亚洲小车蝗食量测定

我们采用人工饲养与自然发育相对照的方法,对亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus B.-Bienko的食量进行了测定。若虫期平均1.844g(最大3.38g,最小1.1g);成虫期平均8.395g(最大10.568g,最小6.735g);一生平均10.239g(最大13.948g,最小7.835g)。成虫期因寿命判断较难,故以自然发育期校正。 亚洲小车蝗若虫食量3龄期明显增加,约占一生食量的2.19％,1或2龄前的4倍,1、2龄总和的2.3倍;雌若虫食量约为雄虫的2倍;若虫期食量约占总食量的1/5,成虫期约占4/5。故防治应在3龄前进行,最晚到羽化前。     

黄胫小车蝗室内种群的建立及亚洲小车蝗痘病毒的增殖

1966年美国人最早从草地血黑蝗Ｍｅｌａｎｏｐｌｕｓｓａｎｇｕｉｎｉｐｅｓ上分离到病毒[1] ,1969年确认为是一种痘病毒(ｅｎｔｏｍｏｐｏｘｖｉｒｕｓ ,ＥＰＶ) [2 ] ,其后他们用这种草地蝗虫大量增殖痘病毒 ,现已进入了田间试验阶段[3] 。 1981年我国也从草地蝗虫中分离到痘病毒[4 ] ,但我国没有人研究过草地蝗虫的大量饲养问题 ,草地蝗虫的大量饲养与鳞翅目昆虫不同 ,即使在当地条件下饲养也很困难 ,这使得我国利用痘病毒防治草地蝗虫的研究一直停滞不前。2 0世纪 80年代末 ,我们从新疆和内蒙古的其它重要草地蝗虫中分离到痘病毒[5] ,能…     

黄胫小车蝗研究初报

<正> 黄胫小车蝗Oedaleus infernalis inferalisSauss是我省主要蝗虫种类之一,1982—1985年我们在省内考察了冀东沿海,冀西山区、冀北山区、坝上高原、冀中平原等5个不同类型的28个县市,均有黄胫小车蝗发生,并在蝗虫种类分布中占第一位;在为害程度上仅次于东亚     

蝗灾北移的主力军亚洲小车蝗

内蒙古草原遭受的蝗灾并不是我们常常在新闻媒体上看到的类似非洲经常发生的"飞蝗",而是种类众多的"草原蝗虫",其中以亚洲小车蝗为优势种,数量上占绝对优势。亚洲小车蝗属体形中等蝗虫,雄性的体长一般为21-24.7毫米;雌性为了生育进行充分的营养积累,比雄性多经历1个龄期的发育,因此体形显著大于雄性,可达31-37毫米。而且亚洲小车蝗的后翅较     

黄胫小车蝗活动行为的观察

黄胫小车蝗活动行为观察结果表明,在时间、位置、方位三因素中,以方位因素水平间最显著,F=21.89>F_0.01(3.83);在互作中最显著的为时间×位置,F=80.34>F_0.01(2.12);在连作时间×位置×方位也最显著,F=3.79>F_0.01(1.64)。用新复极差测验方位北小区最显著,α=0.01;时间×位置的互作,12时有食料最显著,α=0.01;位置×方位的互作,笼壁北小区最显著,α=0.01;时间×位置×方位的互作,20时笼壁北小区最显著,α=0.01。光量、温度(x)与虫量(y)均呈负相关,r=-0.6153、r=-0.7877。     

内蒙古荒漠草原亚洲小车蝗的种群动态

2010—2011年于内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗格根塔拉草原对亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus(B.-Bienko)种群动态进行了研究。结果表明,亚洲小车蝗种群空间格局为随机分布;亚洲小车蝗于6月中旬开始孵化出土,1～3龄蝗蝻高峰期在6月中下旬至7月初,终见期在7月下旬;4～5龄蝗蝻于6月下旬始见,高峰期在7月上中旬,终见期在7月末;成虫于7月上旬始见,高峰期在7月中旬至8月下旬,终见期在9月上旬。应用最优分割法将亚洲小车蝗种群动态划分为3个阶段:(1)6月中旬,为蝗蝻开始出土期,数量稀少,空间格局为聚集分布或随机分布;(2)6月下旬至7月上中旬,为蝗蝻发生盛期,密度低时为随机分布,密度高时为聚集分布;(3)7月中下旬至9月上旬,为成虫发生期,空间格局为随机分布。     

亚洲小车蝗痘病毒增效因子的初步研究

OaEPV经2×SDS包涵体碱性裂解缓冲液裂解,离心,分别用上清液及沉淀与绿僵菌孢子混合感染黄胫小车蝗,上清液的增效活性比沉淀大2.5倍。用三种不同方法(2×SDS包涵体碱性裂解液法,0.02 mol/L NaOH裂解法,8 mol/L尿素裂解法)裂解OaEPV所得蛋白液与绿僵菌混用,生测结果表明,包涵体裂解液法制备所得蛋白增效活性最高,NaOH裂解法次之,尿素裂解法制备的蛋白几乎没有增效活性。将OaEPV用包涵体碱性裂解液裂解后,用葡聚糖G-200凝胶柱层析进行分离,出现两个洗脱峰,这两个峰的洗脱液浓缩后进行生物测定,初步表明增效作用主要为第二个峰的蛋白片段。经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,第二个峰的蛋白片段的分子量为40kDa左右。     

