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1.
In vitro propagation of northern red oak (Quercus rubra) shoots was successful from cotyledonary node explants excised from 8-wk-old in vitro grown seedlings. Initially, four shoots per explant were obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.4 μM
6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 0.45 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), and 500 mg l−1 casein hydrolysate (CH) with a regeneration frequency of 64.7% after 3 wk. Subculturing explants (after harvesting shoots)
to fresh treatment medium significantly increased shoot bud regeneration (16.6 buds per explant), but the buds failed to develop
into shoots. A higher percentage (73.3%) of the explants regenerated four shoots per explant on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented
with 4.4 μM BA, 0.29 μM gibberellic acid (GA3), and 500 mg l−1 CH after 3 wk. Explants subcultured to fresh treatment medium after harvesting shoots significantly increased shoot regeneration
(16 shoots per explant). Shoot elongation was achieved (4 cm) when shoots were excised and cultured on WPM supplemented with
0.44 μM BA and 0.29 μM GA3. In vitro regenerated shoots were rooted on WPM supplemented with 4.9 μM indole-3-butyric acid. A higher percentage regeneration response
and shoot numbers per explant were recorded on WPM supplemented with BA and GA3, than on MS medium containing BA and TDZ. Lower concentrations of BA and GA3 were required for shoot elongation and prevention of shoot tip necrosis. Each cotyledonary node yielded approximately 20
shoots within 12 wk. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized. 相似文献
2.
Summary A protocol has been developed for in vitro plant regeneration from cotyledonary nodes of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. Multiple shoots were induced from cotyledonary nodes derived from 20-d-old axenic seedlings grown on Murashige and
Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.22–13.32 μM benzyladenine (BA) or 2.32–13.93 μM kinetin alone or in combination with 0.26 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The highest frequency for shoot regeneration (85%) and maximum number of shoots per explant
(9.5) were obtained on the medium supplemented with 4.44 μM BA and 0.26 μM NAA after 15 wk of culture. A proliferating shoot culture was established by repeatedly subculturing the original cotyledonary
nodal explant on fresh medium after each harvest of the newly formed shoots. Nearly 30% of the shoots formed roots after being
transferred to half-strength MS medium containing 9.84 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) after 25 d of culture. Fifty percent of shoots were also directly rooted as microtuttings on
a peat moss, soil, and compost mixture (1∶1∶1). About 52% of plantlets were successfully acclimatized and established in pots. 相似文献
3.
Summary A protocol has been developed for in vitro plant regeneration from cotyledonary nodes of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. Multiple shoots were induced from cotyledonary nodes derived from 20-d-old axenic seedlings grown on Murashige and
Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.22–13.32 μM benzyladenine (BA) or 2.32–13.93 μM kinetin alone or in combination with 0.26 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The highest frequency of responding explants (85%) and maximum number of shoots per explant
(9.5) were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 4.44 μM BA and 0.26 μM NAA after 15 wk of culture. A proliferating shoot culture was established by repeatedly subculturing the orginal cotyledonary
nodal explant on fresh medium after each harvest of the newly formed shoots. Nearly 30% of the shoots formed roots after being
transferred to half-strength MS medium containing 9.84 μM indole-3-butyric acid after 25 d of culture. Fifty percent of shoots were also directly rooted as microcuttings on peat moss,
soil, and compost mixture (1∶1∶1). About 52% plantlets rooted under ex vitro conditions were successfully acclimatized and established in pots. 相似文献
4.
An efficient protocol was developed for micropropagation of an economically important timber-yielding multipurpose tree, Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. Multiple shoots were induced from cotyledonary nodes (CNs) derived from 18-d-old axenic seedlings on Murashige and
Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.1–10 μM). The highest shoot regeneration frequency (90%) and maximum
number (15.2 ± 0.20) of shoots per explant was recorded on MS medium amended with 0.4 μM TDZ. Continuous presence of TDZ inhibited
shoot elongation. In the primary medium, TDZ-initiated cultures were transferred to the secondary medium supplemented with
another cytokinin, 6-benzyladenine (BA), for shoot growth and elongation. Maximum (90%) shoot elongation with an average shoot
length of 5.4 ± 0.06 cm was observed at 5 μM BA. To further enhance the number of shoots per explant, mother tissue was repeatedly
subcultured on fresh shoot induction medium after each harvest of newly formed shoots. Thus, by adopting this strategy, an
average of 44 shoots per explant could be obtained. About 65% of in vitro regenerated shoots produced a maximum number (4.4 ± 0.2) of roots per shoot by a two-step culture procedure employing pulse
treatment and subsequent transfer of treated shoots to a low concentration of 0.2 μM indole-3-butyric acid along with phloroglucinol
(3.96 μM). The in vitro-raised plantlets were successfully acclimatized first under culture room conditions, then to greenhouse with 70% survival
rate. 相似文献
5.
