禽流感病毒M2e、NP多表位嵌合肽抗原的构建及免疫原性

摘要: 【目的】为了克服传统禽流感疫苗各亚型之间无交叉保护的缺陷,研制抗禽流感通用型疫苗。【方法】 以禽流感病毒M2e、NP表位为基础串联T细胞表位构建4个原核表达载体: pET-3M2e、pET-3M2e-NP1,2-Fc、pET-3M2e-NP1,2、pET-TCE-3M2e-NP1,2。纯化重组蛋白并与弗氏佐剂混合制成疫苗,胸部肌肉注射免疫20日龄非免鸡(150μg/只),4个融合蛋白分为四组,每组十只。ELISA方法检测血清中M2e抗体水平;在MDCK细胞上检测血清与H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的结合能力,在鸡胚上检测其中和能力;以流式细胞仪测定CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞的变化。【结果】研究发现,各免疫组均能检测到高水平的ELISA抗体,免疫荧光显示抗血清均能跟病毒特异性结合,中和试验表明抗血清不能中和病毒但能抑制病毒的复制。流式细胞仪检测显示外周血CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞所占比例在免疫后均有明显升高(P<0.05),TCE-3M2e-NP1, 2组CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞所占比例分别达到47.23%和36.77%,具有细胞免疫的特征。【结论】构建的嵌合肽抗原具有较好的免疫原性,能刺激机体产生体液和细胞免疫,为进一步研制抗禽流感通用型疫苗做出有益的探索。     

以结核杆菌hsp70为载体的“通用型”禽流感疫苗构建及免疫效力研究

化学合成H5N1亚型禽流感病毒M2蛋白N端胞外域基因序列3拷贝基因(3M2e),与人结核杆菌hsp70蛋白基因融合,克隆至原核表达载体pET-32a(+),构建表达载体pET-3M2e 与pET-3M2e-hsp70。重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21,经IPTG诱导重组蛋白获得表达,通过镍亲和层析获得纯化的融合蛋白,利用Western blot鉴定重组蛋白免疫原性。将纯化的重组蛋白免疫20日龄的禽流感非免鸡,以人工合成的M2e与KLH偶联后免疫鸡作为阳性对照,以pET-32a(+)载体蛋白注射组作为阴性对照,初免后2周加强免疫。通过抗M2e抗体检测、 细胞病变抑制试验与间接免疫荧光试验评价重组蛋白免疫后产生的体液免疫反应; 利用流式细胞分群及细胞因子产量检测评价重组蛋白免疫后产生的细胞免疫反应。加强免疫后4周用100EID50的H9N2亚型AIV攻毒,通过Real-time PCR检测攻毒后3、5、7天免疫鸡泄殖腔棉拭子中病毒的含量。结果表明,重组蛋白3M2e hsp70免疫组能够刺激免疫鸡产生较高的抗体水平及细胞免疫应答,并且攻毒后泄殖腔棉拭子中病毒含量明显降低。     

A型禽流感病毒M2e重组T7噬菌体疫苗构建及免疫原性研究

构建展示A型禽流感病毒M2e多肽的重组T7噬菌体,检测其对SPF鸡的免疫保护效果。比对GenBank近期发表的A型禽流感病毒M2e基因序列进行人工合成并重复至两拷贝,将其克隆到T7Select 415-1b噬菌体多克隆位点,构建重组噬菌体T7-M2e。经PCR鉴定并序列测定筛选阳性重组噬菌体,SDS-PAGE和Westernblot检测重组噬菌体表面M2e多肽。重组噬菌体以1×1010pfu/只剂量免疫SPF鸡,免疫后不同时间段采血通过ELSIA检测血清中抗M2e抗体,免疫荧光检测血清抗体与H9亚型禽流感病毒的结合能力,并以200个EID50/只剂量进行攻毒保护效率检测。成功构建重组噬菌体T7-M2e,插入两拷贝M2e基因获得表面展示,并与M2e抗体有免疫反应活性。噬菌体疫苗免疫后均产生抗M2e抗体,其抗血清能跟病毒粒子特异性结合,攻毒保护率达4/5(80%)。获得了展示禽流感病毒M2e多肽的重组噬菌体,噬菌体疫苗免疫鸡产生较高血清抗体并提供攻毒保护,为新型通用禽流感疫苗研制提供新思路。     

