用Langdon二体代换系统建立小麦染色体RAPD标记

以一套Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ硬粒小麦二体代换系及其亲本Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ、中国春和中国春双端体为材料,研究适于硬粒小麦和普通小麦的理想ＲＡＰＤ分析条件,进行小麦Ａ、Ｂ和Ｄ染色体组各个染色体的ＲＡＰＤ分析。结果表明,ＡｍｐｌｉＴａｑＳｔｏｆｆｅｌｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔ比ＴａｑＤＮＡＰｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅ优越。所用１２个随机引物中,７个引物扩增出的１３个特异产物,可确定在硬粒小麦ＬａｎｇｄｏｎＡ、Ｂ染色体组和中国春Ｄ染色体组中的１０个个别染色体上。４个标记进一步定位在相应的４个染色体臂上。结果还表明,用Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ二体代换系统、中国春双端体为材料,容易得到重复性高、特异性强的ＲＡＰＤ标记。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Central Pennsylvania Halloween Customs . Scientific direction by MAURICE A. MOOK, produced by D. P. DUVALL, L. P. GREENHILL, and C. CONKLIN
L'Aubrac filmed by JEAN-DOMINIQUE LAJOUX
L'Homme des Burons , filmed by J. D. LAJOUX
Le Forgeron des Hermaux , filmed by J. D. LAJOUX
Fléaux en cadence , filmed by J. D. LAJOUX
Foires d'Aubrac ou le Langage des Gestes , filmed by J. D. LAJOUX
Le Joug filmed by J. D. LAJOUX     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this articles: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography . S. P. Hubbell. Australian Rainforests: Islands of Green in a Land of Fire . D. M. J. S. Bowman. Seed Dispersal and Frugivory: Ecology, Evolution and Conservation . Edited by D. J. Levey, W. R. Silva and M. Galetti. Monitoring Ecological Impacts: Concepts and Practice in Flowing Waters B. J. Downes, L. A. Barmuta, P. G. Fairweather, D. P. Faith, M. J. Keough, P. S. Lake, B. D. Mapstone and G. P. Quinn.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
The Natural Historv of Antelopes By C. A. Spinage.  

Shorter notices

Towards Hazard Assessment: Properties and Effects of Endosulphan Applied Sequentially as Drift Spray for Tsetse Fly Control by R. J. Douthwaite.
WWF Yearbook 1985/86, Ed. by Cassandra Philips.
Evolutionary Biology (Second Edition) by D. J. Futuyma.
Community Ecology: Patterns and Process, Ed. by J. Kikkawa & D. J. Anderson.
Tropical Ecology by D. E. Pomeroy & M. W. Service (with contributions by J. K. E. Egunjobi & N. Dickinson).
Our Common Future: A Reader's Guide by D. Hinrischen.
Kora: An Ecolgical Inventory of'the Kora Nuriontal Reserve, Kenya, Ed. by M. Coe & N. M. Collins
Colonisation, Succession and Stability, Ed. by A. J. Gray, M. J. Crawley & P. J Edwards.
Mediterranean Marine. Avifauna: Population Studies.r and Conservation, Ed. By MEDMARAVIS & X. Monbailliu.     

