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1.
E. G. M. Meijer 《Physiologia plantarum》1982,56(3):381-385
Callus cultures were established from seedling hypocotyls of the tropical pasture legume Stylosanthes humilis H.B.K., and from leaves of in vitro-grown regenerated plantlets and glasshouse-grown plants. Callus was induced on Murashige and Skoog medium, supplemented with 1.0 mg/1 each of benzyladenine and naphthaleneacetic acid, and subcultured on the same medium with 0.5 mg/1 each of the same plant growth regulators. Induction of shoot formation occurred with a number of benzyladenine/naphthaleneacetic acid combinations. With 1.0 mg/1 benzyladenine (no auxin) all hypocotyl-derived calli and 78% (in vitro-grown plantlets) and 56% (glasshouse-grown plants) of the leaf-derived calli could be induced to form shoots. Morphogenetic potential was maintained during five subcultures. The process of induction of shoot formation took generally longer in leaf-derived calli than in those derived from hypocotyls. Most regenerated plants survived transfer to soil and all tested plants nodulated if inocculated with Rhizobium . No morphological abnormalities were observed. 相似文献
2.
Kallak Henni Reidla Maere Hilpus Ille Virumäe Kai 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1997,51(2):127-135
For callus induction, shoot tips and nodal or internodal stem segments of carnation cultivars (Coral, Jaguar, Salome and Sarinah)
were grown on MS basal medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and kinetin. To achieve organogenesis, calli were transferred
onto MS medium without or with growth regulators (indoleacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, kinetin,
benzyladenine) in different combinations. Shoot primordia emerged from the subsurface meristemoids of calli, roots developed
from the inner callus cells. The effects of genotype, explant source and growth regulators on callus-mediated organogenesis
differently manifested themselves in caulogenesis and rhizogenesis, respectively. The number of root-forming calli most of
all depended on genotype and least of all on explant source. Unlike rhizogenesis, caulogenesis essentially depended on explant
source: internodal calli of all the tested cultivars practically missed the shoot formation ability. The number of caulogenetic
calli from apical-nodal segments significantly depended on genotype, but was also affected by growth regulators.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
Induction of callus and plant regeneration in Vicoa indica 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Callus cultures were initiated from the stem and leaf explants of aseptically grown Vicoa indica. A simple method is described for plant regeneration from callus and the rapid multiplication of the plants thus obtained. Callus initiation was optimum in Gamborg B5 (B5) basal medium containing either 2.0 mg l-1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) with 0.2 mg l-1 kinetin (Kn) or 2.0 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) with 0.2 mg l-1 NAA. The calli initiated on B5 medium were able to proliferate on both Murashige and Skoog (MS) and B5 basal medium. Shoot primordia were obtained from greenish callus on passage to B5 basal medium containing 3.0 mg l-1 BAP and 1.0 mg l-1 Kn. On further subculture onto B5 medium containing 0.2 mg l-1 Kn the shoot primordia developed into plantlets. 相似文献
4.
Pollen plants were obtained from anther-derived calli of the indica rice variety Basmati-370. Anther-response (anthers producing pollen derived calli) and plant regeneration frequency from the pollen derived calli. was very low. Donor plants which flowered at the average max/min. temperature of 34.2°/23.3°C gave a significantly higher anther-response to in vitro techniques, than did those which flowered at 29.1°/16.4°C. Somatic callus induction and subsequent plant regeneration was readily obtained from mature seed embryos. While 2,4-D or 2,4,5-T (1 or 2 mg/l) proved highly efficient for callus induction, tryptophan (50 or 100 mg/l) induced a high frequency of green plants from the calli.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- 2,4,5-T
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- IAA
indoleacetic acid
- K
kinetin
- BA
benzyladenine
- Trp
tryptophan
- CW
coconut water 相似文献
5.