Elif Aylin Ozudogru Ergun Kaya Emrah Kirdok Saliha Issever-Ozturk 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2011,47(2):309-320
An efficient in vitro propagation protocol, applicable both to young and mature explants of two Thymus spp., results in genetically stable plantlets. In vitro-grown shoot tips of Thymus vulgaris L. were exposed to cytokinins (6-benzyladenine, kinetin, and thidiazuron) alone or in combination with auxins, gibberellic
acid (GA3) and/or silver nitrate in order to optimize in vitro shoot proliferation. Optimum shoot proliferation (97% regeneration rate, with 8.6 shoots produced per explant) was obtained
when semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was supplemented with 1 mg L−1 kinetin and 0.3 mg L−1 GA3. Rooting of the shoots was easily obtained on semi-solid MS medium that was either hormone-free or supplemented with auxins.
However, the best root apparatus (92.5% rooting rate, with 19 adventitious roots per shoot) developed on MS medium supplemented
with 0.05 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Genetic stability was confirmed in the in vitro-germinated mother plant as well as the shoots that underwent two, four, six, eight, or ten cycles of in vitro subculturing by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. When applied to the micropropagation of mature shoot tips
of T. longicaulis C. Presl subsp. longicaulis var. subisophyllus (Borbás) Jalas, the optimized in vitro propagation protocol resulted in a 97.5% shoot regeneration rate, with five shoots formed per explant, and 100% rooting.
Rooted plantlets of both species were transferred to 250-mL plastic pots and successfully acclimatized by gradually reducing
the relative humidity. 相似文献
6.
Kaitlin J. Palla Paula M. Pijut 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2011,47(2):250-256
A plant regeneration protocol was developed for white ash (Fraxinus americana L.). Hypocotyls and cotyledons excised from embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine
(BA) plus thidiazuron (TDZ), and compared for organogenic potential. Sixty-six percent of hypocotyl segments and 10.4% of
cotyledon segments produced adventitious shoots, with a mean number of adventitious shoots per explant of 3.5 ± 0.9 and 2.5 ± 1.5,
respectively. The best regeneration medium (52% shoot formation; 47% shoot elongation) for hypocotyls was MS basal medium
containing 22.2 μM BA plus 0.5 μM TDZ, producing a mean of 3.9 ± 0.4 adventitious shoots. Adventitious shoots were established
as proliferating shoot cultures following transfer to MS medium with Gamborg B5 vitamins supplemented with 10 μM BA plus 10 μM
TDZ. For in vitro rooting, woody plant medium with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at 0, 2.9, 5.7, or 8.6 μM in combination with 4.9 μM indole-3-butyric
acid (IBA) was tested for a 5- or 10-d dark culture period, followed by culture under a 16-h photoperiod. The best rooting
(78% to 81%) of in vitro shoots was obtained with a 5 d dark culture treatment on medium containing 2.9 or 5.7 μM IAA plus 4.9 μM IBA, with an average
of 2.6 ± 0.4 roots per shoot. Rooted plants were successfully acclimatized to the greenhouse. This adventitious shoot regeneration
and rooting protocol will be used as the basis for experimental studies to produce transgenic white ash with resistance to
the emerald ash borer. 相似文献
7.
Summary Multiple shoots were induced from cotyledonary nodes of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) derived from 7-d-old in vitro seedlings on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing N6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin, or thidiazuron, BA being the most effective. Among the five genotypes tested, shoot proliferation
frequency was the highest (93.3%) for IC-120487, giving the maximum number of shoots (11.3 shoots per explant) on MS medium
augmented with 2.0 mgl−1 (8.87 μM) BA. Shoot cultures were established by repeatedly subculturing the original cotyledonary nodes on fresh medium after each
harvest of the newly formed shoots. Thus 30–40 shoots were obtained in 2 mo. from a single cotyledonary node. Up to 81.8%
of the shoots developed roots following transfer to half-strength MS medium containing 0.5 mgl−1 (2.85 μM) indole-3-acetic acid. Plantlets were successfully acclimatized and established in soil. 相似文献
8.
