海洋弧菌褐藻胶裂解酶的分离纯化及性质

从海带糜烂物中分离到一株高产胞外褐藻胶裂解酶的海洋弧菌 (Vibriosp .QY10 1) ,利用硫酸铵沉淀、离子交换层析、凝胶过滤层析等方法从发酵液中分离纯化了褐藻胶裂解酶 (alginatelyase)。SDS PAGE电泳结果表明 ,该酶分子量为 39kD。酶反应最适pH为 7.5 ,最适反应温度为 30℃。Na 、Ca2 、Mn2 对酶活性有促进作用 ,Fe2 、Ni2 以及EDTA对酶活性有抑制作用。酶的底物专一性初步分析结果表明 ,该酶具有降解多聚古罗糖醛酸[poly(G) ]及多聚甘露糖醛酸 [poly(M) ]的活性。     

A Novel Alginate Lyase with High Activity on Acetylated Alginate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa FRD1 from Pseudomonas sp. QD03

Summary To exploit alginate lyase which could degrade bacterial alginates, degenerate PCR and long range-inverse PCR (LR-IPCR) were used to isolate alginate lyase genes from soil bacteria. Gene algL, an alginate lyase-encoding gene from Pseudomonas sp. QD03 was cloned, and it was composed of a 1122 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 373 amino acid residues with the calculated molecular mass of 42.2 kDa. The deduced protein had a potential N-terminal signal peptide of 20 amino acid residues that was consistent with its proposed periplasmic location. Gene algL was expressed in pET24a (+)/E. coli BL21 (DE3) system. The recombinant AlgL was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity using affinity chromatography. The molecular weight of AlgL was estimated to be 42.8 kDa by SDS-PAGE. AlgL exhibited maximal activity at pH 7.5 and 37 °C. Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Ba²⁺ significantly enhanced the activity of AlgL. AlgL could degrade alginate and mannuronate blocks, but hardly degrade guluronate blocks. In particular, AlgL could degrade acetylated alginate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa FRD1 (approximately 0.54 mol of O-acetyl group per mol of alginate). It might be possible to use alginate lyase AlgL as an adjuvant therapeutic medicine for the treatment of disease associated with P. aeruginosa infection.     

Characterization of alginate lyase (ALYII) from Pseudomonas sp. OS-ALG-9 expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli

An alginate lyase named ALYII was purified to homogeneity from Escherichia coli JM109 carrying a recombinant plasmid, pJK26 harbouring the alyII gene from Pseudomonas sp. OS-ALG-9 by column chromatography with DEAE-cellulose, CM-Sephadex C-50, butyl-Toyopearl 650 M and isoelectric focusing. The molecular size of the purified ALYII was estimated to be 79 kDa by SDS-PAGE and its pI was 8.3. The enzyme was most active at pH 7.0 and 30 °C. Its activity was completely inhibited by Hg²⁺. The enzyme was poly -D-1, 4-mannuronate-specific rather than -D-1, 4-guluronate-specific and it showed a promotion effect in alginate degradation by combination with ALY, an another poly -D-1, 4-mannuronate-specific alginate lyase from the same strain.     

褐藻胶裂解酶产生菌的分离鉴定及产酶发酵优化

对一株从腐烂海带中筛选得到的产褐藻胶裂解酶的菌株进行鉴定,并对其产酶条件进行发酵优化。经形态学、生理生化特征和分子生物学鉴定,将其鉴定为盐单胞菌属,并命名为Halomonas sp. WF6。通过在摇瓶培养水平上进行单因素和多因素正交试验,确定褐藻胶裂解酶产生菌WF6的最适产酶培养基为：褐藻酸钠6.0 g/L,蛋白胨5.0 g/L,酵母粉2.5 g/L,NaCl 30 g/L,K⁺ 5 mmol/L。进而采用最适培养基进行产酶条件的优化,优化后的发酵产酶条件为：初始pH 8.0,培养温度25℃,接种量为2%,摇瓶装液量30 ml/250 ml,培养时间39 h。优化后的褐藻胶裂解酶酶活达117.66 U/ml,是优化前的2.1倍。该酶对褐藻酸钠的酶解产物主要由聚合度为二和三的褐藻寡糖组成。     

