pH对兼性嗜碱菌Alcaligenes sp.XJ-T-1产生物破乳剂性能的影响

从受石油污染土壤中筛选出一株生物破乳剂产生菌Alcaligenes sp.XJ-T-1,生长的最适初始pH范围为9.0～11.0,为兼性嗜碱菌,能在初始pH 6.0～pH 11.0生长并产生生物破乳剂,但只有在碱性环境下才产生胞外产物。XJ-T-1菌悬液和胞外产物溶液可将蒸馏水表面张力分别降低到30 mN/m左右和35 mN/m左右。经过TLC分析,初步推测XJ-T-1产生的胞外产物为脂肽类和糖脂类的混合物。XJ-T-1菌悬液主要针对O/W型乳状液破乳,胞外产物主要针对W/O型乳状液破乳,初始pH 9.0培养下的菌悬液和胞外产物破乳效果最好。投加210 mg/L菌悬液可使O/W型乳状液在24 h的破乳率达77.5%,投加40 mg/L胞外粗产物溶液可使W/O型乳状液在24 h的破乳率达90.0%。通过透射电镜照片推测,随着培养pH提高到9.0以上,胞外产物的产生使XJ-T-1利用石蜡的过程发生变化。     

Dietzia sp. S-JS-1利用废弃油脂生产生物破乳剂的研究

生物破乳剂是近期开发出来的用于油水分离的新型破乳剂。本研究利用从受石油污染的土壤中筛选得到、并采用16S rRNA鉴定为Dietzia sp.的一株破乳剂产生菌, 在以废弃油脂MWFO、SWFO为碳源培养下, 得到的生物破乳剂的粗重为4 g/L、3.5 g/L; 对于W/O、O/W模型乳状液的破乳效果均可超过以液体石蜡产生的破乳剂, 且以SWFO废弃油脂培养得到的生物破乳剂可以同时应用于两种模型乳状液的使用。对于碳源利用方面Dietzia sp.在利用两种废弃油脂脂肪酸的过程中, 都是优先利用C16和C18的脂肪酸, 但对于两种废弃油脂的利用率上存在一定差异。采用TLC和FTIR分析发现, 3种碳源培养得到的生物破乳剂均为脂肽类生物破乳剂, 其破乳剂的化学结构还有待进一步研究。     

利用响应面法优化Bacillus natto TK-1产脂肽发酵培养基

用响应面法对Bacillus natto TK-1发酵产脂肽的培养基进行了优化。首先用Plackett-Burman法筛选出三个影响较大的重要因素,分别为：蛋白胨、酵母粉、CaCl2 ,然后进行最陡爬坡实验逼近最佳响应面区域,最后通过Box-Behnken设计,利用SAS软件进行回归分析,得到各因素的最佳浓度。在优化培养基条件下,发酵液的溶血圈直径较初始培养基提高了29.3 %,脂肽的产量提高了约30%。     

少动鞘脂单胞菌产结冷胶发酵培养基的响应面法优化

通过单因素试验分析不同碳源、氮源、无机盐对（Sphingomonas paucimobilisFJAT-5627）产胶量的影响,确定最适碳源、氮源、无机盐,并在单因素筛选试验的基础上,利用Box-Benhnken设计和响应面分析法对碳源、氮源和无机盐进行优化,得到少动鞘脂单胞菌产生结冷肢发酵培养基最佳优化组合.实验结果表明,少动鞘脂单胞菌产胶量发酵最适碳源、氮源和无机盐分别为淀粉、豆饼粉和KH₂PO₄.响应面法得到产胶量（Y）与碳源淀粉（x₁）、氮源豆饼粉（x₂）和无机盐KH₂PO₄（x₃）的回归方程为:Y=13.87+0.54x₁+0.22x₂-0.42x₃-3.26x₁²-1.85x₂²-1.51x₃²+0.053x₁x₂+0.067x₁x₃+0.4x₂x₃.优化培养基组合为:淀粉浓度为30g/L,豆饼粉浓度为5 g/L,KH₂PO₄的浓度为0.7g/L,且此组合下少动鞘脂假单胞发酵得到结冷胶可达23.87g/L.     

