液相色谱（VLC）法,快速、简易、高效地分离、纯化了枸杞子中类胡萝卜素及其脂肪酸酯;采用薄层色谱法,对比了氧化镁和硅胶两种吸附剂的分离、纯化效果。结果表明,依次用氧化镁和硅胶为吸附剂进行的两次真空柱色谱分离,可有效去除脂溶性杂质并分离类胡萝卜素各组分,是类胡萝卜素分离、纯化的可靠方法。     

美洲大蠊主要变应原蛋白的质谱鉴定与分析

为了建立美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana变应原蛋白的质谱鉴定方法,我们将美洲大蠊粗浸液通过DEAE-52离子交换层析、Sephacryl S-200凝胶过滤层析等分离步骤得到纯化的74 kD蛋白,对纯化前后的该74 kD蛋白分别进行SDS-PAGE及凝胶内胰酶酶切,再经液相色谱-电喷雾-串联质谱（HPLC-ESI-MS/MS）在线联机分析,所得质谱数据进入网站（http://www.matrixscience.com）进行Mascot检索比对。通过对两者质谱鉴定结果的比较来评估美洲大蠊天然主要变应原蛋白的纯化效果。结果表明,纯化蛋白经HPLC-ESI-MS/MS鉴定是美洲大蠊主要变应原蛋白;离子交换层析等纯化步骤可以去除同一分子量的杂蛋白(如卵黄原蛋白),从而获得较好的鉴定结果。我们首次成功地运用质谱建立起变应原蛋白的新鉴定方法。     

人肝癌细胞的IGF-BP1分子特性及内源性蛋白酶对其降解的研究

用SDS-PAGE电泳、高效液相色谱（HPLC）、质谱等方法,研究了人肝癌细胞（HepG2）分泌的胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1（35S-IGF-BP1）的分子结构、特性,及其被内源性蛋白酶降解的特点．35S-IGF-BP1经抗体免疫沉淀、生化分离,纯化为均一体．其分子是由多个亚基构成的蛋白质,分子量约为27kD;细胞UMR、HepG2、H35。BRL3A分泌的蛋白酶能将35S-IGF-BP1催化水解成较小分子（14kD）的多肽．     

Partial purification of Cytochrome P450 from Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

Abstract The cytochrome P450 (Cyt‐P450) proteins from the fat body and midgut of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, were respectively partially purified by a set of purification procedures including differential centrifugation, solubilization of CHAPS, protein precipitation by PEG precipitation and DE‐32 column chromatography. The Cyt‐P450 was detected by methods of CO difference spectrum and SDS‐PAGE. Fraction of detergent solubilized microsomes from the fat body of H. armigera was purified more than 17‐fold. Three protein bands were detected by SDS‐PAGE with molecular masses of 70 600, 63 300 and 571 200Da. It is possible that the proteins with molecular mass of 63 300 and 571 200Da were the isozymes of Cyt‐P450.     

Expression of cytochrome P450scc in Escherichia coli cells: Intracellular location and interaction with bacterial redox proteins

Escherichia coli cells producing the mature form of adrenal cytochrome P450scc were used as a model for study of cytochrome P450scc topogenesis. By disruption of transformed E. coli cells and centrifugation of the homogenate under conventional conditions, we obtained membrane and soluble (high-speed supernatant) fractions both containing the recombinant protein. Gel-permeation high performance liquid chromatography showed that in the high-speed supernatant the native cytochrome P450scc exists exclusively as a component of membrane fragments exceeding 400 kD. These data supported by kinetic assays suggest that the >400-kD particles containing P450scc are lipoprotein associates. In total, we failed to detect a genuine soluble cytochrome P450scc in the E. coli cells, which suggests that membrane insertion is an obligatory stage of holoenzyme formation. In the high-speed supernatant supplemented with NADPH, cytochrome P450scc underwent one-electron reduction and could convert 22R-hydroxycholesterol into pregnenolone. Thus, we have for the first time observed functional coupling of cytochrome P450scc with the bacterial electron transfer system.     

微粒体细胞色素P-450、NADPH-细胞色素P-450还原酶的纯化与重组活性

经苯巴比妥钠诱导的雄性大白鼠的肝微粒体纯化的细胞色素P-450同功酶组份,经SDS-PAGE鉴定呈电泳纯,分子量为55kD。部分纯化的NADPH-细胞色素P-450还原酶,含72和77kD两个蛋白质组分。上述细胞色素P-450和NADPH-细胞色素P-450还原酶与卵磷脂制备的脂质体重组后的活性试验表明,对艾氏剂有环氧化作用,对环已烷有羟化作用,对溴氰菊酯的羟化作用微弱。当重组系统中缺少细胞色素P-450组份时,对环已烷不再起作用。同时还研究了纯化的细胞色素P-450的光谱特性。     

棉酚和烟碱对棉铃虫的生长和细胞色素P-450单加氧酶活性的影响

以人工饲料添加法测定了 0 5%的棉酚和烟碱对棉铃虫的生长和细胞色素P 4 50单加氧酶 (简称P 4 50酶系 )活性的影响。研究结果显示 ,在测定浓度下 ,高龄棉铃虫短期取食含棉酚和烟碱的人工饲料后 ,对幼虫的生长没有显著影响 ,由此表明 ,棉铃虫对其主要寄主植物中的次生物质棉酚和烟碱具有很好的适应能力。与此同时 ,棉铃虫中肠微粒体P 4 50酶系的蛋白组成和酶活性发生了不同的变化 ,有升有降 ,有的没有变化。棉铃虫可能通过调整P 4 50酶系的各种蛋白含量和酶的活力水平 ,来适应对植物次生物质的代谢解毒的需要。另外 ,棉铃虫取食棉酚和烟碱后 ,细胞色素B5含量均显著提高 ,而细胞色素P 4 50含量均显著降低 ,细胞色素B5在棉铃虫对棉酚和烟碱的解毒代谢中可能发挥着更为重要的作用     