4种禽流感病毒M2e多肽的串联表达和小鼠口服免疫效果

为研制广谱性禽流感口服疫苗,将4种禽流感病毒特异的基质蛋白2胞外区(matrix protein 2 ectodomain,M2e)多肽与黏膜免疫佐剂CTA1-DD串联,原核表达并纯化CTA1DD-AVI4M2e融合蛋白。以200 μg融合蛋白CTA1DD-AVI4M2e口服免疫BALB/c小鼠,结果显示实验组肠液IgA抗体效价和血清IgG抗体效价比对照组显著升高,血清中特异性IgG抗体效价达约360倍。分割的3段肠样中：第1段浸出液IgA抗体效价约为360倍,第2段约为120倍,第3段约为 9 720 倍。结果表明,本研究制备的CTA1DD-AVI4M2e具有显著口服免疫效果,为后续研究提供了基础。     

不同佐剂对人乳头瘤病毒16型L2E7E6蛋白免疫效果的影响

目的:研究CpG佐剂、弗氏佐剂、聚肌胞苷酸佐剂及左旋咪唑、西米替丁作为佐剂对人乳头瘤病毒16型L2E7E6融合蛋白在小鼠体内产生的免疫效果的影响。方法:以单独蛋白组、蛋白加各佐剂组分别肌肉注射免疫C57BL/6小鼠,检测不同佐剂诱发小鼠产生的体液免疫和细胞免疫应答水平,并观察其对小鼠肿瘤生长的抑制作用。结果:各免疫组均能检测到高滴度的抗L2、E7、E6蛋白IgG抗体(以IgG1为主),其中弗氏佐剂能显著提高E6蛋白的IgG和IgG1抗体水平和E7蛋白的IgG1抗体水平(P<0.05),CpG佐剂明显提高了E7蛋白的IgG2a抗体水平(P<0.01);而西米替丁佐剂则降低了E7抗原的IgG抗体水平(P<0.05);同时可以检测到CpG佐剂组能诱发小鼠产生针对E7、E6较强的细胞免疫反应,且能抑制70%的荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长;此外弗氏佐剂与聚肌胞苷酸佐剂可产生较弱的针对E7肽的细胞免疫反应,能延缓荷瘤小鼠肿瘤形成时间,与单纯蛋白组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:CpG佐剂、弗氏佐剂和聚肌胞苷酸佐剂都能提高人乳头瘤病毒16型L2E7E6融合蛋白的细胞免疫反应水平和抑制肿瘤生长能力,其中CpG佐剂效果较好,为促进该蛋白作为疫苗的研发提供了实验依据。     

东方马脑炎E2蛋白原核表达及免疫活性初步研究

为构建东方马脑炎病毒E2基因原核表达载体,完成E2蛋白表达及其免疫活性研究。利用PCR方法扩增E2编码全基因,大小为1 260 bp,将酶切后目的片段连接到原核表达载体pET-30a(+)上,构建成重组质粒pET30a(+)-EEEV-E2,采用酶切和测序分析方法鉴定正确的重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21中,诱导E2蛋白表达,并用SDS-PAGE电泳和Western-blotting分析和鉴定目的蛋白;最后,用纯化的E2蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,小鼠随机分成4组:PBS对照组、弗氏佐剂对照组、E2蛋白免疫组和E2蛋白+弗氏佐剂免疫组,每组小鼠免疫2次,两次免疫间隔时间为14天,免疫剂量均为100μL/只;小鼠初次免疫后第10天,用细胞因子ELISA试剂盒检测血清中IL-6、IL-12与TNF-α的浓度,加强免疫后第14天,用EEEV的假病毒检测血清中E2蛋白抗体的中和作用。结果表明完成了E2基因的原核表达载体pET30a(+)-E2构建和成功表达了带有His标签的E2融合蛋白,蛋白以包涵体形式存在,大小为53.0 kDa;免疫小鼠血清中产生了高水平的IL-6、IL-12与TNF-α和具有较强中和作用的E2蛋白抗体。研究结果为今后E2蛋白作为基因工程亚单位疫苗的研究提供了重要参考。     