Cloning and Nucleotide Sequence of the Mycodextranase Gene from Streptomyces sp. J-13-3

Mycodextranase (EC 3.2.1.61) is an α-glucanase that cleaves α-1,4-bonds of alternating α-1,3- and α-1,4-linked D-glucan (nigeran). The gene encoding mycodextranase from Streptomyces sp. J-13-3 was cloned by hybridization with a degenerate oligonucleotide probe from the amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme and its nucleotide structure was analyzed. The open reading frame consisted of 1,803 base pairs encoding a signal peptide of 60 amino acids and a mature protein of 540 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 56,078. The deduced amino acid sequence showed weak similality to a chitinase homolog from Streptomyces lividans and a chitinase from Xanthomonas sp.     

来自Yeosuana marina sp.JLT21内切型海藻酸裂解酶的异源表达及酶学表征

褐藻寡糖有着丰富的生物学功能,酶法制备功能性褐藻寡糖具有重要实践应用价值.为发掘高活性及稳定性的褐藻寡糖制备酶,对浅海热液嗜热菌Yeosuana marina sp.JLT21中的海藻酸裂解酶YMA-1的基因在大肠杆菌中进行表达、纯化及酶活鉴定.结果发现YMA-1由306个氨基酸残基构成,是多糖裂解酶家族7(PL7)新...     

Cloning and Characterization of the Gene Encoding Pyrroloquinoline Quinone-dependent Poly (vinyl alcohol) Dehydrogenase of Pseudomonas sp. Strain VM15C

A gene library of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-degrading Pseudomonas sp. strain VM15C was constructed in Escherichia coli with the vector pUC18. Screening of this library with a chromogenic PVA dehydrogenase assay resulted in the isolation of a clone that carries the gene (pdh) for the PVA dehydrogenase, and the entire nucleotide sequence of its structural gene was determined. The gene encodes a protein of 639 amino acid residues (68,045 Da) and in the deduced amino acid sequence, some putative functional sites, a signal sequence, a heme c-binding site, and a PQQ-binding site, were detected. The amino acid sequence showed low similarity to other types of quinoprotein dehydrogenases. PVA dehydrogenase expressed in E. coli clones required PQQ. Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ stimulated the activity. PVA-dependent heme c reduction occurred with exogenous PQQ in cell extracts of the E. coli clone. The PVA dehydrogenase in the E. coli clone was localized in the cytoplasm.     

Cloning, expression and characterization of L-cysteine desulfhydrase gene from Pseudomonas sp. TS1138

L-cysteine desulthydrase (CD) plays an important role in L-cysteine decomposition.To identify the CD gene in Pseudomonas sp.TS 1138 and investigate its effect on the L-cysteine biosynthetic pathway,the CD gene was cloned from Pseudomonas sp.TS 1138 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.The nucleotide sequence of CD gene was determined to be 1,215 bp,and its homology with other sequences encoding CD was analyzed.Then the CD gene was subcloned into pET-21a(+) vector and expressed in Escherichia coli (E.coli) by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) inducement.The recombinant CD was purified by Ni-NTA His-Bind resin,and its activity was identified by the CD activity staining.The enzymatic properties of the recombinant CD were characterized and its critical role involved in the L-cysteine biosynthetic pathway was also discussed.     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Vibrio halioticoli Genes Encoding Three Types of Polyguluronate Lyase