Tantravahi Srinivasan Koppolu Raja Rajesh Kumar Pulugurtha Bharadwaja Kirti 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,101(3):303-309
Though peanut tissue culture has advanced to a considerable extent using a number of explants with the subsequent production
of transgenic plants, wild Arachis species appeared to be recalcitrant to using similar explants. In this study, the use of cotyledonary nodes as explants prepared
from 7-day old seedlings resulted in the development of a simple and rapid regeneration protocol for five diploid wild species
including A. diogoi, A. stenosperma, A. duranensis, A. cardenasii and A. correntina belonging to the genus Arachis for producing multiple shoots. Shoot bud initiation was observed 10 to 15 days after culture initiation. Responding cotyledonary
nodes with shoot buds were subcultured to lower levels of cytokinin and finally to MS basal medium for further shoot development
and elongation. Production of multiple shoots was observed in all the five diploid species with a maximum of 9 to 16 shoots
were obtained per explant in the primary cultures. The number of shoot buds increased significantly with repeated explant
subculturing with recovery up to 45 shoots from responding explants. These shoots were rooted efficiently on MS medium supplemented
with 1 mg l−1 naphthalene acetic acid and the time taken from explanting to the transfer of shoots to potting mixture was about 12 weeks.
All rooted shoots were successfully established in soil in glass house and further transferred to field. These plants survived
to maturity and set seed. 相似文献
9.
Summary
In vitro propagation of Pelecyphora aselliformis, a Mexican cactus which is considered rare and is highly valued in the commercial market, was initiated using seeds as explants.
The longitudinal explants from seedlings germinated in vitro were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 8.8 μM benzyladenine (BA) or 4.6 μM kinetin at pH 7.0. After 120 d, each explant gave rise to five shoots and this number of shoots increased 20–25% after subculture.
The hyperhydricity was similar in both media, but callus formation was lower on the medium with BA. The shoot development,
in terms of epicotyl length, and fresh and dry weight after 6 wk, was also recorded. The epicotyl length was similar on shoot-forming
media but the quality of shoots was better on media containing BA. In about 1 yr, 500–600 well-defined shoots were obtained.
The rooting of shoots was very slow and a vigorous radical system was observed after 1 yr of culture. 相似文献
10.
Sushma Tamta Lok Man S. Palni Vijay K. Purohit Shyamal K. Nandi 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(2):136-141
An efficient and reproducible method for the regeneration of multiple shoots of brown oak (Quercus semecarpifolia Sm.) has been developed in which a part of the petiolar tube containing a primary shoot is used as the explant. Explants
derived from in vitro grown seedlings were cultured either on Murashige and Skoog or Woody Plant medium (WPM) containing different concentrations
of benzyladenine (BAP) throughout the range of 1–20 μM. WPM supplemented with 20 μM BAP was found to be best for adventitious
shoot induction and for the multiplication of individual shoots. In-vitro-produced shoots were rooted using a two-step method. Firstly, shoots were cultured on WPM containing indolebutyric acid (IBA)
at either 50 or 100 μM for 24 or 48 h. Secondly, the shoots were transferred to plant-growth-regulator-free half-strength
WPM. The second step not only considerably improved the rooting percentage but also minimized the formation of basal callus.
The most effective first-step treatment was found to be 100 μM IBA for 24 h, which initiated rooting at a frequency of 100%.
Well-rooted plants were transferred to plastic cups containing nonsterile, sieved soil and farmyard manure, hardened under
greenhouse conditions, and then successfully established in pots. This procedure is suitable for use in large-scale production
of plants and may have potential application in additional oak species. 相似文献
11.