高速逆流双水相色谱法纯化卵白蛋白

生物大分子的液_固色谱纯化过程中固相载体会产生产物吸附、变性等不良影响。高速逆流色谱无需固相载体 ,且具有高分便率和高回收率的优点 ,其中有机相 水相体系在分离天然产物中应用广泛 ,而应用双水相体系分离生物大分子尚处于研究阶段。双水相高速逆流色谱体系的建立与仪器设备及操作工艺条件密切相关 ,因此利用多分离柱高速逆流色谱仪 ,研究了PEG1000-无机盐双水相体系对标准蛋白质混合物以及卵白蛋白的分离。pH值和PEG浓度对不同种类蛋白质的分配系数影响不同 ,实验发现在pH9.2的150% (W/W)PEG1000 170% (W/W)磷酸钾盐体系中 ,细胞色素C、溶菌酶和肌红蛋白的分配系数差异较大 ,且分布合理 ,因而采用该体系在 0 8mL min流速 ,85 0r min转速的条件下 ,成功分离了细胞色素C、溶菌酶和肌红蛋白的混合物。实验也发现在pH9 2的 16 0 % (W/W)PEG10 0 0 17 0 % (W/W)磷酸钾盐体系中 ,鸡蛋清样品中的主要蛋白质成分:卵转铁蛋白、卵白蛋白和溶菌酶的分配系数差异最大 ,因而采用该体系在 1 8mL min流速、85 0r mi转速的条件下,200min内从鸡蛋清样品中成功分离卵白蛋白,其电泳纯度为100%,收率为95%.     

Purification of recombinant bovine normal prion protein PrP(104-242) by HPHIC

Purification of the prion protein (PrP) is a major concern for biological or biophysical analysis as are the structural specificities of this protein in relation to infectivity. A simple and efficient method for purification of recombinant bovine normal prion protein containing residues 104-242, PrP(104-242) expressed in Escherichia coli by high performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HPHIC) was presented in this work. The solution containing denatured and reduced protein in 8.0 mol/L urea extracted from the inclusion body was directly injected into the HPHIC column, aggregates were prevented by the interaction between the denatured PrP(104-242) molecules and the stationary phase during the chromatographic process, the soluble form of PrP(104-242) in aqueous solution was obtained after desorbed from the column. Several factors, including pH value, types of stationary phase and salt, and gradient mode, influencing the purification results were investigated. Optimal conditions were obtained for the purification of PrP(104-242) by HPHIC. This procedure yield PrP(104-242) of a purity of 96% with a recovery of 87%, respectively, for a single step purification of 40 min.     

Purification of recombinant wheat cytochrome P450 monooxygenase expressed in yeast and its properties

To investigate the properties of wheat cytochrome P450 and the characteristics of herbicide metabolism by cytochrome P450 in vitro, deeply understand the mechanisms of herbicide selectivity, recombinant wheat cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP71Cv1) heterologously expressed in yeast was purified by DE-52 cellulose chromatography and fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) with Mono-Q column. The degree of purification was 1366-fold. The specific activity of purified cytochrome P450 reached to 512 nmol min-1 mg-1 protein with herbicide chlorsulfuron as substrate. The purified cytochrome P450 exhibited one band in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the molecular mass was 52.5 kDa. Kinetic parameter was determined in vitro. The Km values for chlorsulfuron and triasulfuron were 57 (+/-15) and 38 (+/-16) microM, respectively; and Vmax for chlorsulfuron and triasulfuron were 4.1 (+/-0.7) and 2.7 (+/-0.5) nmol min-1 mg-1protein in vitro, respectively.     

增效醚(PBO)对棉铃虫细胞色素P450的抑制 作用及对拟除虫菊酯的增效作用

在增效醚（PBO）对棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera 3龄幼虫处理后的不同时段,细胞色素P450的含量受到不同程度的抑制:在处理后1 h,细胞色素P450的含量仅为对照的43.9%,至处理后12 h,细胞色素P450的含量下降到最低点,仅为对照的23.4%;而处理后18～24 h,细胞色素P450被抑制的程度有所减弱,其含量分别为对照的85.8%和70.0%。生物测定结果表明,PBO对所测定的7种拟除虫菊酯均有不同程度的增效作用,对氰戊菊酯的增效比最高(119.3),对氯菊酯的增效比最低(2.1)。由于细胞色素P450是拟除虫菊酯的重要解毒酶系,PBO的处理可使棉铃虫细胞色素P450的含量大幅度下降,使其对杀虫剂的解毒能力减弱,从而对杀虫剂产生增效作用。     

Purification and partial characterization of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase from Gentiana triflora flowers

Reduced form of nicotineamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-cytochrome P450 reductase was solubilized from a microsomal fraction of Gentiana triflora flowers by 3-[(3 Cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate detergent and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. The purification was achieved by adenosine 2', 5'-bisphosphate-Sepharose chromatography, followed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. A Mr value of 82,000 was obtained by SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Western blot analysis showed that the purified protein cross-reacted with polyclonal antibody raised against rabbit anti-Gentiana triflora NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase antibodies. The temperature and pH optimum for reduction of cytochrome c was 25 degrees C and 7.4 respectively. The Km values for the binding of NADPH and cytochrome c were 9.4 and 3.2 microM, respectively. In this paper, we present some results of the purification and partial characterization of microsomal NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase from Gentiana triflora flowers.