A protoplast-to-plant regeneration system has been established for sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) and its wild relative, I. lacunosa L. Viable protoplasts, isolated from preplasmolyzed stems and petioles of in vitro-grown plants, were cultured on liquid MS (Murashige & Skoog 1962) medium that supported cell division and colony formation. Embryogenic calli of sweet potato were induced on agar-solidified MS medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose, 50 mg l-1 casamino acids, 0.2–0.5 mg l-1 2,4-d, 1.0 mg l-1 kinetin and 1.0 mg l-1 ABA. On average, 3 plants were regenerated from a single sweet potato callus subcultured on semi-solid MS medium containing 3% (w/v) sucrose, 800 mg l-1 glutamine, 2.0 mg l-1 BA or 1.0 mg l-1 kinetin and 1.0 mg l-1 GA3. Embryogenic calli of I. lacunosa L. were initiated on semi-solid MS medium containing 0.2–0.5 mg l-1 IAA and 1.0–2.0 mg l-1 BA. An average of 5 plants was regenerated from a single sweet potato callus subcultured on semi-solid MS medium containing 0.5 or 1.0 mg l-1 GA3.Abbreviations ABA
abscisic acid
- BA
benzyladenine
- 2,4-d
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- GA3
gibberellic acid
- IAA
indole acetic acid
- MES
2-(N-morpholino)-ethane sulfonic acid
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
6.
Stem segments of adult plants of Ficus religiosa L. cultured on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D produced callus. Shoots were regenerated when the induced calli were transferred to medium supplemented with 0.05 to 2.0 mg/l BAP. Callus derived shoots produced roots and developed into plantlets when transferred to medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l NAA.Abbreviations MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962)
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 相似文献
7.
Summary A yellowish, nodular callus was induced from mature embryos of Elymus giganteus Vahl on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/l kinetin, from which a cell suspension culture was initiated in liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D, 1.0 mg/l kinetin and 0.2 mg/1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). By filtering through a series of sieves with decreasing mesh sizes and collecting the resultant filtrate, a suspension culture composed mainly of single embryogenic cells was established. In a medium containing 0.3 mg/l 2,4-D, 1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) and 500 mg/l casein hydrolysate (CH), the single cells underwent direct somatic embryogenesis resulting in the formation of proembryos. These proembryos developed into mature embryos when placed in a double-layer liquid overlay culture. Intact plants were developed from somatic embryos when they were transferred onto solidified MS medium without added growth regulators. 相似文献
8.
Ning Zhang Wei Fang Yan Shi Qianqian Liu Haiyun Yang Renyi Gui Xinchun Lin 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,103(3):325-332
In this study, mature zygotic embryos, plant growth regulators, and various media were tested with the aim of developing an efficient regeneration system for plantlets of the bamboo species Dendrocalamus hamiltonii. Callus formation was induced in explants cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0–3.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Optimal shoot differentiation and subsequent shoot growth were also obtained in MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l benzyladenine, 1 mg/l kinetin, and 1 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid. Root induction was enhanced by the addition of 5 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid to the culture medium. Histological analysis revealed that both somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis were induced during callus initiation, shoot differentiation, and the development of plantlets from the mature zygotic embryos. Our data provide a useful basis for developing culture protocols for the regeneration of bamboo plants. 相似文献
9.
The study was carried out to establish in vitro culture conditions for plant regeneration of tef, Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter. Mature seeds of two Ethiopian varieties, DZ-01-354 and DZ-01-196, were used to initiate callus cultures
on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different auxins. Four- and 8-week-old calli induced on a medium with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D) were subcultured onto various media to induce somatic embryogenesis. Compact, nodulated, embryogenic callus was
observed after transfer onto MS-callus proliferating (CP) medium. Embryogenic tissue appeared on soft and amorphous callus
and developed into somatic embryos during a subsequent subculture to MS embryo-promoting (EP) media. Various growth regulator
combinations were tested in CP and EP media to obtain a high efficiency of somatic embryo formation. The highest frequency
of calli forming somatic embryos (56.1–68.3%) was observed when CP media with 2.0 or 4.0 mg/l 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid were
employed and then cultures were transferred to EP media with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l kinetin followed by 0.5 mg/l indole-3-acetic
acid and 0.5 mg/l N6-benzyladenine. Plant development from somatic embryos was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l gibberellic acid.
