斑玉蕈酸性磷酸酯酶的酶学性质研究

以斑玉蕈为材料分别从菌盖和菌柄中提取一种酸性磷酸酯酶（ACPase,EC.3.1.3.2）,进一步用硫酸铵沉淀分离,Sephadex G-200柱纯化,从菌盖中分离到3个酶组分,从菌柄中分离到4个酶组分,分别对菌盖和菌柄的酶Ⅰ和酶Ⅰ′进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（PAGE）电泳纯度鉴定,均呈现单一酶蛋白带。SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）测定酶Ⅰ和酶Ⅰ′的相对分子量均为65kDa,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤测定分析,酶Ⅰ和酶Ⅰ′均为单亚基蛋白。紫外吸收光谱（UV）测     

马氏蝎毒毒素的分离纯化及其对红细胞膜作用的初步研究

本文用山东产马氏蝎(Buthus martensii kashi)粗毒为材料,经SephadexG-50和Sp-Sephadex C-25二次柱层析,分离纯化获得三个毒峰部分,毒性比粗毒分别提高40—100倍。 纯度鉴定表明三个毒峰的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和等电聚焦电泳均为一条带,等电点分别为8.7,9.1,9.1,分子量用SDS-不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定分别为6,600,5,000和8,500。对纯化蝎毒毒素的氨基酸组分也作了分析。 蝎毒毒素对人红细胞膜作用的初步探索结果表明:它使人红细胞膜的Na.K-ATP酶活性和膜脂流动性有所降低。     

尖吻蝮蛇(Agkistrodon acutus)蛇毒的研究——Ⅰ.三个毒性组分的纯化

从尖吻蝮(五步蛇)蛇毒中用DEAE-Sephadex A-50,Sephadex G-75,DEAE纤维素和CM-Sephadex C-25柱层析分离纯化,得到三个毒性组分,分别简称为AaT-Ⅰ,AaT-Ⅱ和AaT-Ⅲ。经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和琼脂免疫电泳鉴定,均表现均一。AaT-Ⅰ和AaT-Ⅱ是酸性蛋白质,等电点分别是4.6及5.3。AaT-Ⅲ是碱性蛋白质,pI>9。它们的分子量均约为22000。     

尖吻蝮蛇(Agkistrodon acutus)蛇毒的研究——Ⅰ.三个毒性组分的纯化

从尖吻蝮(五步蛇)蛇毒中用DEAE-Sephadex A-50,Sephadex G-75,DEAE 纤维素和CM-Sephadex C-25柱层析分离纯化,得到三个毒性组分,分别简称为AaT-Ⅰ,AaT-Ⅱ和AaT-Ⅲ。经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和琼脂免疫电泳鉴定,均表现均一。AaT-Ⅰ和AaT-Ⅱ是酸性蛋白质,等电点分别是4.6及5.3。AaT-Ⅲ是碱性蛋白质,pI>9。它们的分子量均约为22000。     

赤子爱胜蚯蚓(Eisenia Foetida)纤溶酶的研究,Ⅳ纤溶酶组成成分的分子量测定

本文报告了用SephadexG—100柱层析法纯化样品和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定纤溶酶组成成分的分子量的研究结果。经柱层析分离的纤溶酶电泳测定分子量结果为11条带,分别为68,000、49,000、42,000、41,000、36,000、29,000、27,000、26,000、25,000、21,000和12,000。而纤溶酶的主要组分集中在21.000与42.000之间,为其活性组分。     

辽宁产东亚钳蝎(Buthus martensii Karshi)毒两种毒素的纯化及其部分性质的研究

用CM-Sephadex C-50分离辽宁产东亚钳蝎毒得到十二个蛋白组份,对其中的第八组份进行了CM-Sephadex C-50重层析和Sephadex G-50凝胶过滤,最后得到两种纯化的毒素。应用低pH系统不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶圆盘电泳、SDS-不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶板状电泳及等电聚焦聚丙烯酰胺凝胶圆盘电泳鉴定均为单一条带。二者的分子量和等电点分别为8,980,8,660和7.58,7.90。还测定了粗毒对小白鼠的LD50(腹腔注射)、有关酶活力和毒素I的氨基酸组成。 试验结果还表明,用13％胶浓度的SDS-不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶板状电泳测定小于10,000道尔顿的蛋白质的分子量,可以获得较为满意的结果。     