亚洲小车蝗痘病毒增效因子的初步研究

OaEPV经2×SDS包涵体碱性裂解缓冲液裂解,离心,分别用上清液及沉淀与绿僵菌孢子混合感染黄胫小车蝗,上清液的增效活性比沉淀大2.5倍.用三种不同方法(2×SDS包涵体碱性裂解液法,0.02 mol/L NaOH裂解法,8 mol/L尿素裂解法)裂解OaEPV所得蛋白液与绿僵菌混用,生测结果表明,包涵体裂解液法制备所得蛋白增效活性最高,NaOH裂解法次之,尿素裂解法制备的蛋白几乎没有增效活性.将OaEPV用包涵体碱性裂解液裂解后,用葡聚糖G-200 凝胶柱层析进行分离,出现两个洗脱峰,这两个峰的洗脱液浓缩后进行生物测定,初步表明增效作用主要为第二个峰的蛋白片段.经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,第二个峰的蛋白片段的分子量为40 kDa左右.     

黄胫小车蝗受精囊的亚显微结构

利用组织学方法,观察了黄胫小车蝗Oedaleus infernalis 受精囊的显微与亚显微结构。结果表明,黄胫小车蝗受精囊为单个,由高度卷曲的受精囊管和蚕豆状的端囊构成。受精囊壁主要由表皮层、上皮层、基膜和肌肉层构成;上皮层包含上皮细胞、导管细胞和腺细胞。上皮细胞在靠表皮层的边缘有大量的微绒毛,两相邻上皮细胞的细胞膜相互嵌入,并有细微的突起延伸在导管细胞及腺细胞之间,直到基膜,达基膜处的上皮细胞膜折叠,与腺细胞膜的折叠,一起形成迷宫样的指状突起,附着在基膜上。导管细胞有一个较大的核和分泌导管,连接于腺细胞的细胞腔和受精囊腔,将腺细胞中分泌物运输到受精囊腔中。腺细胞具有典型的分泌细胞特征： 含发达内质网、高尔基复合体及不同大小的囊泡。肌肉层位于受精囊最外层,附在基膜上。在受精囊不同部位的结构有差异。在交配前和交配后,受精囊腺细胞的亚显微结构也有差异。     

黄胫小车蝗受精囊内含物研究

用组织化学、亲和组织化学方法研究了黄胫小车蝗 Oedaleus infernalis Saussure交配前后受精囊内含物的化学组成。结果表明,黄胫小车蝗受精囊内含物有蛋白质、脂类和碳水化合物。交配前后黄胫小车蝗受精囊腔及腺细胞中蛋白质、碳水化合物的含量有较大差异,交配后的含量明显高于交配前的,说明交配活动启动了受精囊腺细胞的分泌,使受精囊腔及受精囊管中积聚大量的碳水化合物及蛋白质。交配前后受精囊脂类含量没有明显变化。用亲和组织化学方法对交配后受精囊进行染色分析,表明受精囊腔内含物的碳水化合物、蛋白质主要以糖蛋白形式存在,糖残基主要有半乳糖、甘露糖及α-葡萄糖。     

亚洲小车蝗痘病毒形态及发育研究(英语)

本文报道亚洲小车蝗痘病毒感染黄胫小车蝗引起的病理学变化.该病毒主要感染寄主脂肪体,其次为血细胞.球状体有3种类型:大球体、椭球体和小球体,大小分别为30.41μm×25.40μm、6.58μm×4.78μm和3.35μm×2.60μm.病毒粒子为椭球形,大小为230 nm×176 urn,囊膜表面具有球状亚单位,直径为16nm,使病毒粒子看上去似桑椹,侧体为圆筒形,髓核内绳索状物质似有2折,在横切面上是2个圆点.病毒粒子的发育包括以下4个主要阶段:病毒发生基质的产生;球状颗粒的形成;内核和侧体的分化;髓核和衣壳的进一步分化.成熟病毒粒子逐渐包入球状体.该病毒可感染同属蝗虫.     

CONSTRUCTION AND PRIMAL APPLICATION OF A CLONED DNA PROBE FOR OEDALEUS ASIATICUS ENTOMOPOXVIRUS

Abstract  One fragment of the Oedaleus asiaticus entomopoxvirus (OaEPV) DNA cleaved with Bgl I was cloned into the EbmHI site of GEM-7zf(+) and then labeled by random oligonucletide primer to be a cloned DNA probe. This probe had species specificity to Dociostaurus kruussi EPV and Nosema to custae , but not to Calliptomus italicus EPV. The probe was able to detect Ing OaEPV DNA, 10² viral spheroids and OaEPV in the infected grasshopper homogenates.     