流感病毒M2蛋白胞外区与铜绿假单胞菌外毒素A融合蛋白的表达及其免疫原性研究

本研究构建了表达甲型流感病毒M2蛋白胞外区与铜绿假单胞菌外毒素A(PEA)融合蛋白的原核表达载体,根据铜绿假单胞菌外毒素A(PEA)核苷酸序列设计突变PCR引物并实施突变PCR,以获得PEA基因编码区第553位氨基酸密码子缺失的突变PEA(ntPE),从而产生无毒性的PEA突变基因,然后用合成的M2e编码区替换ntPE基因中的非必需区Ib,产生ntPE-M2e嵌合基因。将该嵌合基因导入pET表达载体以构建原核表达载体,将表达产物胶回收后与弗氏不完全佐剂联合皮下免疫BALB/c小鼠,终免两周后用5个LD50流感病毒A/PR/34/8株进行攻击。取动物血清作ELISA并取脾脏作ELISPOT试验结果表明,免疫组可以诱导小鼠产生抗M2e特异性抗体反应和细胞免疫反应并能够抑制病毒在肺内的复制。本研究为甲型流感病毒广谱疫苗的进一步研发打下了基础。     

含禽流感病毒M2e 氨基端抗原表位的重组传染性法氏囊病毒VP2 蛋白的免疫原性鉴定

【目的】构建传染性法氏囊病毒VP2蛋白展示禽流感M2e抗原表位的重组蛋白,研发预防H5或H9亚型禽流感和传染性法氏囊的基因工程疫苗。【方法】根据现有禽流感疫苗株M2e的氨基端12个氨基酸多肽序列(nM2e)序列,结合GenBank中H5和H9亚型禽流感病毒nM2e的比对结果,确定nM2e序列。用融合PCR分别将1拷贝H5或H9的nM2e序列插入IBD B87株VP2基因的PBC区,获得VP2BCnM2e重组基因。将重组基因克隆至杆状病毒表达系统,转染Sf9细胞进行表达。经间接免疫荧光和Western blotting检测Sf9细胞表达重组基因后,扩繁重组病毒,制备疫苗,间隔4周对非免鸡作2次重复免疫,用间接ELISA和鸡胚成纤维细胞中的病毒血清中和试验检测血清中VP2和nM2e的抗体效价。【结果】成功构建含H5或H9 nM2e的VP2BCnM2e重组基因,该重组基因在Sf9细胞中得到表达。经免疫鸡,两重组蛋白均能激发针对VP2和nM2e的抗体,VP2BCnM2eH5组抗体效价高于VP2BCnM2eH9组。【结论】两重组蛋白均具有免疫原性,VP2BCnM2eH5免疫原性更佳。     

H9N2型禽流感病毒核蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

目的:利用大肠杆菌表达H9N2禽流感病毒(AIV)核蛋白(NP)与GST的融合蛋白并分离纯化,进行动物免疫制备多克隆抗体。方法:根据AIV NP基因序列设计引物,将已经获得的NP基因定向克隆到GST融合原核表达载体pGEX-KG并转化大肠杆菌,在IPTG诱导下获得高效表达。经谷胱甘肽层析柱分离纯化蛋白,制备抗原免疫家兔,得到pGEX-KG-NP多克隆抗体。结果:SDS-PAGE分析显示融合表达蛋白GST-NP相对分子质量约82 000,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的20%。Western-blot和ELISA检测结果表明,重组NP能与鸡抗AIV抗体发生明显的抗原抗体反应。自制的多克隆抗体能特异地与NP相互作用,可用于AIV病原诊断。结论:获得了NP基因的高效表达产物;制备了效价和特异性良好的抗重组NP多克隆抗体。经实验验证表达产物具有活性,多克隆抗体效价高,特异性强,为AIV病原诊断试剂的研发奠定了基础。     

新疆栽培一枝蒿粗多糖对OVA抗体水平及T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

初步探讨新疆栽培一枝蒿未除蛋白的粗多糖(Un-deproteinization of cultivated Artemisia rupestris L.crude polysaccharides,UCARCP)对模式抗原卵清白蛋白(Ovalbumin,OVA)免疫小鼠后抗体水平以及T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。将UCARCP配伍OVA皮下免疫小鼠,初免1次,加强1次,铝佐剂为阳性对照组,间接ELISA法检测小鼠血清中IgG及亚类IgG_1、IgG_(2a)的抗体水平;流式细胞术检测脾细胞中CD3~+CD4~+和CD3~+CD8~+T淋巴细胞亚群的含量。结果显示,UCARCP能显著提高小鼠血清中Ig G、IgG_1、IgG_(2a)的抗体水平(P0.05),且与铝佐剂组相比无显著性差异(P0.05);UCARCP能显著促进CD3+CD4+和CD3+CD8+T细胞亚群的含量(P0.05),与铝佐剂组相比没有显著差异(P0.05)。新疆栽培一枝蒿未除蛋白的粗多糖能显著促进模式抗原OVA免疫后小鼠的体液免疫水平和细胞免疫水平,与铝佐剂相当。     

Possible role of peripheral CD14low monocytes in the development of collagen-induced arthritis in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).

