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c-Ha-ras癌基因通过其产物p21蛋白的点突变或过量表达使细胞恶变。国外一些实验室的初步研究表明,导入一段与c-Ha-ras基因转录出的mRNA(sense RNA,正义RNA)顺序互补的RNA(anti-sense RNA,反义RNA),有可能通过阻断DNA复制,RNA转录或蛋白质翻译等过程,减少p21蛋白的合成,从而使转化细胞逆转。为了进一步系统研究反义c-Ha-ras RNA在转化细胞逆转中的 相似文献
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基因治疗载体及其基因转移技术的关键问题与研究现状 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目前使用的基因治疗载体及其基因转移技术中还没有一种能用于临床并永久有效的基因转移技术 .该文分析了直接体内转移、间接体内转移及其非载体法、病毒载体法、非病毒性生物载体法等基因治疗转移技术存在的一些关键问题 ,并探讨了各问题的解决办法或研究策略以及基因治疗载体研究的发展方向 相似文献
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基因转移是利用物理、化学或生物手段将外源基因导入受体细胞,并使之表达的一种技术。采用基因转移技术培育的动植物就叫转基因动植物。基因转移技术为改造生物品种开辟了前景光明的新途径。把某些高产、抗逆或优良性状基因通过基因转移导入原来不具备这些性能的生物体内,达到改良品种的目的。 相似文献
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miRNA研究方法进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
miRNA(microRNA)是一类长约22个核苷酸的小分子非编码RNA。miRNA可以通过与靶基因mRNA的特定位点结合,抑制该蛋白的合成或诱导该mRNA的降解,从而参与基因的表达调控。miRNA在各种生物中普遍存在,近年来利用直接克隆和生物信息学方法已从动物、植物、培养细胞和病毒中克隆及预测了数百种miRNA,并通过正反向遗传学技术、碱基互补靶标基因鉴定技术等,确定了少数miRNA基因的生理功能:然而在不同生物中仍有大量的miRNA基因尚未鉴定,它们的靶标及功能也有待进一步探索。由于miRNA序列短小,而且与靶标互作机理所知甚少,因此研究难度较大。本文总结了miRNA基因鉴定、功能鉴定等所采用的研究方法和策略,试图为miRNA研究提供一些思路和启发。 相似文献
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再狭窄基因治疗最新进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
旁路转流及血管成形术是慢性动脉缺血重要有效的治疗手段,但再狭窄严重限制了脸远期疗产。近两年来,随着血管基因转移技术的发展,基因治疗通过向血管壁转移SMC增殖治疗基因或通过反义核酸技术为再狭窄防治带来了新的希望。 相似文献
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八十年代以来,由于分子生物学技术和方法的不断发展和应用,使得人类基因定位的数目急剧增加。据HGM9报道,已经定位的人类基因,加上克隆的DNA片段、标记和脆性部位等,总数已超过2000个。 细胞遗传学和分子生物学相互交融,基因定位在肿瘤研究中的应用,使得人们对一些特异的染色体易位或缺失与某些恶性肿瘤的关系有了深入的了解。 相似文献
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Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA. 相似文献
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In order to determine if the absence of vitamin C in the diet of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) causes scurvy, a group of seven young individuals were fed food pellets without ascorbic acid, while another group of eight individuals received the same food with 1 g of ascorbic acid per animal per day. Animals in the first group developed signs of scurvy-like gingivitis, breaking of the incisors and death of one animal. Clinical signs appeared between 25 and 104 days from the beginning of the trial in all individuals. Growth rates of individuals deprived of vitamin C was considerably less than those observed in the control group. Deficiency of ascorbic acid had a severe effect on reproduction of another population of captive capybaras. We found that the decrease in ascorbic acid content in the diet affected pregnancy, especially during the first stages. The results obtained suggest that it is necessary to supply a suitable quantity of vitamin C in the diet of this species in captivity. 相似文献
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The lactate dehydrogenase activity in reactions of lactate oxidation and synthesis was studied in subfractions of the chicken brain, heart and liver at the embryonal, early postembryonal and adult stages of development after thyroxine administration. It has been shown that during embryogenesis thyroxine predominantly enhanced the rate of lactate oxidation in the mitochondrial tissues. A marked increase in the lactate synthesis was found in cytoplasm of the adult chicken tissues. Specificity of enzyme activity alterations was detected in the chicken brain during ontogenesis after thyroxine administration. 相似文献
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Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas. 相似文献