Dietzia sp.S-JS-1利用煎炸废油生产生物破乳剂及其性能研究

以前期研究中筛选得到的破乳剂产生菌Dietzia sp.S-JS-1为研究对象,采用煎炸废油为培养碳源,考察菌株的生物量和表面张力,研究处理方式、温度、乳状液pH对破乳剂在两种模型乳状液W/O型(water in oil)和O/W型(oilin water)中破乳性能的影响,并初步分析生物破乳剂成分。结果表明:菌株最大生物量为2.6 g/L,其产生的破乳剂能够将纯水表面张力从72.0 mN/m降低到32.5 mN/m。冻融对破乳剂效果的影响小于高温灭菌;破乳剂经冷冻干燥处理后的破乳效果明显好于烘干处理;破乳剂在35℃～75℃时具有较好的破乳效果,脱水率均在75%以上;破乳剂在W/O型乳状液中的效果随着pH变大而逐渐增加,pH=10时的脱水率高达99.8%,而在O/W型乳状液中,pH=7时的脱水率最高,为90%左右。薄层色谱结果表明S-JS-1利用煎炸油生产的生物破乳剂可能含有5种脂肽类物质。     

生物破乳剂产生菌混合培养及其发酵条件的优化

【目的】对菌株L1和XH1的混合发酵条件进行优化,为混合菌发酵生物破乳剂的实际生产和应用提供理论依据。【方法】利用响应面实验(RSM)的中心组合旋转设计方法(CCRD)针对混合菌的发酵条件进行优化,通过对模型乳状液进行破乳实验,以排油率作为发酵液破乳效能的评价标准。【结果】经模型的分析与验证,确定最佳发酵条件为：种子液比例(L1:XH1)为3:2,葡萄糖投加时间为第4天,投加葡萄糖后再培养21 h,液体石蜡含量3.6% (体积比)。【结论】与破乳菌XH1和L1单独培养相比,经混合培养后获得复合生物破乳剂具有投加量少、破乳接触时间短的优势。同时双株破乳菌复配培养有效地提高了培养基中主要营养物质的利用率,减少了对底物的浪费。     

响应面法优化赖氨酸脱羧酶产酶培养基

目的:对蜂房哈夫尼菌产L-赖氨酸脱羧酶培养基进行优化.方法:采用响应面优化的方法.首先单因素实验得到最适培养基成分为:葡萄糖2%,酵母膏2%,MsSO40.03%,KH2PO40.01%,NaCl 0.3%,L-赖氨酸0.5%,维生素B6 0.1%,玉米浆4%,酶活达到180.85U/mL.在此基础上,用PB试验筛选出对酶活影响显著的3个因素(葡萄糖、酵母膏、玉米浆),再通过Box-behnken实验对这三个因素进行优化.结果:得到产酶最佳培养基为葡萄糖1.84%,酵母膏2.20%,玉米浆3.66%,MgSO40.03%,K2HPO4 0.01%,NaCl 0.3%,L-赖氨酸0.5%,维生素B60.1%.结论:响应面优化的方法使酶活达到203.14U/mL,比优化前的比酶活(7.03U/ML)提高28.9倍,在单因素的基础上提高了11.3%.     

响应面分析法优化大豆肽发酵培养基

采用响应面分析法对大豆肽发酵培养基进行优化,首先采用二水平Plackett-Burman设计对影响大豆肽发酵的8个因素进行筛选,获得影响最大的3个因素为料水比、MgSO_4、糖蜜.再利用响应面分析法对这3个因素进行优化,确定最佳培养基条件为料水比为1∶1.149、MgSO_4浓度为0.048%、糖蜜浓度为0.294%,在此条件下,优化后的大豆肽含量为21.74%,试验值与模型预测值只有1.21%的误差.     

响应面法优化枯草芽孢杆菌产脂肪酶的合成培养基

对枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)CICC20034利用合成培养基液体发酵产脂肪酶的条件进行了优化。首先采用单因子实验筛选出最适诱导剂为三丁酸甘油酯,氮源为尿素,碳源为葡萄糖,无机盐为MgSO4。在此基础上,利用Plackett-Burman设计对影响产酶因素的效应进行评价,筛选出具有显著效应的三丁酸甘油酯、尿素、KH2PO4和培养基起始pH值4个最显著的因素。用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大产酶区域后,利用响应面中心组合设计对显著因素进行优化,获得最适合成培养基组分为:葡萄糖8g/L,尿素8.57g/L,三丁酸甘油酯2.62%,KH2PO42.59g/L,MgSO4.7H2O0.5g/L,TritonX-1000.5g/L,pH9.47。优化后的B.subtilis CICC 20034胞外脂肪酶活力达0.483U/ml,比初始酶活力0.072U/ml提高了6.7倍。     