A. M. Vieitez E. Corredoira A. Ballester F. Muñoz J. Durán M. Ibarra 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,98(2):135-145
North American oak species, with their characteristic strong episodic seasonal shoot growth, are highly problematic for clonal
micropropagation, resulting in the inability to achieve a stabilized shoot multiplication stage. The potential for initiating
and proliferating shoot cultures derived from Quercus alba, Q. bicolor and Q. rubra explants was investigated, and a micropropagation method for these species was developed. Branch segments from 6 to 7-year-old
trees were forced-flushed and the forced shoots were used as source of explants for culture initiation. A consistent shoot
multiplication stage was achieved, in 13 of the 15 genotypes established in vitro, although marked differences occurred in
explants from different genotypes/species. The control of efficient shoot multiplication involved the culture of decapitated
shoots in a stressful horizontal position on cytokinin-containing medium with a sequence of transfers within a 6-week subculture
cycle, which was beneficial to overcoming the episodic character of shoot growth. During each subculture cycle, the horizontally
placed explants were cultured on media containing 0.2 mg l−1 benzyladenine (BA) for 2 weeks with two successive transfers (2 weeks each) to fresh medium with 0.1 mg l−1 BA, giving a 6-week subculture cycle. The general appearance and vigor of Q. alba and Q. bicolor shoot cultures were improved by the inclusion of both 0.1 mg l−1 BA and 0.5 mg l−1 zeatin in the medium used for the second transfer within the 6-week subculture cycle. Addition of AgNO3 (3 mg l−1) to the shoot proliferation medium of Q. rubra had a significant positive effect on shoot development pattern by reducing deleterious symptoms, including shoot tip necrosis
and early senescence of leaves. The three species showed acceptable in vitro rooting rates by culturing microcuttings in medium
containing 25 mg l−1 indolebutyric acid for 48 h with subsequent transfer to auxin-free medium supplemented with 0.4% activated charcoal. Although
an initial 5-day dark period generally improved the rooting response, it was detrimental to the quality of regenerated plantlets.
However, activated charcoal stimulated not only the rooting frequencies, but it also enhanced plant quality, as evidenced
by root, shoot and leaf growth. 相似文献
12.
A protocol for the micropropagation ofSchizandra chinensis has been developed using regenerated shoots from axillary bud explants. In preparing to do so, we found that seed type (i.e.,
mature vs. pre-mature) significantly influenced the rate of germination. The Woody Plant (WP) medium proved to be superior
to the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium for germination purposes. Multiple shoots were induced from cotyledonary nodes of axenic
seedlings on WP media containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) alone or in combination with 1-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA). High
frequencies of shoot proliferation and the greatest number of shoots per explant (11.6) were observed with the use of 1.0
mg L-1 BA. We also established a culture method for proliferating shoots by repeatedly subculturing the original cotyledonary nodes
on a shoot multiplication medium each time newly formed shoots were harvested. To induce root formation, glucose was supplied
as a carbon-source substitution for sucrose. The best rooting rate was obtained from a WP medium supplemented with 3% glucose
and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA. Following transplantation in the field, 82% of the plantlets survived. 相似文献
13.
The aim of the study was to obtain an efficient system for Carlina acaulis subsp. simplex propagation. The experimental materials were shoot tips, fragments of hipocotyls, cotyledons and roots isolated from 10-day-old
seedlings. The explants were transferred to the proliferation medium supplemented with different types of cytokinin: BA (13.3 μM),
kinetin (13.9 μM) and zeatin (13.7 μM) in combination with NAA (0.54 μM). The best morphogenetic response was observed when
explants were cultured on the BA supplemented medium. The maximum shoot organogenesis frequency was observed for shoot tip
(nearly 94%). On average 8.6 axillary shoots were induced per explant. Multiplication rate increased during the first three
subcultures. The shoots revealed a wide range of morphogenetic responses. Differences were observed in the presence or absence
of hair on the surface of lamina. These changes had epigenetic character and were the effect of changes in DNA methylation,
which is shown by differences in methylation pattern between 18S rRNA and 25S rRNA genes in the analyzed regenerated plants.
Nearly 94% of plantlets were rooted on auxin lacking medium. Addition of auxin (NAA or IAA) increased both the rooting percentage
(100%) and the number of roots per shoot, but their growth was inhibited. Shortening of the auxin exposition time reduced
the number of roots. Moreover, high efficiency (90%) was observed for ex vitro rooting. Plantlets with a large number of roots
survived better than the ones with only a few roots. Plants were able to flower and gave viable seeds. 相似文献
14.
