不同年龄段人体脉搏的测量与分析

人体内部各器官的健康状态可以在脉搏信息中反映出来,要使脉诊技术客观化,除了获取准确的脉搏信息外,还必须对大量不同人群的脉搏信息进行对比分析,提取有关的特征参量。利用PVDF压力传感器并垫一水囊间接接触法拾取脉搏信息,通过调理放大硬件电路和数据采集处理系统实现人体脉搏的测量,给出了不同年龄段人群的脉图及对应的频谱图,并进行了对比分析。     

脉搏波时标对臂踝脉搏波传播速度测量的影响

臂踝脉搏波传播速度(brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity,baPWV)测量是一种便捷、无创的方法,可用于人体动脉硬化度的评估,在临床和科学研究中广泛应用于血管早期病变的筛查和心血管系统风险的评估。本文设计开发了人体上臂和踝部脉搏波波形采集系统,并利用该系统对59名健康成年人进行实验,研究了目前三种最常用的脉搏波时标(pulse timing mark,PTM)定义方法对baPWV测量的影响。实验结果表明,选用不同的PTM方法所测得的baPWV结果具有显著的差异性(P0.001)。而且,PTM方法的不同还影响到了baPWV与年龄、血压的相互关系。     

青藏高原人体脉搏测量及几种脉图对比分析

脉搏信息反映人体内部各器官的健康状况,利用PVDF压力传感器并垫一水囊间接接触法拾取脉搏信息,通过调理放大硬件电路对脉搏信号进行调理放大,借助虚拟仪器软件LabVIEW在PC机上架构虚拟脉搏测试系统,测试并采集了青藏高原地区大量不同人群的脉搏信息数据,给出了几种具有地域特征的脉图,并结合中医脉诊理论进行了对比分析。     

人体测量指标与掌指纹特征之间的相关研究

本文对106名中国东北汉族女性进行了活体测量,并拓取了掌指纹。样本的年龄范围为18—34岁。所分析的人体测量指标共41项,掌指纹指标共59项。将人体测量指标与掌指纹指标同时输入电子计算机,进行了100项实验指标间的相关分析,并做了相关显著性检验。在41项人体测量指标中,有35项指标与掌指纹特征有相关关系。其中与掌指纹特征同时相关的人体测量特征有18项,与指纹特征相关的人体测量指标有2项,与掌纹相关的人体测量指标有15项。与掌指纹特征同时相关的人体测量特征,与遗传因素之间的相互关系大于与指纹相关的人体测量特征。与指纹相关的人体测量特征,与遗传因素的关系,要大于与掌纹相关的人体测量特征。     

生物阻抗技术概述

简要叙述了人体组织阻抗特性、生物阻抗技术的基本原理和测量方法,全面介绍了生物阻抗技术在细胞测量、体积测量、人体组织结构分析、组织监测、人体成分分析、生物阻抗成像等各方面的应用。     

电刺激小脑顶核对主要心血管生理参数的影响

目的:本文通过研究电刺激小脑顶核对光电容积脉搏波的影响,探讨电刺激小脑顶核对于人体心血管系统产生的生理效应。方法:记录30位受试者在小脑顶核受刺激时的脉搏波数据,提取了上升支主波幅度H、上升沿斜率Slope、脉搏波波形特征量K值等5种波形特征值。对比分析在刺激中和刺激前后各特征值的变化并根据该变化描述电刺激小脑顶核所引起的生理变化。结果:电刺激小脑顶核使脉搏波呈现出灵敏的一过性变化。结论:特征值的变化反应出电刺激小脑顶核使外周血流量、外周阻力等生理参数发生了一过性的变化。     

全国人体测量和生物力学会工作会议结束

全国人类工效学标准化技术委员会人体测量和生物力学委员会,于1982年9月在北京召开了第二次工作会议。与会代表着重讨论了“人体尺寸测量术语”(草案),“关于开展全国人体尺寸测量的调查报告”,和“中小学校课桌椅标准”(草案)。代表们认为,随着四化建设的进行,新的现代化机械设备的设计与制造,必须符合人-机系统高效能的要求,因而必须以准确的人体尺寸的标准资料为依据。代表们一致认为,要尽快制订出“人体尺寸测量术语”,用3—5年时间在全国进行一次人体各部尺寸的测量,建立我国人体尺寸数据库,为制订我国成年人人体尺     

现代化需要人体测量学

由于数学、物理和化学已被广泛用于生产实践之中,所以人们对它们的内容和应用价值了解得比较多。但是,对于人体测量学这门学科究竟研究什么,有什么用处,许多人还感到陌生,或并不完全了解。其实,人体测量学是人类学的一个分支学科。内容包括骨骼测量和活体(和死体)测量。它的主要任务是通过测量数据,对人体特征进行数量分析,进而描述人类体质特征的变化规律。例如,骨骼测量可以提供人类在系统发育和个体发育各个阶段的骨骼大小尺寸,帮助我们了解在人类进化的不同时期和不同人种或民族的骨骼变化发展的情况,以及他们的相互关系,同时也可以了解骨骼在生长和衰老过程中的变化等等。活体测量,顾名思义就是对活人的头面部以及身体各部位进行测量。然后,将测量所得的人体各部位的尺寸,经过数学统计,进而对人体特征做数量上的分析。     