响应面法优化两歧双歧杆菌发酵培养基

根据两歧双歧杆菌的营养需要和生长特性,采用响应面分析法对两歧双歧杆菌的培养基进行优化研究。先用Plackett-Burman设计法实验确定重要因素,再用最陡爬坡实验法确定因素水平,最后用响应面分析方法求得的最佳培养基配方为经优化的发酵培养基配方为:酪蛋白胨1.0%,大豆蛋白胨0.5%,酵母膏1.63%,半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.0076%,低聚果糖0.13%,葡萄糖0.5%,K2HPO4 0.2%。用此优化的发酵培养基培养两歧双歧杆菌,活菌数可高达7.8×10~9 cfu/ml。     

响应面法优化Burkholderiasp．SYBCLIP—Y发酵产低温脂肪酶条件的研究

用响应面法对Burkholderiasp．SYBCLIP—Y液体发酵产低温脂肪酶的发酵条件进行了快速优化。首先利用Plackett—Burman设计对影响其产酶相关因素进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的三个因素：牛肉膏,橄榄油,TritonX-100;用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大产酶区域后,利用响应面中心组合设计对显著因素进行优化,确定出牛肉膏,橄榄油,TritonX-100的最佳浓度分别为：牛肉膏31．8g／L、橄榄油21mL／L、TritonX-10036．55mL／L,优化后脂肪酶的酶活达到61．52U／mL,是优化前的2．62倍。     

Evaluation of screening methods for demulsifying bacteria and characterization of lipopeptide bio-demulsifier produced by Alcaligenes sp

In this paper, surface tension measurement, oil-spreading test and blood-plate hemolysis test were attempted in the screening of demulsifying bacteria. After the comparison to the screening results obtained in demulsification test, 50 mN/m of surface tension of culture was proposed as a preliminary screening standard for potential demulsifying bacteria. For the identification of efficient demulsifying strains, surface tension level was set at 40 mN/m. The detected strains were further verified in demulsification test. Compared to using demulsification test alone as screening method, the proposed screening protocol would be more efficient. From the screening, a highly efficient demulsifying stain, S-XJ-1, was isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil and identified as Alcaligenes sp. by 16S rRNA gene and physiological test. It achieved 96.5% and 49.8% of emulsion breaking ratio in W/O and O/W kerosene emulsion within 24h, respectively, and also showed 95% of water separation ratio in oilfield petroleum emulsion within 2h. The bio-demulsifier was found to be cell-wall combined. After soxhlet extraction and purification through silicon-gel column, the bio-demulsifier was then identified as lipopeptide biosurfactant by TLC and FT-IR.     

根霉纤溶酶发酵条件的优化

研究了不同培养基对中国根霉１２号（Ｒｈｉｚｏｐｕｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｓｉｓ１２）发酵生产纤溶酶的影响,发现Ｃ／Ｎ的降低有利于产酶,同时用正产实验给出了最佳培养条件为：以麸皮水＋胰蛋白胨＋豆渣为培养基,接种量２０％,转速１７０ｒ／ｍｉｎ;用响应面设计确定了最佳培养基为４．３６６６１％麸皮水＋０．９８９７５％胰蛋白胨＋４．８９８９５％豆渣;在最优条件下,纤溶酶的发酵效价可达３．０６Ｕ／ｍｌ。发现添加金属离子     

响应面法优化荷叶离褶伞菌丝体产漆酶条件

为了对荷叶离褶伞产漆酶条件进行优化,在单因素实验基础上,通过最陡爬坡实验(PB)对培养基8因素进行筛选,获得影响产漆酶的3个显著性因素:葡萄糖,pH和KH₂PO₄;通过中心组合(CCD)设计及响应面分析确定了最优发酵条件:葡萄糖20.09g/L,酪蛋白1.5g/L,酵母提取物1.5g/L,MgSO₄ 3g/L,CuSO₄ 3.75mg/L,KH₂PO₄ 3.97g/L,pH 4.98,VB₁ 0.1g/L,愈创木酚12mg/L,该条件下,漆酶酶活为829.83U/mL,较未优化对照提高46.6%.     