In vitro propagation of Rhododendron ponticum L. subsp. baeticum, an endangered species present in limited and vulnerable populations as a Tertiary relict in the southern Iberian Peninsula, was attained. Several cytokinin:IAA ratios and a range of zeatin concentrations were evaluated for their effect on shoot multiplication from apical shoots and nodal segments. The type of cytokinin and the origin of the explant were the most important factors affecting shoot multiplication. The highest shoot multiplication rate was obtained from single-nodal explants on medium supplemented with zeatin. Increasing zeatin concentration promotes shoot multiplication independently of explant type, although this effect tends to decrease with higher zeatin concentration. Shoot growth was higher in apical shoots and it was not stimulated by the presence of auxin. A number of experiments were conducted to identify suitable procedures for rooting of in vitro produced shoots. The best results in terms of in vitro rooting were obtained with Andersons modified medium with macrosalts reduced to one-half, regardless of the auxin or its concentration in the medium. Although rooting frequency rose to 97% by basal immersion of shoots in auxin concentrated solution followed by in vitro culture on an auxin-free medium, the survival of the plants after 6 months of acclimatization was poor (50%). Best results (100% rooting and survival) were observed for ex vitro rooting. The micropropagated plants from this study were successfully reintroduced into their natural habitat (87% of survival after 8 months). 相似文献
15.
Anna Piovan Rosy Caniato Elsa Mariella Cappelletti Raffaella Filippini 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,100(3):309-315
Efficient plant regeneration systems both from shoot segments and via callus organogenesis were developed for Kosteletzkya pentacarpos (L.) Ledeb., a rare and endangered Eurasian species. In the experiments with existing meristems, factors affecting shoot
proliferation, including explant type, i.e. decapitated and intact shoots, and plant growth regulators, indole-3-acetic acid
or kinetin, were investigated. Shoot proliferation was significantly affected by the type of explant, the hormones and their
interaction. The highest shoot multiplication rate was obtained from decapitated shoots. Increasing kinetin concentration
promoted shoot elongation regardless of explant type. In intact shoots, shoot length was also affected by increasing auxin
concentration, although this effect tends to decrease with higher concentration. Decapitated shoots were not responsive to
the addition of auxin. Micropropagation through organogenesis from callus was also investigated. Calli were obtained from
leaf, stem internode and root explants. Only the leaf-derived calli produced shoots and indole-3-acetic acid favoured increased
numbers of shoots. A number of experiments were conducted for rooting of in vitro produced shoots. All of them induced high
rooting frequency, the number and the length of roots being dependent on the strength of the basal medium. The use of 1–2 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid resulted in refining the optimal concentration for root elongation. The regenerated plants (70%) survived
and flowered in their first vegetative period. 相似文献
16.
Bilal Haider Abbasi Murad Khan Bin Guo Saleem Ahmed Bokhari Mir Ajab Khan 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,105(3):337-344
The regeneration potential and antioxidative enzyme activities of economically important Brassica rapa var. turnip were evaluated. Calli were induced from leaf explants of seed-derived plantlets on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium incorporated
with different concentrations of various plant growth regulators (PGRs). The highest leaf explant response (83%) was recorded
for 2.0 mg l−1 benzyladenine (BA) and 1.0 mg l−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Subsequent subculturing of callus after 3 weeks of culture, on medium with similar compositions
of PGRs, induced shoot organogenesis. The highest shoot induction response (83%) was recorded for 5.0 mg l−1 BA after 5 weeks of transfer. However, 7.8 shoots/explant were recorded for 2.0 mg l−1 BA. The transferring of shoots to elongation medium resulted in 5.1-cm-long shoots on 10 mg l−1 of gibberellic acid (GA3). Rooted plantlets were obtained on MS medium containing different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA). The determination
of activities of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], ascorbate peroxidase [APX], catalase [CAT], glutathione
peroxidase [GPX], and peroxidase [POD]) revealed involvement of these enzymes in callus formation and differentiation. All
of the activities were interlinked with each other and played significant roles in the scavenging of toxic free radicals.
This study will help in the advancement of a regeneration protocol for B. rapa var. turnip and the understanding of the functions of antioxidative enzymes in plant differentiation. 相似文献
17.