Characterization of rat and human CYP2J enzymes as Vitamin D 25-hydroxylases

vitamin D is 25-hydroxylated in the liver, before being activated by 1alpha-hydroxylation in the kidney. Recently, the rat cytochrome P450 2J3 (CYP2J3) has been identified as a principal vitamin D 25-hydroxylase in the rat [Yamasaki T, Izumi S, Ide H, Ohyama Y. Identification of a novel rat microsomal vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase. J Biol Chem 2004;279(22):22848-56]. In this study, we examine whether human CYP2J2 that exhibits 73% amino acid homology to rat CYP2J3 has similar catalytic properties. Recombinant human CYP2J2 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and assayed for vitamin D 25-hydroxylation activity. We found significant 25-hydroxylation activity toward vitamin D3 (turnover number, 0.087 min(-1)), vitamin D2 (0.16 min(-1)), and 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (2.2 min(-1)). Interestingly, human CYP2J2 hydroxylated vitamin D2, an exogenous vitamin D, at a higher rate than it did vitamin D3, an endogenous vitamin D, whereas, rat CYP2J3 hydroxylated vitamin D3 (1.4 min(-1)) more efficiently than vitamin D2 (0.86 min(-1)). Our study demonstrated that human CYP2J2 exhibits 25-hydroxylation activity as well as rat CYP2J3, although the activity of human CYP2J2 is weaker than rat CYP2J3. CYP2J2 and CYP2J3 exhibit distinct preferences toward vitamin D3 and D2.     

Book reviews

Book reviews in this article: Fauna of Australia. Vol. IB. Mammalia Edited by D. W. Walton and B. J. Richardson. Plant Physiological Ecology: Field Methods and Instrumentation Edited by R. W. Pearcy, J. Ehleringer, H. A. Mooney and P. W. Rundel. Fire in the Tropical Biota: Ecosystem Processes and Global Challenges Edited by J. G. Goldammer. Nature Conservation 2: The Role of Corridors Edited by D. A. Saunders and R. J. Hobbs.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: JUST BATS. By M. Brock Fenton. MONOTREMES AND MARSUPIALS: THE OTHER MAMMALS. By T. J. Dawson. Edward Arnold, MAMMAL SKIN. By V. E. Sokolov, University of California Press, PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY. By R. J. Putman and S. D. Wratten. Croom Helm, MAMMALS OF THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS. By J. K. Jones, Jr, D. M. Armstrong, R. S. Hoffmann and C. Jones. ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR: AN EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH. 3rd edn. By J. Alcock. Sinauer Associates Inc., Sunderland, Massachusetts, VEGETATION CHANGE IN UPLAND LANDSCAPES. By D. F. Ball, J. Dale, J. Sheal and O. W. Heal. CLIMATOLOGICAL MAPS OF GREAT BRITAIN. By E. J. White and R. I. Smith. A FIELD GUIDE FOR CLASSIFYING BRITISH WOODLAND VEGETATION: PART 1. By R. G. H. Bunce. PARASITIC PROTOZOA IN BRITISH WILD ANIMALS. By J. R. Baker. THE UNDERSTANDING OF ANIMALS: A NEW SCIENTIST GUIDE. Edited by G. Ferry, Black ANIMAL MIND-HUMAN MIND. Vol. 24 Life Sciences Research Report. Edited by D. R. Griffin.     

Reviews of publications

Calcareous Grasslands–Ecology and Management, edited by S. H. Hillier, D. W. H. Walton & D. A. Wells
Plant Reproductive Ecology: Patterns and Strategies, edited by J. & L. Lovett Doust
Flora of the Outer Hebrides, by R. J. Pankhurst & J. M. Mullin
The Ecology of Mycorrhizae, by M. F. Allen
Tropical Lichens: Their Systematics, Conservation and Ecology, edited by D. J. Galloway
Microbial Control of Weeds, edited by D. O. TeBeest
Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland. Vol. 1. Liverworts (Hepaticae and Anthocerotae). edited by M. O. Hill, C. D. Preston & A.J. E. Smith
Luigi Balugani's drawings of African plants, by Paul Hutton, F. Nigel Hepper & Ib Friis     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: Preliminary Report on the Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University Archaeological Expedition to Northwestern Honduras, 1936 . W illiam D uncan S trong , A lfred K idder II and A. J. D rexel P aul , J r .
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: An Archaeological Reconnaissance of Northwestern Honduras: A Report of the Work of the Tulane University-Danish National Museum Expedition to Central America 1935 . J ens Y de .     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Rangeland Management and Ecology in East Africa . Ed. by D. J. P ratt and M. D. G wynne . Hodder and Stoughton
Large Mammals and a Brave People: Subsistence Hunters in Zambia . By S tuart A. M arks . Foreword by J. D esmond C lark .     