一种高阶插值边界单元法及其在人体生物电场计算中的应用

在人体生物电分析方面,人们熟悉的方法是由体表测取人体生物电信号直接分析处理,如常规心电图(ECG)和脑电图(EEG)。这种由体表电信号测量加上临床医生经验推断,就构成了目前生物电分析的主要手段。近年虽然在生物电测量与显示方面应用了一些新技术,如多点同步采集电信号与插值平滑技术结合获得包含一定空间信息的体表电位图与脑地形图。测量分析体表功率谱以及压缩谱阵等。但这些方法终究仅能反应一种源     

人体生物磁场检测技术及其医学临床应用

人体生物磁场中含有丰富的有关人体内部器官与组织的信息,测量人体生物磁场的微弱信号有助于医学临床对疾病的诊断与治疗。本文在介绍人体生物磁场特性的基础上,系统阐述了人体生物磁场测量中的关键技术,包括:磁屏蔽技术、空间鉴别技术、和信噪比问题,并详细论述了超导量子干涉仪的工作原理和工作特性,最后结合医学临床的典型应用,论证了研究人体生物磁检测技术对有效提高人类医疗保健水平和生活质量的重要性。     

Retinal pulse wave velocity measurement using spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography

The human eyes provide a natural window for noninvasive measurement of the pulse wave velocity (PWV) of small arteries. By measuring the retinal PWV, the stiffness of small arteries can be assessed, which may better detect early vascular diseases. Therefore, retinal PWV measurement has attracted increasing attention. In this study, a jump‐scanning method was proposed for noninvasive measurement of retinal PWV using spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT). The jump‐scanning method uses the phase‐resolved Doppler OCT to obtain the pulse shapes. To realize PWV measurement, the jump‐scanning method extracts the transit time of the pulse wave from an original OCT scanning site to another through a transient jump. The measured retinal arterial PWV of a young human subject with normal blood pressure was in the order of 20 to 30 mm/s, which was consistent with previous studies. As a comparison, PWV of 50 mm/s was measured for a young human subject with prehypertension, which was in accordance with the finding of strong association between retinal PWV and blood pressure. In summary, it is believed the proposed jump‐scanning method could benefit the research and diagnosis of vascular diseases through the window of human eyes.      

The technique of detecting systolic and diastolic pressure from the transducer output of a PC-based blood pressure monitoring system

A pressure to voltage transducer is used along with a cuff, in a PC-based blood pressure and pulse rate monitoring system for human body. During the blood pressure measurement cycle, the output voltage of the pressure to voltage transducer is recorded digitally using a data acquisition system. The recorded data are then analyzed using software routines to determine the blood pressure and pulse rate of the person under test. However, it is difficult to identify the points of systole and diastole correctly from the recorded data. This paper presents the technique that may be used to determine the systolic and diastolic pressure from the collected data.     

The technique of detecting systolic and diastolic pressure from the transducer output of a PC-based blood pressure monitoring system

A pressure to voltage transducer is used along with a cuff, in a PC-based blood pressure and pulse rate monitoring system for human body. During the blood pressure measurement cycle, the output voltage of the pressure to voltage transducer is recorded digitally using a data acquisition system. The recorded data are then analyzed using software routines to determine the blood pressure and pulse rate of the person under test. However, it is difficult to identify the points of systole and diastole correctly from the recorded data. This paper presents the technique that may be used to determine the systolic and diastolic pressure from the collected data.     

西南鼠耳蝠广东新纪录及其核型

<正>西南鼠耳蝠(Myotis altarium Thomas,1911),因峨眉山为其模式产地,又称峨眉鼠耳蝠或者四川鼠耳蝠。隶属于翼手目(Chiroptera)蝙蝠科(Vespertilionidae)鼠耳蝠属(Myotis),主要分布     

Binomial frequency response to non-binomial pulse sequences for efficient water suppression

Summary This article reports on the use of short-hard pulse and spin-lock pulse combinations giving a binomial-like frequency response for the measurement of NMR spectra in aqueous solutions of quite dilute samples. The pulse sequence proposed provides excellent water suppression and does not introduce any linear or higher order phase errors. Application to the measurement of 2D NOESY data of a 0.25 mM solution of a double-stranded DNA fragment is presented.     

Validity and reproducibility of arterial pulse wave velocity measurement using new device with oscillometric technique: A pilot study

Background  

Availability of a range of techniques and devices allow measurement of many variables related to the stiffness of large or medium sized arteries. There is good evidence that, pulse wave velocity is a relatively simple measurement and is a good indicator of changes in arterial properties. The pulse wave velocity calculated from pulse wave recording by other methods like doppler or tonometry is tedious, time-consuming and above all their reproducibility depends on the operator skills. It requires intensive resource involvement. For epidemiological studies these methods are not suitable. The aim of our study was to clinically evaluate the validity and reproducibility of a new automatic device for measurement of pulse wave velocity that can be used in such studies.     

In vivo THz imaging of human skin: Accounting for occlusion effects

In vivo terahertz (THz) imaging of human skin needs to be done in reflection geometry due to the high attenuation of THz light by water in the skin. To aid the measurement procedure, there is typically an imaging window onto which the patient places the area of interest. The window enables better pulse alignment and helps keep the patient correctly positioned during the measurement. In this paper, we demonstrate how the occlusion caused by the skin contact with the imaging window during the measurement affects the THz response. By studying both rapid point measurements and imaging over an area of a human volar forearm, we find that even 5 seconds of occlusion affects the THz response. As the occlusion time increases, the skin surface water content increases, resulting in the reduction of the amplitude of the reflected THz pulse, especially in the first 3 minutes. Furthermore, it was found that the refractive index of the volar forearm increased by 10% to 15% after 20 minutes of occlusion. In this work, we examine and propose a model for the occlusion effects due to the quartz window with a view to compensating for its influence.