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1.
The hypoglycemic activity of fermented mushroom of three fungi of basidiomycetes rich in vanadium was studied in this paper.
Alloxan- and adrenalin-induced hyperglycemic mice were used in the study. The blood glucose and the sugar tolerance were determined.
After the mice were administered (ig) with Coprinus comatus rich in vanadium, the blood glucose of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice decreased (p < 0.05), ascension of blood glucose induced by adrenalin was inhibited (p < 0.01) and the sugar tolerance of the normal mice was improved. However, the same result did not occur in Ganoderma lucidum and Grifola frondosa group. Compared with Ganoderma rich in vanadium and Grifola frondosa rich in vanadium, the hypoglycemic effects of Coprinus comatus rich in vanadium on hyperglycemic animals are significant; it may be used as a hypoglycemic food or medicine for hyperglycemic
people. 相似文献
2.
A comparison of vanadium-rich activity of three species fungi of Basidiomycetes, Ganoderma lucidum, Coprinus comatus, and Grifola frondosa, was studied. By fermentation and atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis, the biomass of G. lucidum and G. frondosa declined rapidly when the concentration of vanadium exceeded 0.3% but the biomass of C. comatus did not decline rapidly until the concentration of vanadium exceeded 0.4% and the content of vanadium accumulated in the
mycelia was 3529.3 μg/g. After the mice were administered (intragastrically) with vanadium-rich C. comatus, the blood glucose of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice was decreased (p < 0.05) and the body weight of the alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice was increased gradually. Thus, we selected C. comatus to absorb vanadium and chose 0.4% as the optimal concentration of vanadium for the pharmacological works. 相似文献
3.
The hypoglycemic activity of fermented mushroom of Grifola frondosa rich in vanadium (GFRV) was studied in this paper. Alloxan- and adrenalin-induced hyperglycemic mice were used in the study.
The blood glucose and the HbA1c of the mice were analyzed respectively. After the mice were administered (ig) with GFRV, the
blood glucose and the HbA1c of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice decreased (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) and ascension of blood glucose induced by adrenalin was inhibited (p < 0.01). Also, the bodyweight of the alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice was increased gradually. In the fermented mushroom
of G. frondosa, vanadium at lower doses in combination with G. frondosa induced significant decreases of the blood glucose and HbA1c levels in hyperglycemic mice. 相似文献
4.
Chunchao Han 《Biological trace element research》2009,131(1):55-61
An attempt has been made to compare the hypoglycemic effect of the organic constituents and the inorganic constituents in
traditional Chinese medicine, Jinqi compound recipe. Alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice were used in the study. The body weights,
blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin secretion, and glycogen synthesis of the mice were analyzed respectively. After the mice were
administered (oral) with organic constituents, the blood glucose and the HbA1c of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice decreased
(p < 0.05, p < 0.01) and the glycogen synthesis of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice elevated (p < 0.05). Also, the body weight of the alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice was increased gradually. However, the same result
did not occur in the inorganic constituent-treated groups. It is noted that neither organic constituents nor inorganic constituents
could elevate the level of serum insulin in the alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice significantly. It is implied that the hypoglycemic
effect for type 2 diabetes was caused by the organic constituents of Jinqi recipe. The results can be used to set new standards
to control the quality of the Jinqi recipe. 相似文献
5.
The effect of fermented mushroom of Coprinus comatus rich in vanadium (CCRV) on glycaemic metabolism was studied in this paper. Alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice were used in this study. The insulin secretion and glycogen synthesis of the mice were analyzed. At the same time, the gluconeogenesis of the normal mice was also determined. The alloxan-damaged pancreatic beta-cells of the mice were also studied in this paper. After the mice were administered (i.g.) with CCRV, the level of insulin secretion and glycogen synthesis of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice elevated (p<0.05, p<0.01) and the gluconeogenesis of the normal mice was inhibited (p<0.01). Also, the alloxan-damaged pancreatic beta-cells of the mice were partly recovered gradually after the mice were administered (i.g.) with CCRV 15 days later. These may account for the causes of CCRV-induced significant decreases of the blood glucose in hyperglycemic mice. 相似文献
6.