On average, 71.2% of calli displaying somatic embryos converted into plants. Regenerated plants were successfully transferred
to soil. Neither chlorophyll-deficient plants nor morphological variants were found among regenerants. All regenerated plants
were fertile.
Received: 9 May 1997 / Revision received: 25 September 1997 / Accepted: 3 January 1998 相似文献
10.
In vitro regeneration of plants from both cotyledon-, and leaf — derived calli of Lotononis bainesii Paker was studied under defined nutritional, hormonal and environmental conditions. Explants from both, cotyledons from seedilings of 4 days old and fully expanded leaves from mature plants, were cultured on MS medium containing 0.8% agar and supplemented with 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/1 concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.1, 1, and 3 mg/1 levels of benzyladenine (BA) in various combinations. Multiple shoot (on an average 4 shoots per callus) regeneration from primary callus occurred within 15 to 35 days of culture in most of the media tested. Although the best medium for shoot regeneration from cotyledon-derived callus contained NAA and BA at 1, and 0.1 mg/1 levels, respectively, maximal shoot regeneration from leaf-derived calli was achieved by using NAA and BA at 0.01 and 0.1 mg/1, respectively. Roots were induced to differentiate by transferring the regenerated shoots onto a medium lacking growth regulators.Supported by a research fellowship from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (República Argentina). 相似文献
11.
Plant regeneration from shoot tips and callus of papaya 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Summary Two methods of in vitro culture were employed to regenerate papaya plants. One involved regeneration of plants from callus
and the other, production of multiple plants from single shoot-tip explants. Callus was induced from stem sections of papaya
seedlings in a medium containing 1 mg per 1 NAA and 0.1 mg per 1 kinetin. The callus regenerated shoots and/or embryoids when
transferred to a medium of lower auxin, 0 to 0.05 mg per 1 IAA, and higher cytokinin, 1 to 2 mg per 1 kinetin Multiple shoots
were produced when the excised shoot-tip explants were cultured in a medium supplemented with 0.05 mg per 1 IAA and either
5 mg per 1 kinetin or 0.5 to 1.0 mg per 1 benzyladenine. Root formation of the shoots or embryoids that derived from callus
or shoot tips occurred in a medium containing 5 mg per 1 IAA and in a light intensity of 3000 to 4000 Ix. The rooted plants
could be established in soil and under standard greenhouse conditions after they had been acclimated by initially growing
them in moist vermiculite contained in polyethylene-covered pots.
This research was supported by the National Science Council, Republic of China. 相似文献
12.
Anthers of Populus maximowiczii with microspores at the mononucleate stage were cultured at 20°C in the dark on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium after 4 days of cold treatment (4°C). After 4 to 8 weeks anthers on medium supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg l-1 2,4-D in combination with 0.1 mg l-1 kinetin developed calli that were characterized by smooth surface and gel-like consistency. These calli were comprised of expanding microspores surrounded by a mucilaginous matrix. After transfer of anthers with embryogenic calli to MS medium with low hormone levels (NAA at 0, 0.1 and 0.1 mg l-1 and BA at 0, 0.1 and 1.0 mg l-1) microspores started to divide and initiated independent meristematic nests, which developed into embryoidal structures, resembling globular to bi-polar heart-shaped embryoids. The embryoids germinated precociously without developing cotyledons. After transfer to medium with a range of levels of BA (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg l-1), adventitious shoots developed mainly from the roots. Shoots were rooted in half strength MS medium supplemented with 0.025 mg l-1 NAA. Via this pathway anther response in the best treatment combination was 10%.Abbreviations BA
benzyladenine
- MS
Murashige & Skoog
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- 2,4-D-2,4
dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 相似文献
13.
Shoot formation was observed in callus from apical cells of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Century). Shoot apices from 4-day-old plants were macerated and the resulting cell masses grown on agar media. The callus formation and shoot production occurred within 4 to 6 weeks in defined media containing 0.2 to 5.0 μM benzyladenine and 1 μM naphthaleneacetic acid. While most callus produced one or more shoots at high frequency, root formation did not occur regularly. Plants obtained by these procedures were grown to maturity producing flowers and pods. 相似文献
14.
