Structure of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K40

The capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella Serotype K40 contains D-galactose, D-mannose, L-rhamnose, and D-glucuronic acid in the ratios of 4:1:1:1. Methylation analysis of the native and carboxyl-reduced polysaccharide provided information about the glycosidic linkages in the repeating unit. Degradation of the permethylated polymer with base established the identity of the sugar unit preceding the glycosyluronic acid residue. The modes of linkages of different sugar residues were further confirmed by Smith degradation and partial hydrolysis of the K40 polysaccharide. The anomeric configurations of the different sugar residues were determined by oxidation of the peracetylated native and carboxyl-reduced polysaccharide with chromium trioxide. Based on all of these results, the heptasaccharide structure 1 was assigned to the repeating unit of the K40 polysaccharide. (Formula: see text)     

Structural investigation of Klebsiella serotype K10 capsular polysaccharide

The primary structure of Klebsiella serotype K10 capsular polysaccharide has been investigated using mainly the techniques of methylation, partial hydrolysis, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide was found to consist of hexasaccharide repeating units having the following structure: (formula; see text)     

Structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K35

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide (K antigen) of Klebsiella K35 has been established as having the pentasaccharide repeating unit shown ("four plus one" type). The structural investigation utilized the techniques of methylation, beta-elimination, Smith degradation, and partial hydrolysis. N.m.r. spectroscopy (1H and 13C) was used extensively to establish the configurations of the anomeric linkages and to delineate the sequence of the sugars in the structure of the polysaccharide. (Formula: see text).     

Structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K 49

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella type K 49 was investigated by 1H- and 13C-n.m.r. spectroscopy of the original, carboxyl-reduced, and Smith-degraded polysaccharides. Methylation of the original K 49 and derivatives showed that the polysaccharide consists of a tetrasaccharide repeating-unit having D-galacturonic as a single lateral substituent. All of the sugars have the alpha-D-configuration. This conclusion is in agreement with measurements of spin-lattice relaxation-times for the anomeric proton. O-Acetyl groups are located on galacturonic acid, but do not occupy a unique position. (Formula: see text).     

Structural studies on the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K40

The capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K40 contained D-mannose, D-glucuronic acid, D-galactose, and L-rhamnose in the approximate molar ratios 1:1:1:2. The primary structure of the capsular polysaccharide has been investigated mainly by methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, characterization of oligosaccharides, base degradation reaction, and 1H and 13CNMR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide does not contain any pyruvic acetal or O-acetyl substitution. It has a pentasaccharide repeating unit of the following primary structure: alpha-D-Manp 1----4 ----4)-beta-D-GlcpA-(1----2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1----3)-beta-D-Ga lp-(1----2)-alpha- L-Rhap-(1----.     

Studies of the primary structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella serotype K15

The capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K15 has been investigated mainly by methylation analysis, characterisation of the oligosaccharides obtained by partial acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, enzymic degradation, and 1H- and 13C-n.m.r. spectroscopy, and shown to have the hexasaccharide repeating-unit 1. The glycan does not contain any pyruvic acetal or O-acetyl substituents. (formula; see text)     

Primary structure of the Escherichia coli serotype K42 capsular polysaccharide and its serological identity with the Klebsiella K63 polysaccharide.

The Escherichia coli K42 capsular polysaccharide consists of leads to 3)-alpha-D-Galp-(1 leads to 3)-alpha-D-GalUAp-(1 leads to 3)-alpha-L-Fucp-(1 leads to repeating units. The E. coli K42 and Klebsiella K63 antigens are serologically identical.     

The use of bacteriophage depolymerization in the structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella serotype K3

The structure of the repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella serotype K3 has been established from the results of n.m.r. (1H and 13C) spectroscopy and methylation analysis of P1, the pyruvic acetal-bearing pentasaccharide obtained on depolymerization of the polysaccharide with a bacteriophage-borne endogalactosidase, reduced deacetalated P1, and the native polysaccharide. The data permit the assignment of the following structure to the repeating unit: (formula see text)     

Structure of the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae serotype 3

The capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae serotype 3 (ATCC 27090) is composed of D-galactose (one part), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (one part), glycerol (one part), and phosphate (one part). From hydrolysis, dephosphorylation, methylation, and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies, the polysaccharide was found to be a high molecular weight polymer of a repeating trisaccharide unit, joined through monophosphate diester linkages and having the following structure: (formula; see text).     

Structure of the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5

The capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 (ATCC 33377) was found to be a linear type polysaccharide of a repeating disaccharide unit composed of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose and 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (dOclA). By composition analysis, methylation, partial hydrolysis and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies, it was concluded that the capsular polysaccharide is a high-molecular-mass unbranched polymer having the structure: [6)-alpha-D-GlcNAcp-(1-5)-beta-dOclAp-(2]n.     

A structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella K69

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide isolated from Klebsiella serotype K69 has been investigated by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods. The repeating structure of the deacetylated polysaccharide is shown to be of the "3 + 1 + 1" type, and it carries a 1-carboxyethylidene acetal at positions 4 and 6 of a terminal galactosyl group. The location of acetyl groups in the polysaccharide has not been established. The repeating unit of the deacetylated polysaccharide has the following structure. (Formula: see text).     

Primary structure of the Escherichia coli serotype K30 capsular polysaccharide.

Methylation, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, and bacteriophage degradation results indicate that the Escherichia coli serotype K30 capsular polysaccharide consists of leads to 2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1 leads to 3)-beta-D-Galp-(1 leads to chains carrying beta-D-GlcUAp-(1 leads to 3)-alpha-D-Galp-(1 leads to branches at position 3 of the mannoses.     

Structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of klebsiella serotype K12

Klebsiella K12 capsular polysaccharide has been investigated by the techniques of methylation, Smith degradation—periodate oxidation, uronic acid degradation, and partial hydrolysis, in conjunction with ¹H-n.m.r. spectroscopy at 100 and 220 MHz, and ¹³C-n.m.r. spectroscopy at 20 MHz. The structure has been found to consist of the hexasaccharide repeating-unit shown, having a d-galactofuranosyl residue at the branch point. In this series, a d-galactofuranosyl residue has previously only been found in the polysaccharide from Klebsiella K41.

     

Structure of the capsular polysaccharide of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5b.

The capsular polysaccharide of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5b (strain L20) was found to be a high molecular mass polymer composed of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, D-glucose, and 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO). Methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis and a combination of homonuclear and 1H-detected heteronuclear shift-correlated nuclear magnetic resonance experiments showed the polysaccharide to be a branched polymer of a trisaccharide repeating unit, having the structure: [formula; see text]     

Structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K80

The use of methylation, periodate oxidation, β-elimination, and selective hydrolysis enabled the structure of the K80 polysaccharide to be determined. The nature of the anomeric linkages was established by ¹H-n.m.r. spectroscopy, and confirmed by the results of oxidation of the fully acetylated polysaccharide with chromic acid. The K80 polysaccharide is comprised of repeating units of the pentasaccharide shown, and contains a pyruvic acetal on each repeating unit. This pattern constitutes the first instance, in this series of polysaccharides, of a pyruvic acetal attached to a side-chain rhamnosyl group.

     

Structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of klebsiella serotype K26

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella K26 has been determined by using the techniques of methylation, periodate oxidation, partial hydrolysis, and β-elimination. N.m.r. spectroscopy (¹H and ¹³C) was used to establish the nature of the anomeric linkages and to identify oligosaccharides obtained by the different degradative techniques employed.The polysaccharide is comprised of repeating units of the heptasaccharide shown.