The purpose of this study was to examine oxidative stress induced by dietary vanadium in the mucosa of different parts of
intestine including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecal tonsil. A total of 420 1-day-old avian broilers were divided into
six groups and fed on a corn–soybean basal diet as control diet or the same basal diet supplemented with 5, 15, 30, 45, and
60 mg/kg vanadium as ammonium metavanadate. During the experimental period of 42 days, oxidative stress parameters were determined
for both control and experimental groups. The results showed that malondialdehyde content was significantly higher (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in 30, 45, and 60 mg/kg groups than in control group. In contrast, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase,
and glutathione peroxidase, and ability to inhibit hydroxyl radical, and glutathione hormone content were significantly decreased
(p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) mainly in 45 and 60 mg/kg groups in comparison with those of control group. However, the abovementioned oxidative
stress parameters were not significantly changed (p > 0.05) in 5 and 15 mg/kg groups. It was concluded that dietary vanadium in excess of 30 mg/kg could cause obvious oxidative
stress in the intestinal mucosa, which could impact the antioxidant function of intestinal tract in broilers. 相似文献
7.
Chunchao Han Junhua Yuan Yingzi Wang Lingjun Li 《Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology》2006,20(3):191-196
The hypoglycemic activity of fermented mushroom of Coprinus comatus rich in vanadium (CCRV) was studied in this paper. Alloxan and adrenalin induced hyperglycemic mice were used in the study. The blood glucose and the HbA1c of the mice were analyzed, respectively. At the same time, the sugar tolerance of the normal mice was also determined. After the mice were administered (ig) with CCRV, the blood glucose and the HbA1c of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice decreased (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), ascension of blood glucose induced by adrenalin was inhibited (p < 0.01) and the sugar tolerance of the normal mice was improved. Also, the body weight of the alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice was increased gradually. In the fermented mushroom of C. comatus, vanadium at lower doses in combination with C. comatus, induced significant decreases of the blood glucose and HbA1c levels in hyperglycemic mice. 相似文献
8.
Muharrem Bitiren Ali Ziya Karakilcik Mustafa Zerin Ilyas Ozardalı Sehabettin Selek Yaşar Nazlıgül Abdullah Ozgonul Davut Musa Ali Uzunkoy 《Biological trace element research》2010,136(1):87-95
Ulcerative colitis increases oxidative damage accompanied by production of free oxygen radicals. Selenium (Se) and vitamin
E are two natural antioxidants. The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective role of Se and vitamin
E combination in experimental colitis induced by acetic acid (AA) in rats. This study was carried out on three groups, namely
the first (control), the second (experimental colitis group, 2 ml 5% acetic acid), and the third groups (2 ml 5% acetic acid,
vitamin E (100 mg/kg body weight (bw)) plus Se (0.2 mg/kg bw)). The activities of catalase (CAT), prolidase (PRS), myeloperoxidase
(MPO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total thiol (T-SH) were
determined in plasma and colon samples. Macroscopic and microscopic damages in colon were increased by AA treatment (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively), whereas they were decreased by selenium and vitamin E treatment (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The activities of CAT and PRS in the plasma and colon were significantly affected (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) by treatment of AA, Se, and vitamin E. MPO activity in colon was increased (p < 0.01) by AA treatment and decreased (p < 0.05) by Se and vitamin E administration. The values of TOS and OSI in plasma were increased (p < 0.5) by AA. The TAC and T-SH in colon were decreased (p < 0.05) by AA and increased (p < 0.05) by Se and vitamin E. Based upon these results, Se and vitamin E may play an important role in preventive indication
of the oxidative damage associated by acetic acid caused inflammation. 相似文献
9.
Samiran Bisai Dilip Mahalanabis Kaushik Bose 《International Journal of Anthropology》2006,21(3-4):241-246
This study compared several maternal risk factors of low birth weight (LBW) between 204 normal birth weight (NBW) and 133
LBW newborns from Kolkata, India. Based on their birth weight (BW), newborns were classified as LBW (BW < 2.5 kg) and NBW
(BW ≥ 2.5 kg). Results revealed that means for maternal age (MA, p < 0.05), gestational age (GA, p < 0.01), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration (p < 0.05), and per capita daily income (PCDI, p < 0.05) were significantly higher among mothers of NBW. Correlation analyses revealed that MA (r = 0.119, p < 0.05), GA (r = 0.583, p < 0.01), PCDI (r = 0.118, p < 0.05), and Hb (r = 0.138, p < 0.05) were significantly positively correlated with BW; PCDI was also significantly positively correlated (r = 0.142, p < 0.01) with Hb. Stepwise regression analyses with BW as the dependent variable revealed that GA (t = 7.915, p < 0.001) and Hb (t = 2.057, p < 0.05) were the most important predictive variables. The effect of Hb, independent of GA, was statistically significant
(change in F = 4.231, p < 0.05). Because GA is not modifiable in pregnant women, there is a need to increase Hb levels among pregnant mothers. Most
importantly, appropriately targeted preventive strategies, including iron supplementation, need to be implemented for health
promotion. 相似文献
10.