The changes in levels of peripheral major lymphocyte subsets were monitored with 10 adult cynomolgus monkeys (5 females and 5 males) during the 9 weeks after immunization with chick type-II collagen in Freund's complete adjuvant. Three females and 3 males developed overt arthritis determined by swelling of small joints and increase of plasma alkaline phosphatase as well as C-reactive protein. An increase of CD16+ NK cells was observed in four non-arthritis-developed monkeys (two females and two males). There was no significant difference in the fluctuation pattern of CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell and CD20+ B cell levels between arthritis-developed monkeys and non-developed ones. In addition, the percentages of CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells to total CD4+ T cells, CD28- CD8+ T cells to total CD8+ T cells, and IgD- B cells to total B cells did not significantly differ between them. On the other hand, a significant increase was demonstrated in CD14-positive cells at 3 weeks after immunization in only arthritis-developed monkeys regardless of sex. The expression of CD14 antigen on the surface of increased cells was low in comparison with those appearing in blood obtained before immunization. In addition, increased CD14low cells showed no response to LPS stimulation. However, there was no significant difference in antibody titer to both chick type-II and monkey type-II collagen between arthritis-developed monkeys and non-developed ones. These results suggest that an increase in number of CD14low monocytes with immature function might be a part of the autoimmune response, and that the appearance of these cells is of pathogenic importance in the arthritic process in cynomolgus monkeys regardless of the production of autoantibody.     

Construction and characterization of a recombinant fowlpox virus containing HIV-1 multi-epitope-p24 chimeric gene in mice

The epidemic of HIV/AIDS is sweeping across the world. It is of great importance to figure out new ways to curb this disease. Epitope-based vaccine is one of these solutions. In this study, a chimeric gene was obtained by combination of a designed HIV-1 multi-epitope gene (MEG) and HIV-1 p24 gene. A recombinant plasmid pUTA2-MEGp24 was then constructed by inserting MEGp24 gene into the down-stream of the promoter (ATI-P7.5×20) of fowlpox virus (FPV) transfer vector pUTA2. The recombinant plasmid and wild-type FPV 282E4 strain were then co-transfected into CEF cells and homologous recombination occurred. A recombinant virus expressing HIV-1 protein MEGp24 was screened by genome PCR and Western blot assay. Large scale preparation and purification of the recombinant fowlpox virus (rFPV) were then carried out. BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with the rFPV for three times on day 0, 14 and 42. Mice were executed and sampled one week after the third inoculation.Anti-HIV-1 antibody in serum and Th1 cytokines in the supernatant of cultured spleen cells were assayed by ELISA. The count of T lymphocyte subsets and the CTL activity of spleen lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, respectively. The results showed that HIV-1 specific antibody in serum and increased T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ T, CD8+ T)were detected in the immunization group. CTL target-killing activity and higher secretion of Th1 cytokines (IFN-Y and IL-2) of spleen lymphocytes stimulated by H-2d-restricted CTL peptide were observed in immunized mice.We concluded that the rFPV may induce HIV-1 specific immunity especially cellular immunity in mice.     

戊肝病毒Th表位肽免疫可增强其载体蛋白的体液免疫应答

戊型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白内包含一个强H-2d限制性Th表位P34。以该表位肽免疫BALB/c鼠,其脾细胞能够在体外识别重组戊型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白,剔除实验表明应答细胞几乎完全是CD4 T细胞,证明P34表位肽能有效诱导产生特异性Th细胞。以P34肽初免小鼠,再以包含该表位的重组戊型肝炎病毒抗原(E2)免疫,结果表明,10μg、20μgE2免疫组在免疫后第1周即有部分小鼠产生抗体,到第3周所有小鼠均能够产生抗体;而对照肽P18初免的小鼠,以20μgE2加强免疫亦无法诱导小鼠产生抗体。这表明,Th表位肽P34初免诱导产生的Th细胞能够有效促进小鼠对携带该表位的载体蛋白的体液免疫应答。     