气温突变对高血压大鼠心梗发病及心肌损害的影响

目的:探索气温突变对高血压大鼠心梗发病及心肌损害的影响。方法:给予肾动脉半结扎大鼠一次维生素D370 U/kg体重腹腔注射,22℃环境下饲以高脂饲料。10周后随机分为S、J和D三组,S组予以30分钟内升温至40℃处理,J组予以30分钟内降温至4℃的处理,D组为对照组。结果:S组大鼠急性心梗发病率为59.09%,J组大鼠发病率为26.32%,D组发病率为28.57%,S组大鼠以及J组大鼠血清肌钙蛋白、肌酸激酶、谷草转氨酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、乳酸脱氢酶含量(P<0.05)均明显高于D组大鼠,S组与D组大鼠肌钙蛋白等含量(P>0.1)无显著差异。结论:气温骤升、骤降均能加重造成心肌损害,但夏季气温骤升所造成的急性心梗发病率高于气温的骤降。     

Voltage-dependent gap junction channels are formed by connexin32, the major gap junction protein of rat liver.

We report here experiments undertaken in pairs of hepatocytes that demonstrate a marked voltage sensivity of junctional conductance and, thus, contradict earlier findings reported by this laboratory (Spray, D.C., R.D.ginzberg, E.A., E. A. Morales, Z. Gatmaitan and I.M. Arias, 1986, J. Cell Biol. 101:135-144; Spray C.D. R.L. White, A.C. Campos de Carvalho, and M.V.L. Bennett. 1984. Biophys. J. 45:219-230) and by others (Dahl, G., T. Moller, D. Paul, R. Voellmy, and R. Werner. 1987. Science [Wash. DC] 236:1290-1293; Riverdin, E.C., and R. Weingart. 1988. Am. J. Physiol. 254:C226-C234). Expression in exogenous systems, lipid bilayers in which fragments of isolated gap junction membranes were incorporated (Young, J.D.-E., Z. Cohn, and N.B. Gilula. 1987. Cell. 48:733-743.) and noncommunicating cells transfected with connexin32 cDNA (Eghbali, B., J.A. Kessler, and D.C. Spray. 1990. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 87:1328-1331), support these findings and indicate that the voltage-dependent channel is composed of connexin32, the major gap junction protein of rat liver (Paul, D. 1986. J. Cell Biol. 103:123-134).     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
N eutralization of A nimal V iruses (1993). By N.J. Dimmock.
Bacillus subtilis and O ther G ram -P ositive B acteria : B iochemistry , P hysiology and M olecular G enetics (1993).
C hilled F oods : A C omprehensive G uide (1992). Edited by C. Dennis and M. Stringer.
M edical M icrobiology (1992). Edited by D. Greenwood, R. Slack and J. Peutherer.
B acteriocins of L actic A cid B acteria (1993). Edited by D.G. Hoover and L.R. Steenson.
Bacillus thuringiensis , an E nvironmental B iopesticide : T heory and P ractice (1993). Edited by P.F. Entwistle, J.S. Cory, M.J. Bailey and S. Higgs.
P ediatric I nfectious D isease (1993). Edited by D. Engelhard, M.I. Marks and D. Branski.     