Shikha Mehta Prashant Kumar Rai Devendra Kumar Rai Nilesh Kumar Rai A. K. Rai Dane Bicanic Bechan Sharma Geeta Watal 《Food biophysics》2010,5(3):186-192
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the elements of the extract of seed from Emblica officinalis on antioxidant enzymes and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes membrane in normal as well as streptozotocin-induced severely
diabetic albino Wister rats. The results revealed that the untreated diabetic rats exhibited increase in oxidative stress
as indicated by significantly diminished activities of free radical scavenging enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide
dismutase (SOD) by 37.5% (p < 0.001) and 18.6% (p < 0.01), respectively. However, the E. officinalis seed extract treatment showed marked improvements in CAT and SOD activities by 47.09% (p < 0.001) and 21.61% (p < 0.001), respectively. The enhanced lipid peroxidation by 30.87% (p < 0.001) in erythrocytes of untreated diabetic rats was significantly accentuated in the extract treated animals by 23.72%
(p < 0.001). The erythrocytes showed increased osmotic fragility due to diabetes in terms of hemolysis. It attained the normal
level in diabetic treated group. The findings thus suggest that E. officinalis seed extract has the potential to be exploited as an agent to boost the antioxidant system in the diabetic animal model.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has been used as an analytical tool to detect major and minor elements like Mg, Fe, Na,
K, Zn, Ca, H, O, C, and N present in the extract. The higher concentration of Ca (II), Mg (II) and Fe (II) as reflected by
their intensities are responsible for the antioxidant potential of E. officinalis. 相似文献
11.
Sudipto Haldar Souvik Mondal Saikat Samanta Tapan Kumar Ghosh 《Biological trace element research》2009,131(2):110-123
The effects of supplemental chromium (Cr) as chromic chloride hexahydrate in incremental dose levels (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/day
for 240 days) on metabolism of nutrients and trace elements were determined in dwarf Bengal goats (Capra hircus, castrated males, average age 3 months, n = 24, initial mean body weight 6.4 ± 0.22 kg). Live weight increased linearly (p < 0.05) with the level of supplemental Cr. Organic matter and crude protein digestibility, intake of total digestible nutrients,
and retention of N (g/g N intake) increased (p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent linear manner. Serum cholesterol and tryacylglycerol concentrations changed inversely with the
dose of supplemental Cr (p < 0.01). Supplemental Cr positively influenced retention of copper and iron (p < 0.05) causing linear increase (p < 0.01) in their serum concentrations. It was concluded that Cr supplementation may improve utilization of nutrients including
the trace elements and may also elicit a hypolidemic effect in goats. However, further study with regards to optimization
of dose is warranted. 相似文献
12.
Sixty nine hammerhead sharks, Sphyrna lewini, were tagged at Malpelo Island (Colombia) with ultrasonic transmitters during March 2006, 2007 and 2008, as part of a study
to understand their residency at the island and their horizontal and vertical movements. Five sharks visited Cocos Island,
627 km distant from Malpelo. One of the sharks that appeared at Cocos Island also visited the Galapagos Islands, 710 km from
Cocos, a month later. There is connectivity of Sphyrna lewini between Malpelo, Cocos and the Galapagos Islands, but the frequency of movements between the islands appears to be relatively
low (<7% of the tagged sharks). The most common depth at which the sharks swam coincided with the thermocline (rs = 0.72, p < 0.01). The depth of the thermocline varied depending on the time of the year. Nocturnal detections of the sharks were more
frequent during the cold season than during the warm season (W = 60, p < 0.01). We also found that hammerheads spent significantly more time on the up-current side of the island (Kruskal-Wallis = 31.1008;
p < 0.01). This study contributes to the knowledge of hammerhead sharks not only in Malpelo Island but also at a regional level
in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. 相似文献
13.
14.
In this study, copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and iron of urine and hair were measured in the patients with
tuberculous (TB) pleurisy (n = 24) and in the control group (n = 20). Selenium, magnesium, and zinc of hair were found to be significantly lower in TB pleurisy cases than those in the
control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, and p < 0.01, respectively). On the contrary, selenium and magnesium of urine were found to be significantly elevated in TB pleurisy
cases than those in the control group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the value of manganese and iron between TB pleurisy and the
control group (p > 0.05). Copper level were significantly increased in hair and decreased in urine of the patients (p < 0.01). The occurrence of these abnormalities constitutes new information regarding trace elements in TB pleurisy patients.
These results may provide an additional disease correlate for assessing TB pleurisy risk. 相似文献
15.