响应面法优化松茸发酵产多糖的培养条件

运用响应面法对松茸产多糖的发酵培养条件进行优化研究。首先根据C、N源实验结果,利用Plackett-Bur-man设计,对影响多糖产量的相关因素进行评估,筛选出具有显著效应的3个因素:玉米粉、豆粕和KH2PO4。在此基础上,利用最陡爬坡试验逼近以上3个因素的最大响应区域,采用Box-Behnken设计法对各因素的水平组合进行优化,获得松茸产多糖优化发酵的培养条件:玉米粉质量分数4.54%,豆粕质量分数4.96%,KH2PO4质量分数0.15%,MgSO4.7H2O质量分数0.05%,VB1质量分数0.001%,初始pH5.5,摇床转速180 r/min,发酵时间10 d。在此优化培养条件下松茸总多糖产量可达5.97 g/L。     

Optimization of fermentation conditions for production of anti-TMV extracellular ribonuclease by Bacillus cereus using response surface methodology

Bacillus cereus ZH14 was previously found to produce a new type of antiviral ribonuclease, which was secreted into medium and active against tobacco mosaic virus. In order to enhance the ribonuclease production, in this study the optimization of culture conditions using response surface methodology was done. The fermentation variables including culture temperature, initial pH, inoculum size, sucrose, yeast extract, MgSO₄·7H₂O, and KNO₃ were considered for selection of significant ones by using the Plackett–Burman design, and four significant variables (sucrose, yeast extract, MgSO₄·7H₂O, and KNO₃) were further optimized by a 2⁴ factorial central composite design. The optimal combination of the medium constituents for maximum ribonuclease production was determined as 8.50 g/l sucrose, 9.30 g/l yeast extract, 2.00 g/l MgSO₄·7H₂O, and 0.62 g/l KNO₃. The enzyme activity was increased by 60%. This study will be helpful to the future commercial development of the new bacteria-based antiviral ribonuclease fermentation process.     

响应面法快速优化曲霉Aspergillus sp.F044产脂肪酶培养条件

运用逐因子试验(Seriatim-Factorial Experiment)、Plackett-Burman、Response Surface Methodology(RSM)和单因子试验(Monofactorial Experiment)分析对产脂肪酶曲霉Aspergillus sp.F044产酶培养条件进行了快速优化。首先运用逐因子试验确定Aspergillus sp.F044产脂肪酶最适碳源和氮源,分别为麦芽糖和牛肉膏。在此基础上,通过Plackett-Burrman设计对影响其产酶相关因素进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的橄榄油、牛肉膏、硫酸镁三个因素。然后通过实验拟合上述三因素与发酵液脂肪酶活力的一阶线性模型,沿着一阶模型给定的路径进行最速上升试验,在上升最高点处由中心组合试验和向应面分析确定其最优培养基组成;最后通过单因子试验确定最适发酵温度和摇床转速。试验优化的最优培养条件为:麦芽糖1.5%(w/v),硫酸铵7‰(w/v),磷酸氢二钾1‰(w/v),牛肉膏1.25%(w/v),硫酸镁2.11‰(w/v),橄榄油1.41%(v/v),自然pH,250r/min和30℃培养72h酶活达32.15U/mL。与初始11.18U相比,酶活提高2.88倍。     

Optimization of L-asparaginase production from novel Enterobacter sp., by submerged fermentation using response surface methodology

The culture conditions and nutritional rations influencing the production of extra cellular antileukemic enzyme by novel Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC2190/MTCC111 were optimized in shake-flask culture. Process variables like pH, temperature, incubation time, carbon and nitrogen sources, inducer concentration, and inoculum size were taken into account. In the present study, finest enzyme activity achieved by traditional one variable at a time method was 7.6 IU/mL which was a 2.6-fold increase compared to the initial value. Further, the L-asparaginase production was optimized using response surface methodology, and validated experimental result at optimized process variables gave 18.35 IU/mL of L-asparaginase activity, which is 2.4-times higher than the traditional optimization approach. The study explored the E. aerogenes MTCC111 as a potent and potential bacterial source for high yield of antileukemic drug.     

响应面法对微拟球藻产微藻蛋白的发酵条件优化

以稳定期微藻蛋白浓度为评价指标,利用响应面设计对微拟球藻(Nannochloropsis gaditana)的分批发酵条件进行优化。在单因素试验的基础上,选取温度、p H、搅拌速度及通气量为影响因子,采用四因素三水平的Box-Benhnken中心组合法设计试验。结果表明:微拟球藻的最佳发酵条件为温度30℃、p H 6.9、搅拌速度340 r/min以及通气量0.65 vvm,在此优化条件下得到微藻蛋白浓度为6.18 g/L,与模型预测值基本相符,较优化前提高了9.18%。