A procedure has been established for regeneration from meristem-derived callus protoplasts of scion cultivars of apple that
have been difficult to regenerate from leaf protoplasts. Calli were induced from the meristem of apples, Malus×domestica cvs `Fuji' and `Jonagold' and Malus prunifolia var `ringo Asami Mo84-A', cultured on MS medium (2 mg/l 2,4-D, 1 mg/l BA, 0.8% agar) and subcultured in a liquid medium.
The ability to regenerate plants from suspension calli was studied under eight different combinations with respect to IAA,
ABA, and TDZ concentrations. With the materials studied here, two combinations, one with 0.1 mg/l IAA, 0.1 mg/l ABA, and 2.0
mg/l TDZ and another with 0.1 mg/l IAA, 1.0 mg/l ABA, and 2.0 mg/l TDZ, were effective for plant regeneration. Protoplasts
were isolated from the above suspension cultures and then cultured in KM8P medium containing IBA (2 mg/l), BA (1 mg/l), 2,4-D
(0.4 mg/l), and MES (5 mM, pH 5.7). Shoot formation of protoplast-derived calli was studied in the above-mentioned regeneration
media. The high concentration of Gelrite (0.5% and 0.7%) was also shown to be important for shoot formation of protoplast-derived
calli. Shoot primordia were formed in the medium containing IAA (0.1 mg/l), ABA (1.0 mg/l), and TDZ (2.0 mg/l). Ultimately,
five regenerants of `Fuji' protoplasts were obtained from 200 protoplast-derived calli.
Received: 19 June 1998 / Revision received: 9 October 1998 / Accepted: 27 October 1998 相似文献
15.
In vitro regeneration of plantlets and multiplication of Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W.F. Wight plants from cultured callus tissue were demonstrated. Callus was established from both cotyledons and mature leaflets on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with BAP (0.5 mg/l) and 2,4-D (2 mg/l). Callus mediated shoot bud differentiation was studied under defined nutritional, hormonal and cultural conditions. Various concentrations of BAP or kinetin (Kn) with coconut milk (CM) in MS media induced different levels of shoot bud differentiation as well as multiplication. Multiple shoot bud differentiation occurred in most of the primary calli. The best medium for shoot bud differentiation from cotyledon derived callus, contained BAP (2 mg/l) and 15% CM (V/V). More efficient shoot bud organogenesis was recorded with BAP than Kn. Supplementation with CM in MS media accelerated shoot bud organogenesis in differentiating callus tissue. Rooting of differentiated shoots was achieved by a three step culture procedure involving (a) MS solid medium containing IBA (2 mg/l), (b) growth regulator free half strength MS medium with 1% charcoal, and (c) half strength MS liquid medium free of vitamins, growth regulators and charcoal.Abbreviations IAA
indoleacetic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- Kn
kinetin
- CM
coconut milk
- MS
Murashige and Skoog's medium
- SBI
shoot bud inducing medium 相似文献
16.
Persian poppy (Papaver bracteatum Lindl.) is an important commercial source of medicinal opiates and related compounds. In this research, calli were induced
from seeds, roots, cotyledons and hypocotyls of P. bracteatum at a high efficiency. The optimized callus induction media consisted of the Murashige and Skoog (MS) basic media supplemented
with 1.0 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.1 mg/L kinetin and 15 mg/L ascorbic acid. The concentrations of 2,4-D
and ascorbic acid were found critical to callus induction and proliferation. Subsequent subcultures resulted in excellent
callus proliferation. Ascorbic acid at concentration 15 mg/L increased the callus proliferation significantly. Maximum callus
growth was achieved when the explants were incubated at 25°C. MS salts at full strength were found inhibitory for callus induction,
while ľ MS salts were found to favor callus induction. Shoot regeneration of calli in vitro was achieved on ľ MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L benzylamine purine and 1.0 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid. Analysis of alkaloid
extracts from Persian poppy tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography showed that thebaine accumulated in the tissues
of plants. The thebaine alkaloid profile of the Persian poppy is a well-defined model to evaluate the potential for metabolic
engineering of thebaine production in P. bracteatum. 相似文献
17.