克鲁维酵母Y-85菊粉酶的纯化和性质

克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces sp.)Y-85产生的胞内菊粉酶(endocellular inulinase)和胞外菊粉酶(exocellular inulinase)粗酶液分别经PEG6000-磷酸盐缓冲液双水相抽提得部分纯化酶液。前者进一步用硫酸铵分级沉淀、Protein-PAK DEAE离子交换、Protein-PAK200SW凝胶过滤后得到两个菊粉酶组分EⅠ和EⅡ;后者采用DEAE-Sephacel离子交换、Sephadex G150凝胶过滤后得到菊粉酶Eexo。经Waters 650E蛋白纯化系统鉴定,三者均呈单一的对称峰;EⅠ和EⅡ达聚丙烯酰胺盘状凝胶电泳纯。EⅠ、EⅡ和Eexo的分子量分别为42kD、65kD和57kD;三者均为糖蛋白,多糖含量分别为30％、35％和25％;I/S(Inulinaseactivity/Sucrase activity)比值分别为0.086、0.078和0.072;三者均属外切菊粉酶。EⅠ、EⅡ和Eexo酶反应最适pH分别为4.6、4.5和4.6,最适温度分别为52℃、52℃和55℃;Ag^+、Hg^(2+)和PCMB对酶活性有强烈的抑制作用;三者水解菊芋粉糖液的产物均为果糖(86.5％)和葡萄糖(13.5％)。     

浙江蝮蛇(Agkistrodon halys Pallas)蛇毒激肽释放酶Ⅰ的分离纯化及其性质的研究

浙江产蝮蛇(Agkistrodon halys Pallas)蛇毒中含有激肽释放酶,不需活化即可水解激肽原,释放激肽,并具有较弱的精氨酸酯酶的活力。粗毒经DEAE纤维素(DE-22,DE-52)和Sephadex G-75分离纯化后,可得到两个激肽释放酶的组分:Ⅰ与Ⅱ,二者电泳行为与酶活力有所不同,激肽释放酶Ⅰ在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中呈一条带,而组分Ⅱ中还杂有少量组分Ⅰ。激肽释放酶Ⅰ为一糖蛋白,含糖量20.3%,约由221个氨基酸残基组成,凝胶过滤和SDS电泳测定其分子量分别为31,000和30,000。此酶具有严格的底物专一性,能作用于激肽释放肽的专一底物Z-Phe-Arg-MCA及Bz-Pro-Phe-Arg-PA,不作用于一般蛋白质底物酪蛋白,对TAME的水解速度仅是对BAEE的14%。以BAEE为底物时,其最适pH为8～9,K_m值为2.85×10~(-4)M。本文测定了不同pH和不同温度下酶的稳定性,pH低于5或大于9,温度在40℃以上,酶活力迅速下降。其精氨酸酯酶及激肽释放酶的活力均能被丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂PMSF和DFP所抑制,两者呈平行关系,但都不被胰蛋白酶的专一抑制剂TLCK所抑制,慈菇抑制剂与大豆(Kunitz)抑制剂对此酶有部分抑制作用。经磷酸纤维素等阳离子交换树脂层析或交联的慈菇抑制剂Sepharose-4B亲合层析也能提纯激肽释放酶Ⅰ,但提纯后精氨酸酯酶活力下降,激肽释放活力几乎全部丧失。经圆二色光谱测定表明,酶的构象已发生改变。     

霍山铁皮石斛糖蛋白的制备及抗氧化活性

以霍山铁皮石斛枫斗为试验材料,经脱脂脱色、0.3 mol/L盐溶液浸提、Sevage法脱蛋白、硫酸铵分级沉淀、透析、聚乙二醇10 000浓缩、冷冻干燥得到粗品;经SDS-PAGE电泳、DEAE 52离子柱和Sephadex G-100凝胶柱分离纯化得到糖蛋白并测定其抗氧化活性。SDS-PAGE电泳显示硫酸铵饱和度越大,盐析作用越强,糖蛋白条带越明显,糖蛋白分子量在6.62×10~4附近;DEAE 52离子柱和Sephadex G-100凝胶柱逐步分离纯化得到2个组分的糖蛋白GP1和GP2;分光光度法测定GP1和GP2中糖蛋白含量分别约为95%和87%;抗氧化结果表明,霍山铁皮石斛糖蛋白具有较强的还原能力且可有效地清除自由基·DPPH、·OH和·O~-_2。     

地衣芽孢杆菌JF-UN122碱性蛋白酶的分离纯化与性质

地衣芽孢杆菌JF—UN122的发酵液,以硫酸铵分段盐析得粗酶,再经DEAE—Sephadex A—50吸附色素、CM—Sephadex C-50离子交换及Sephadex G—75柱层析等步骤获得电泳纯的碱性蛋白酶。SDS-PAGE测得其分子量为31．6KDa。以酪蛋白为底物时,酶的Km为5．26μg／min,Vm为20．8μg／min。酶的最适pH为9．0,最适温度为55℃,pH5～11,55℃以下酶较稳定,对1mol／LH2O2具有一定的耐氧化性。PMSF对酶抑制,二硫苏糖醇(DTT)有保护作用,钙离子、EDTA、SDS、尿素等对酶无明显影响。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.