流行性感冒病毒M2蛋白可溶性表达及其免疫原性的研究

流行性感冒（流感）的M2蛋白是其保护性抗原之一,在几科所有甲型流感病毒中高度保守,因此可以用来研究具有交叉保护能力的流感疫苗。然而M2分子在病毒颗粒中含量非常少,用从病毒中纯化的方法很难获得足够的免疫原。在原核表达时发现,M2蛋白对宿主菌具有很强的毒性作用,导至其死亡,因此很难获得高表达。在本研究中,采用RT－PCR方法从病毒感染的MDCK细胞中克隆了A1／PR／8／34毒株的M2基因,然后通过基因工程手段缺失了M2蛋白的跨膜区26－55位氨基酸的编码序列,将其克隆以pET-32a中,与硫氧还蛋白融合,在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达,并且表达产物以可溶形式存在,不形成包涵体。利用硫酸铵盐析结合金属离子鏊和柱亲和层析的方法纯化了表达的融合蛋白。免疫荧光实验表明,融合蛋白免疫小鼠后产生的抗血清能够与流感病毒感染的细胞发生特异性的结合,证明表达产物具有流感病毒M2蛋白的抗原性。     

禽IL-2与传染性法氏囊VP2融合蛋白免疫学特性

为研究禽细胞因子IL-2与IBDV主要保护性抗原VP2基因融合蛋白的免疫学特性,将重组的rVP2-IL-2融合蛋白免疫鸡,通过IBDV-VP2 ELISA抗体效价、抗体亚型(IgG1和IgG2a)、淋巴细胞增殖、INF-γ和IL-4细胞因子的分泌水平、中和抗体以及动物攻毒试验检测评价其对鸡体免疫水平的影响。抗体滴度测定和淋巴细胞增殖试验结果显示,rVP2-IL-2融合蛋白免疫鸡体的体液和细胞免疫应答水平均明显高于单独的VP2蛋白免疫组。抗体亚型测定结果显示,rVP2-IL-2融合蛋白免疫组鸡体能产生一个平衡的IgG1和IgG2a抗体反应。细胞因子ELISA试验结果表明rVP2-IL-2融合蛋白能有效平衡Th1(γ-IFN)和Th2(IL-4)类型的细胞免疫反应。动物攻毒试验rVp2-IL-2融合蛋白免疫组鸡体获得了85%的保护率,表明构建的rVP2-IL-2融合蛋白对IBDV的攻击具有较好的免疫保护作用。本研究为进一步研制IBD高效的基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

Resistance to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) challenge induced by infection with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing the RSV M2 protein (Vac-M2) is mediated by CD8+ T cells, while that induced by Vac-F or Vac-G recombinants is mediated by antibodies.

It was previously demonstrated that the vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F, G, or M2 (also designated as 22K) protein (Vac-F, Vac-G, or Vac-M2, respectively) induced almost complete resistance to RSV challenge in BALB/c mice. In the present study, we sought to identify the humoral and/or cellular mediators of this resistance. Mice were immunized by infection with a single recombinant vaccinia virus and were subsequently given a monoclonal antibody directed against CD4+ or CD8+ T cells or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) to cause depletion of effector T cells or IFN-gamma, respectively, at the time of RSV challenge (10 days after immunization). Mice immunized with Vac-F or Vac-G were completely or almost completely resistant to RSV challenge after depletion of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells prior to challenge, indicating that these cells were not required at the time of virus challenge for expression of resistance to RSV infection induced by the recombinants. In contrast, the high level of protection of mice immunized with Vac-M2 was completely abrogated by depletion of CD8+ T cells, whereas depletion of CD4+ T cells or IFN-gamma resulted in intermediate levels of resistance. These results demonstrate that antibodies are sufficient to mediate the resistance to RSV induced by the F and G proteins, whereas the resistance induced by the M2 protein is mediated primarily by CD8+ T cells, with CD4+ T cells and IFN-gamma also contributing to resistance.     

Eukaryotic expression and immunogenicity of Ancylostoma ceylanicum calreticulin

Ancylostoma ceylanicum is a zoonotic soil-derived nematode that parasitizes human and animal intestines, causing malnutrition and iron-deficiency anemia. Calreticulin is a multifunctional protein involved in all stages of parasitic infection. Studies have found that parasites can secret calreticulin to regulate the host's immune response. To explore the immunogenicity of the eukaryotic expression plasmid of Ancylostoma ceylanicum calreticulin (Ace-CRT), we constructed a recombinant Ace-CRT eukaryotic expression plasmid (pEGFP-N3-Ace-CRT). Successful expression of the target protein in Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) 293 T cells was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. BALB/c mice were immunized with pEGFP-N3-Ace-CRT plasmid. Measuring IgG antibody levels in immunized mice sera by ELISA showed that the recombinant plasmid stimulated IgG antibody production in mice. Spleen lymphocytes were collected from vaccinated mice to determine the proportion of T cell subsets and the expression levels of cytokines. Flow cytometry revealed that the percentage of CD3 + CD4+ and CD3 + CD8+ T cells in mice spleen in the immunization group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Recombinant plasmid immunization increased IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-13 expression while decreasing IL-5, IL-6, and INF-γ in mice spleens. These results indicate that the eukaryotic plasmid constructed in this study had good immunogenicity and mainly induced a T helper 2 response in the host, laying a foundation for screening candidate molecules for anti-hookworm vaccines.     