Abstract Callus production and plant regeneration from different explants of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Giza are reported. Calli cultures were induced from leaf, hypocotyl, embryo and root explants. Rapid growth of callus was achieved by leaf explants cultured on MS salts, B5 vitamins and supplemented with 2,4— dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4—D)+0.5 mg/l kinetin (kin). Addition of casein hydrolysate at 2 g/l to maintenance medium enhanced callus growth and hindered the early appearance of necrotic parts. This report also provides a detailed method for production of multiple shoots directly from the wounded edges of immature cotyledon explant via organogenesis on 1 mg/l benzyladenine (BA) or indirectly on 0.5 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)+2 mg/l BA. The regeneration of bean plants through the two ways described here (direct or indirect) may be of use in genetic improvement of bean. 相似文献
18.
Summary Protoplasts were isolated from immature cotyledons of Vigna sinensis and cultured in a modified MS Liquid medium containing 0. 2 mg/l 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), 1 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0. 5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) in the dark at a density of 1 × 105/ml. The protoplasts began to divide in 3–5 days. Sustained cell division resulted in formation of cell clusters and small calli, with the cell division frequency and plating efficiency of cell colonies reaching 27. 7% and 1. 7% respectively. When calli of 2 mm in size were transferred onto MSB medium (MS salts and B5 vitamins) containing 500mg/l NaCl, 500 mg/ 1 casein hydrolysate (CH), 2 mg/l 2,4-D and 0. 5 mg/l BAP for further growth, approximately 5% of the calli developed embryogenically. The embryogenic calli were selected and subcultured on the same composition of MSB medium and were able to maintain somatic embryogenesis capacity in subculture for a long time. When the calli were moved to MSB medium with 0. 1 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0. 5mg/l kinetin(KT), 3–5% mannitol and 2% sucrose in the light, many somatic embryos formed from the calli. Only part of the embryoids developed further to the cotyledonary stage, and the others died at the globular, heart-shaped or torpedo stages. Finally, some cotyledonary embryoids germinated and developed into plants or shoots. The shoots were readily rooted on 1/2 strength MS medium with 0. 1–0.3 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The plants grew well in soil and were fertile.Abbreviations 2, 4-D
dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- KT
kinetin
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- CH
casein hydrolysate
- CM
coconut milk
- ZT
zeatin 相似文献
19.
Plant regeneration from Bulgarian rose callus 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Plant regeneration capacity of Bulgarian rose callus tissue was examined. Adventitious bud formation could be successfully attained, depending on the kinds of mineral salts used in the medium, auxin and cytokinin used. When callus tissues were cultured on the medium without ammonium nitrate and contained indoleacetic acid and benzyladenine, buds were formed in the callus. The number of buds were significantly increased by the simultaneous addition of calcium ionophore. When the cultures were transferred to the medium without cytokinin, roots were formed in the basal part of the buds.Abbreviations BA
benzyladenine
- IAA
indoleacetic acid
- K
kinetin
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
20.
《Plant science》1988,57(2):173-179
Adventitious shoots were induced to form on leaves and petiole segments of mature-phase Liquidambar styraciflua L. Shoot organogenesis occurred directly, without the formation of a distinct callus stage, and well-defined shoots were visible in 6–9 weeks. Prolific shoot production was supported by Woody Plant Medium supplemented with relatively high levels of benzyladenine (2.5 mg/l). Changes in benzyladenine concentration and the addition of 0.1 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid to the medium altered the relative abundance of shoots on various parts of a leaf. Shoot formation occurred most frequently at or near breaks in major vasculature. Wounding of the leaves by slashing across the lamina and vasculature significantly increased the total number of shoots formed per explant and also altered the pattern of organogenesis. Differences in organogenic response were seen between the cultivars ‘Moraine’ and ‘Variegata’. Shoots derived from leaves were easily rooted and acclimated to greenhouse conditions. Three new variegation types arose in vitro as a result of adventitious shoot formation on ‘Variegata’ leaves. 相似文献