Guirong Qiao Jing Zhou Jing Jiang Yuehua Sun Luanyin Pan Honggai Song Jingmin Jiang Renying Zhuo Xiaojuan Wang Zongxiu Sun 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(2):163-170
Malaxis acuminata is a terrestrial orchid that grows in shady areas of semi-evergreen to shrubby forests. It is highly valued for its medicinal
properties as dried pseudo-bulbs are important ingredients of several Ayurvedic preparations. In this study, adventitious
shoot buds were induced from internodal explants of M. acuminata grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (Kn),
and thidiazuron (TDZ). Of the three cytokinins used, TDZ at 3 mg l−1 induced the highest frequency (82%) of organogenic explants. However, all responding explants produced only a single adventitious
shoot irrespective of the type and concentration of the cytokinin. Adding 0.5 mg l−1 α naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) to the medium enhanced adventitious shoot formation. In the presence of 3 mg l−1 TDZ and 0.5 mg l−1 NAA, frequency of organogenesis was 96% with a mean number of 6.1 shoots per explant. Prolonged culture or subculture on
the same medium did not promote further shoot production. However, transfer of these cultures to MS medium supplemented with
3 mg l−1 TDZ and 0.5 mg l−1 NAA and various concentrations of different polyamines (PAs), including spermine, spermidine, and putrescine, significantly
increased mean shoot number per explant. The highest frequency of shoot induction (100%) and mean shoot number per explant
(14.6) was observed on MS medium with 3 mg l−1 TDZ, 0.5 mg l−1 NAA, and 0.4 mM spermidine. Regenerated shoots were excised and subcultured on an elongation medium consisting of MS medium
with 3 mg l−1 BA. Moreover, the highest frequency of rooting (96%) and mean number of roots per shoot (3.3) was observed on MS medium with
4 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1.5 mg l−1 activated charcoal (AC). Almost 90% of rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized and established ex vitro. 相似文献
18.
Ely Zayova Ira Stancheva Maria Geneva Maria Petrova Rumiana Vasilevska-Ivanova 《Central European Journal of Biology》2012,7(4):698-707
An effective in vitro protocol for rapid clonal propagation of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench through tissue culture was described. The in vitro propagation procedure consisted of four stages: 1) an initial stage - obtaining seedlings on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal
medium with 0.1 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.1 mg L−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid and 0.2 mg L−1 gibberellic acid; 2) a propagation stage — shoot formation on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine alone resulted in 9.8 shoots per explant and in combination with 0.1 mg L−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid resulted in 16.2 shoots per explant; 3) rooting stage — shoot rooting on half strength MS medium
with 0.1 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid resulted in 90% rooted microplants; 4) ex vitro acclimatization of plants. The mix of peat and perlite was the most suitable planting substrate for hardening and ensured
high survival frequency of propagated plants. Significant higher levels were observed regarding water-soluble and lipid-soluble
antioxidant capacities (expressed as equivalents of ascorbate and α-tocopherol) and total pnenols content in extracts of Echinaceae flowers derived from in vitro propagated plants and adapted to field conditions in comparison with traditionally cultivated plants. 相似文献
19.
The organogenic competence of leaf explants of eleven Carthamus species including C. tinctorius on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) + α-naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA) + NAA was investigated. Highly prolific adventitious shoot regeneration was observed in
C. tinctorius and C. arborescens on both growth regulator combinations and the shoot regeneration frequency was higher on medium supplemented with TDZ + NAA.
Nodal culture of nine Carthamus species on media supplemented with BA and kinetin (KIN) individually revealed the superiority of media supplemented with
BA over that of KIN in facilitating a higher shoot proliferation index. Proliferating shoots from axillary buds and leaf explants
were transferred to medium supplemented with 1.0 mg dm−3 KIN or 0.5 mg dm−3 BA for shoot elongation. Elongated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg dm−3 each of indole-butyric acid (IBA) and phloroglucinol. The plantlets thus obtained were hardened and transferred to soil. 相似文献
20.
Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim (meadowsweet) is a medicinal plant that is claimed to have several biological activities, including anti-tumor,
anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, anti-coagulant, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-microbial, anti-arthritic, and immunomodulatory properties.
This report describes, for the first time, an efficient plant regeneration system for F. ulmaria via adventitious shoot development from leaf, petiole, and root explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s minimal organics
medium containing different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ), benzyladenine, and kinetin either alone or in combination
with different auxins. Relatively extensive/prolific shoot regeneration was observed in all three explant types with TDZ in
combination with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Gibberellic acid (GA3), TDZ, and IAA combinations were also tested. The best shoot proliferation was observed among root explants cultured on media
supplemented with 0.45 μM TDZ + 2.85 μM IAA + 1.44 μM GA3. Regenerated shoots were transferred to rooting media containing different concentrations of either IAA, indole-3-butyric
acid (IBA), naphthalene acetic acid, or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Most shoots developed roots on medium with 2.46 μM
IBA. Rooted explants were transferred to vermiculite in Magenta containers for a 2-wk acclimatization period and then finally
to plastic pots containing potting soil. The plantlets in soil were kept in growth chambers for 2 wk before transferring to
greenhouse conditions. 相似文献