Dynamic of myocarditis development in rats after injection of cardiac myosine combined with IFA

Myocarditis development was investigated after immunization rats with single subcutaneous injection of cardiac myosin (800 microg/kg) with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) (M + IFA group). Control group received equal volume of IFA alone or nothing (intact group). On days 4, 14, and 21 after injection, light and electron microscopy of heart sections, morphometric analysis, estimation of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1p, IL-6, VEGF, TNFa and iNOS) expression were used to evaluate inflammatory response in myocardium. In addition, we estimated cardiac myosin antibody levels in blood serum and nitrite and nitrate levels in blood serum. Our data showed that immunization with cardiac myosin combined with IFA led to inflammatory response in the rat myocardium. Acute inflammation (i.e. lymphocyte infiltration of myocardium and increase of proinflammatory cytokines level) in M + IFA group occurred on 21 days after immunization.     

抗禽流感病毒多表位DNA疫苗的构建及其免疫效力研究

多表位DNA疫苗是建立在常规DNA疫苗基础上的一种新型疫苗。它是用表位作免疫原,这样就比较容易在一个表达载体上克隆病原体的多个抗原基因中具有免疫活性的部分。本试验以H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的HA和NP基因及其表位为基础构建了4个重组质粒：1 pIRES/HA（表达全长的HA基因）;2 pIRES/tHA（只表达HA基因的主要抗原表位区）;3 pIRES/tHANpep（融合表达HA基因的抗原表位区和NP基因的3个CTL表位）;4 pIRES/tHANpep-IFN-γ（用鸡的IFN-γ基因取代质粒pIRES/tHANpep中的neo基因）。分别用这4个重组质粒和空载体质粒pIRES1neo肌注免疫30日龄SPF鸡。免疫3次,间隔为2周,每次每只鸡的剂量为200μg。第3次免疫后两周以高致病性禽流感病毒H5N1强毒攻击,免疫及攻毒前后均采血检测HI抗体效价和外周血CD4⁺、CD8⁺T细胞的变化。结果发现,攻毒前各质粒免疫组均检测不到HI抗体,攻毒后1周存活鸡HI抗体效价迅速升高到64～256。流式细胞仪检测显示外周血CD4⁺、CD8⁺T细胞在疫苗免疫后都有不同程度的升高。空载体质粒对照组鸡（10只）在攻毒后3～8 d内全部死亡,其他各重组质粒免疫组鸡都获得了部分保护,保护率分别是：pIRES/HA组为545%（6/11）,pIRES/tHA组为30%（3/10）,pIRES/tHANPep组为36.3%（4/11）, pIRES/tHANPepIFNγ组为50%（5/10）。这些结果表明我们构建的多表位DNA疫苗能够诱导机体产生特异性免疫应答,并在同型禽流感强毒攻击时对鸡只提供了一定的保护。     

牛疱疹病毒Ⅰ型VP22和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP5融合基因DNA疫苗的免疫效应

为了提高表达GP5的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）DNA疫苗的免疫效应,将具有蛋白转导功能的牛疱疹病毒1型（BHV-1）VP22基因插入到经过修饰具有更好免疫原性的PRRSV修饰型ORF5基因（ORF5M）上游,构建VP22和ORF5M融合表达的真核表达质粒pCI-VP22-ORF5M。经间接免疫荧光试验（IFA）和Westernblot检测证实体外表达后,免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测小鼠免疫后的GP5特异性ELISA抗体、抗PRRSV中和抗体和脾淋巴细胞增殖反应,并与非融合的真核表达质粒pCI-ORF5M进行比较。结果显示,融合表达VP22-GP5的DNA疫苗 pCI-VP22ORF5M诱导的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应均明显高于非融合表达的DNA疫苗pCI-ORF5M,表明蛋白转导相关蛋白BHV-1 VP22能显著增强表达GP5的PRRSV DNA 疫苗的免疫效应,有效发挥了基因免疫佐剂效应;这为研制PRRSV高效DNA疫苗奠定了基础,同时也为其它疾病的高效新型疫苗研究提供了思路。