Haibo Xue Weiwei Wang Zhongyan Shan Yuanbin Li Yushu Li Xiaochun Teng Yun Gao Chenling Fan Weiping Teng 《Biological trace element research》2011,143(1):292-301
Iodine is an essential trace element for thyroid hormone synthesis and metabolism, either low or high intake may lead to thyroid
disease, but the pathogenetic mechanisms by which iodine interacts with the thyroid autoimmune are poorly understood. We investigated
the dynamic changes of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in NOD.H-2h4 mice with iodine-induced autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), and explore potential immune mechanism of AIT induced by iodine. NOD.H-2h4 mice were randomly divided into two groups, and received plain water or water containing 0.005% sodium iodide. Eight weeks
after iodine provision, the incidences of thyroiditis, relative weights of thyroids, and serum thyroglobulin antibody titers
in the iodine-supplied groups were significantly increased compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). The AIT mice had fewer CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells and reduced Foxp3 mRNA expression in splenocytes compared with the controls (p < 0.01), and maintained relatively low levels during the development of thyroiditis. The changes described above aggravated
gradually with the extension of iodine treatment. These data suggest that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells may be involved in the pathogenesis and development of AIT induced by iodine. 相似文献
16.
A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments in randomized design was conducted to investigate the effect of different selenomethionine
(SM) sources and levels on the productive performance of breeder hens and the Se distribution in the inclusion of eggs and
serum and tissues of breeder hens and its offspring. A total of 480 Ling-Nan-Huang breeder hens, 48 weeks of age, were allocated
to four treatments, each of which included three replicates of 40 hens. Pretreatment period was 2 weeks, and the experiment
lasted 8 weeks. Two SM forms of dl-SM and l-SM were supplemented at 0.15 or 0.30 mg Se/kg into the basal diet. Results showed that the Se level of 0.15 mg/kg supplemented
in the diet, compared to 0.30 mg/kg, significantly elevated the percentage of egg production (p < 0.05), hatchability (p < 0.01), and birthrate (p < 0.01), whereas the Se level of 0.30 mg/kg led to a higher Se content in egg contents, serum, and all tissues (p < 0.01). In addition, the form of dl-SM showed a significant increase in Se content of egg inclusion (p < 0.01), serum (p < 0.01), and all tissues (p < 0.01, except breeder hens’ pancreas and its offspring’s liver and breast muscle). The birthrate and yolk Se content were
markedly influenced by the interaction between Se source and Se level (p < 0.01). The above results suggested that dl-SM, compared to l-SM, had a similar equal effect on the performance of breeder hens, but dl-SM was superior to l-SM with respect to selenium distribution in egg inclusion, serum, and tissues. 相似文献
17.
Güçlü BK Kara K Beyaz L Uyanik F Eren M Atasever A 《Biological trace element research》2008,125(2):160-169
This study was performed to determine the effects of copper proteinate on performance, blood chemistry, lipid peroxidation
status, and organs as well as copper deposition in the liver and eggs of laying hens. Seventy-two 30-week-old Bovans laying
hens were distributed into four groups with three replicates. Animals were fed basal diet containing at least 17% crude protein
and 2,800 kcal/kg metabolizable energy supplemented with either 0, 150, 300, or 450 mg/kg copper as copper proteinate. Supplementation
of 150 and 300 mg/kg copper increased egg production, whereas 450 mg/kg copper decreased (p < 0.001). Liver copper levels were elevated in 300 and 450 mg/kg copper-supplemented groups (p < 0.001). Egg copper contents increased in all treatment groups (p < 0.01). An increase in glucose (p < 0.001) and decreases in albumin (p < 0.01) and total cholesterol (p < 0.05) levels were determined with 300 and 450 mg/kg copper. Supplementation of 450 mg/kg copper increased alkaline phosphatase
and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activities (p < 0.05), malondialdehyde, and high-density lipoprotein levels (p < 0.01) but decreased alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities (p < 0.01). No gross and microscopic changes were observed in the liver and kidneys. These results indicated that 150 and 300 mg/kg
copper increased egg production without having marked adverse effects, but 450 mg/kg copper altered some blood chemistry variables
and reduced egg production in laying hens. 相似文献
18.
A feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of montmorillonite superfine composite (MSC) on growth performance and tissue
lead levels in pigs. Sixty barrows were randomly divided into two groups. They were fed the same basal diet supplemented with
0 or 0.5% MSC, respectively, for 100 days. Serum samples were collected and analyzed to study growth hormone secretion pattern.