STUDIES ON MORPHOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT OF OEDMEUS ASIATICUS ENTOMOPOXVIRUS PROPAGATED IN OEDALEUS INFERNALIS*

Abstract The morphological characteristics and development of Oedaleus asiaticus entomopoxvirus propagated in Oeddeus infernalis are reported. This virus mainly infected host's fat bodies and hemocytes. Three kinds of spheroids were observed during propagation: big spheroid (30. 41 μm × 25. 40 μm), ellipsoid (6. 58 μm × 4. 78 μm) and small spheroid (3. 35 μm × 2. 60 μm). The virions embeded in them were oval, measuring 230 nm × 176 nm. The typical characteristic of poxviruses as spherical units with the mulberry-like surface could be seen under transmission electron microscope. The lateral body was cylinder-shaped. The rope-like substances in the core folded back only once; therefore two spots in transverse sections were seen. The development of the virions included four stages: the appearance of viro-plasm, the formation of spherical particles, the differentiation of core and capsid. The grasshoppers only in the same genus could be infected by this virus.     

亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus痘病毒DNA探针的构建和初步应用(英文)

用限制性内切酶酶切亚洲小车蝗痘病毒DNA,将酶切后的DNA片断克隆到质粒pGEM—7zf( )中。用随机引物法标记克隆的外源亚洲小车蝗痘病毒DNA片断为探针。经Southern及斑点杂交证明此探针对新疆戟纹蝗Dociostaurus kraussi及微孢子虫Nosema locusstae有特异性,对新疆意大利蝗Calliptomus italicus无特异性。构建的探针可检测1ng亚洲小车蝗痘病毒DNA及10~2病毒包含体,也可检测感染病虫匀浆液中的痘病毒。     

肌动蛋白存在于车蝗精母细胞核和染色体中

以兔抗肌动蛋白抗体为一抗,FITC偶联的羊抗兔IgG抗体为二抗进行间接免疫荧光实验,观察到车蝗（Oedaleus asiaticus）精母细胞核及减数分裂Ⅰ细线期、终变期、减数分裂Ⅱ中期染色体上均发出明亮的黄经发色荧光,说明其中含有肌动蛋白。本文结果证明肌动蛋白是车蝗减数分裂细胞核和染色体的组成成分。     

疣蝗和黑条小车蝗的寄生虫一新种——疣蝗微粒子虫(微孢子门:微粒子科)

本文报道寄生于疣蝗和黑条小车蝗的一种微粒子虫的光镜和电镜形态特征及寄生习性,定为新种。     

Symmetric primary and tertiary structure mutations within a symmetric superfold: a solution, not a constraint, to achieve a foldable polypeptide

In previous studies designed to increase the primary structure symmetry within the hydrophobic core of human acidic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-1) a combination of five mutations were accommodated, resulting in structure, stability and folding kinetic properties similar to wild-type (despite the symmetric constraint upon the set of core residues). A sixth mutation in the core, involving a highly conserved Met residue at position 67, appeared intolerant to substitution. Structural analysis suggested that the local packing environment of position 67 involved two regions of apparent insertions that distorted the tertiary structure symmetry inherent in the beta-trefoil architecture. It was postulated that a symmetric constraint upon the primary structure within the core could only be achieved after these insertions had been deleted (concomitantly increasing the tertiary structure symmetry). The deletion of these insertions is now shown to permit mutation of position 67, thereby increasing the primary structure symmetry relationship within the core. Furthermore, despite the imposed symmetric constraint upon both the primary and tertiary structure, the resulting mutant form of FGF-1 is substantially more stable. The apparent inserted regions are shown to be associated with heparin-binding functionality; however, despite a marked reduction in heparin-binding affinity the mutant form of FGF-1 is surprisingly approximately 70 times more potent in 3T3 fibroblast mitogenic assays. The results support the hypothesis that primary structure symmetry within a symmetric protein superfold represents a possible solution, rather than a constraint, to achieving a foldable polypeptide.     

Integrating statistical pair potentials into protein complex prediction

The biophysical study of protein-protein interactions and docking has important implications in our understanding of most complex cellular signaling processes. Most computational approaches to protein docking involve a tradeoff between the level of detail incorporated into the model and computational power required to properly handle that level of detail. In this work, we seek to optimize that balance by showing that we can reduce the complexity of model representation and thus make the computation tractable with minimal loss of predictive performance. We also introduce a pair-wise statistical potential suitable for docking that builds on previous work and show that this potential can be incorporated into our fast fourier transform-based docking algorithm ZDOCK. We use the Protein Docking Benchmark to illustrate the improved performance of this potential compared with less detailed other scoring functions. Furthermore, we show that the new potential performs well on antibody-antigen complexes, with most predictions clustering around the Complementarity Determining Regions of antibodies without any manual intervention.     

Protein microarrays as a discovery tool for studying protein–protein interactions

Exploring the function of the genome and the encoded proteins has emerged as a new and exciting challenge in the postgenomic era. Novel technologies come into view that promise to be valuable for the investigation not only of single proteins, but of entire protein networks. Protein microarrays are the innovative assay platform for highly parallel in vitro studies of protein–protein interactions. Due to their flexibility and multiplexing capacity, protein microarrays benefit basic research, diagnosis and biomedicine. This review provides an overview on the basic principles of protein microarrays and their potential to multiplex protein–protein interaction studies.