Overlapping deletions define novel embryonic lethal loci in the mouse t complex

Summary: The t complex region of mouse chromosome 17 contains genetic information critical for embryonic development. To identify and map loci required for normal embryogenesis, a set of overlapping deletions (D17Aus9(df10J), D17Aus9(df12J), and D17Aus9(df13J)) surrounding the D17Aus9 locus and one encompassing the T locus, Del(17)T(7J), were bred in various combinations and the consequences of nullizygosity in overlapping regions were examined. The results indicated that there are at least two functional units within 1 cM of D17Aus9. l17J1 is a peri-implantation lethal mutation within the region deleted in D17Aus9(df13J), whereas l17J2 is a later-acting lethal defined by the region of overlap between Del(17)T(7J) and D17Aus9(df12J). Del(17)T(7J)/D17Aus9(df12J) embryos die around 10.5 dpc. The development of the mutant embryos is characterized by lack of axial rotation, an abnormal notochord structure, and a ballooning pericardium. These studies demonstrate the value of overlapping deletion complexes, as opposed to individual deletion complexes, for the identification, mapping, and analysis of genes required for embryonic development.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
GIBBERELLINS–CHEMISTRY, PHYSIOLOGY AND USE . Edited by J. R. L enton
BIOMONITORING AIR POLLUTANTS WITH PLANTS . By W. J. M anning & W. A. F eder
HORMONAL REGULATION OF DEVELOPMENT, I . Edited by J. M ac M illan
PLANT GROWTH SUBSTANCES . Edited by F. S koog
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY OF PHY-TOPLANKTON . Edited by I. M orris
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH JOHN INNES SYMPOSIUM. The Plant Genome and Second International Haploid Conference . Edited by D. R. D avies & D. A. H opwood
LOW TEMPERATURE STRESS IN CROP PLANTS: the role of the membrane . Edited by J ames M. L yons , D ouglas G raham & J ohn K. R aison
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS . By U lrich L üttge & N oe H iginbotham     

Book reviews

Book reviews in This Article:
Detection of Bacterial Endotoxins with the limulus amebocyte lysate Test (1987). Edited by Stanley W. Watson, Jack Levin & Thomas J. Novitsky.
Computers in Microbiology (1987). Edited by J.D. Rant, R.K.A. Feltham & W. Shepherd.
Molecular Strategies of Parasite Invasion (1987). Edited by N. Agabian, H. Goodman & N. Nogueira.
Footrot in Ruminants (1986). Edited by D.J. Stewart, J.E. Peterson, N.M. McKern & D.L.
Bacterial Protein Toxins (1986). Edited by P. Falmagne, J.E. Alouf, F.J. Fehrenbach, J. Jeljaszewicz & M. Thelestam.
Carbon Substrates in Biotechnology (1987). Edited by J.D. Stowell, A.J. Beardsmore, C.W. Keevil & J.R. Woodward.     

BOOK REVIEW…

Book reviewed in this article:
Wainright, S. A., Biggs, W. D., Currey, J. D., Gosline, J. M. 1976. Mechanical Design in Organisms.     

Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe: Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products , vol. 51. Founded by L. Z echmkister . Ed. by W. H erz , H. G risebach , G. W. K irby and C. T amm .
Immobilized Cells: Principles and Applications. By J. T ampion and M. D. T ampion .
Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry, Volume 3. Case Histories: Gymnosperms, Angiosperms and Palms. Ed. by J. M. B onga and D. J. D urzan .
Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Second Edition. Vol III. Magnoliales, Illiciales, and Law ales. By C. R. M etcalfe .
The Ecology of the Nitrogen Cycle. By J anet I. S prent .     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
TURBULENCE IN LAKES AND RIVERS by I. R. Smith
AN ILLUSTRATED GUIDE TO AQUATIC AND WATER-BORNE HYPHOMYCETES By C. T. lngold
KEY TO BRITISH DlXlDAE by R. H. L. Disney
KEY TO BRITISH FRESHWATER CRUSTACEA: MALACOSTRACA. By T. Gledhill, D. W. Sutcliffe 6 W. D. Williams.
CONTROL OF FISH QUALITY by J. J. Connell.
AQUACULTURE IN CANADA Bulletin 188 of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada by H. R. MacCrimmon, J. E. Stewart J. R. Brett.
FISH BEHAVIOR WHY FISHES DO WHAT THEY DO By D r Helmut E. Adler.