The mean lead concentration in selected tissues was analyzed. The results showed that average daily gain, average daily feed
intake, and feed conversion ratio of pigs were improved by 8.97% (p < 0.05), 3.90% (p < 0.05), and 4.76% (p < 0.05), respectively, with the supplementation of MSC compared to the control group. Serum sample analysis indicated that
peak amplitude, base-line level, and mean level of growth hormone were increased by 117.14% (p < 0.01), 42.78% (p < 0.01), and 51.75% (p < 0.01), respectively. Supplementation of MSC in the diet was found to significantly reduce lead concentration of tissues
in blood, brain, liver, bone, kidney and hair. 相似文献
19.
YongXia Wang XiuAn Zhan XiWen Zhang RuJuan Wu Dong Yuan 《Biological trace element research》2011,143(1):261-273
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different sources of dietary selenium (Se) supplementation on growth
performance, meat quality, Se deposition, and antioxidant property in broilers. A total of 600 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers
with an average body weight (BW) of 44.30 ± 0.49 g were randomly allotted to three treatments, each of which included five
replicates of 40 birds. These three groups received the same basal diet containing 0.04 mg Se/kg, supplemented with 0.15 mg
Se/kg from sodium selenite (SS) or from l-selenomethionine (l-Se-methionine (Met)) or from d-selenomethionine (d-Se-Met). The experiment lasted 42 days. Both Se source and time significantly influenced (p < 0.01) drip loss of breast muscle. Supplementation with l-Se-Met and d-Se-Met were more effective (p < 0.05) in decreasing drip loss than SS. Besides, the pH value of breast muscle was also significantly influenced (p < 0.05) by time. The SS-supplemented diet increased more (p < 0.05) liver, kidney, and pancreas glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities than the d-Se-Met-supplemented diet. In addition, l-Se-Met increased more (p < 0.01) liver and pancreas GSH-Px activities than d-Se-Met. The antioxidant status was greatly improved in broilers of l-Se-Met-treated group in comparison with the SS-treated group and was illuminated by the increased glutathione (GSH) concentration
in serum, liver, and breast muscle (p < 0.05); superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in liver (p < 0.01); total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) in kidney, pancreas, and breast muscle (p < 0.05) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in kidney and breast muscle (p < 0.05) of broilers. Besides, supplementation with d-Se-Met was more effective (p < 0.01) in increasing serum GSH concentration and decreasing breast muscle MDA concentration than SS. l-Selenomethionine supplementation significantly increased GSH concentration in liver and breast muscle (p < 0.05); SOD activity in liver (p < 0.01); and T-AOC in liver, pancreas, and breast muscle (p < 0.05) of broilers, compared with broilers fed d-Se-Met diet. The addition of l-Se-Met and d-Se-Met increased (p < 0.01) Se concentration in serum and different organs studied of broilers in comparision with broilers fed SS diet. Therefore,
dietary l-Se-Met and d-Se-Met supplementation could improve antioxidant capability and Se deposition in serum and tissues and reduce drip loss of
breast muscle in broilers compared with SS. Besides, l-Se-Met is more effective than d-Se-Met in improving antioxidant status in broilers. 相似文献
20.
Since genetic damage induced by ethanol exposure is controversial and incomplete and because germ and somatic cells constitute
bioindicators for monitoring reproductive toxicity and genotoxic actions of ethanol consumption, the purpose of the present
investigation was to evaluate morphological sperm, oocyte alterations and parental genotoxic effects after sub-chronic ethanol
intake in the CF-1 outbred mouse strain. Ethanol 10% was administered to CF-1 adult male (treated males, TM) and female (treated
females, TF) mice for 27 days, whereas water was given to controls from both sexes too (CM and CF). Post-treatment micronucleus
frequency (MN-PCE/1,000/mouse) and gamete morphology were evaluated. To test whether change of female reproductive status
results in maternal genotoxicity, CF-1 females received ethanol 10% (exposed group, periconceptionally treated females (PTF))
or water (control group, pregnant control females (PCF)) in drinking water for 17 days previous and up to 10 days of gestation.
TM had a high percentage of abnormal spermatozoa vs CM (p < 0.001) and elevated parthenogenetic activated oocyte frequency appeared in TF vs CF (p < 0.001). Sub-chronic ethanol ingestion induced increased MN frequency in TM and TF (p < 0.01). In PTF, where blood alcohol concentrations were between 19–28 mg/dl, very significantly increased MN frequency was
found vs PCF (p < 0.01), whereas MN values were similar to TF. These results show that sub-chronic alcohol ingestion in CF-1 mice produces
sperm head dysmorphogenesis and oocyte nuclear anomalies, suggesting that morphological abnormalities in germ cells are probably
related to parental genotoxicity after ethanol consumption. 相似文献