The alginate lyase-coding genes of Vibrio halioticoli IAM 14596^T, which was isolated from the gut of the abalone Haliotis discus hannai, were cloned using plasmid vector pUC 18, and expressed in Escherichia coli. Three alginate lyase-positive clones, pVHB, pVHC, and pVHE, were obtained, and all clones expressed the enzyme activity specific for polyguluronate. Three genes, alyVG1, alyVG2, and alyVG3, encoding polyguluronate lyase were sequenced: alyVG1 from pVHB was composed of a 1056-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 352 amino acid residues; alyVG2 gene from pVHC was composed of a 993-bp ORF encoding 331 amino acid residues; and alyVG3 gene from pVHE was composed of a 705-bp ORF encoding 235 amino acid residues. Comparison of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences among AlyVG1, AlyVG2, and AlyVG3 revealed low homologies. The identity value between AlyVG1 and AlyVG2 was 18.7%, and that between AlyVG2 and AlyVG3 was 17.0%. A higher identity value (26.0%) was observed between AlyVG1 and AlyVG3. Sequence comparison among known polyguluronate lyases including AlyVG1, AlyVG2, and AlyVG3 also did not reveal an identical region in these sequences. However, AlyVG1 showed the highest identity value (36.2%) and the highest similarity (73.3%) to AlyA from Klebsiella pneumoniae. A consensus region comprising nine amino acid (YFKAGXYXQ) in the carboxy-terminal region previously reported by Mallisard and colleagues was observed only in AlyVG1 and AlyVG2. Received May 7, 1999; accepted September 4, 1999.     

一株假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)L-1菌株γ-丁基甜菜碱羟化酶基因bbh 的克隆、表达及酶学性质

【目的】γ-丁基甜菜碱羟化酶是生物体内合成L-肉碱的关键酶。从假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)L-1中克隆γ-丁基甜菜碱羟化酶基因,实现其在大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)中的高效表达,并对表达产物进行酶学性质分析,为生物转化生产L-肉碱奠定基础。【方法】通过PCR克隆γ-丁基甜菜碱羟化酶基因,并将其开放阅读框(ORF)克隆至融合表达载体pET-15b;表达产物经His.Bind Resin纯化后对BBH进行酶学性质及三维空间结构分析;并以静止细胞进行L-肉碱的转化。【结果】成功地克隆了一个γ-丁基甜菜碱羟化酶基因bbh(GenBank:JQ250036),并实现了其在E.coli中的高效表达。融合蛋白以同源二聚体的形式存在,单个亚基的分子量约46.5 kDa,最适反应温度为30℃,最适反应pH为7.5。该酶在45℃以下稳定。在pH6.0时该酶有最高的pH稳定性。以表达bbh基因的重组大肠杆菌静止细胞转化L-肉碱,L-肉碱产量可达12.7mmol/L。【结论】Pseudomonas sp.L-1γ-丁基甜菜碱羟化酶与现有报道的bbh基因有较大的差异。由该基因表达的γ-丁基甜菜碱羟化酶能有效地转化γ-丁基甜菜碱生成L-肉碱。本研究不仅丰富了γ-丁基甜菜碱羟化酶基因资源,而且为L-肉碱的生物转化提供了一种新的转化方案。     

In Situ Polymerase Chain Reaction Visualization of Vibrio halioticoli Using Alginate Lyase Gene AlyVG2

A prokaryotic in situ polymerase chain reaction (PI-PCR) technique was applied to visualize Vibrio halioticoli cells using alginate lyase gene alyVG2 as a target gene. Prior to PI-PCR, a primer set, VG2-OS3, for specific amplification of an approximately 1.0-kb fragment from V. halioticoli genomic DNA was developed with amplified fragments from V. pelagius and V. fischeri DNAs as reference strains. One-stage PI-PCR using the primer set, digoxigenin-labeled dUTP, and indirect alkaline-phosphatase-linked fluorescence detection technique (HNPP/Fast Red TR as a substrate) failed to differentiate V. halioticoli IAM14596^T cells from ATCC25916^T cells of the closely related species V. pelagius. However, two-stage PI-PCR adding the extension and digoxigenin-labeling step of the amplified fragment into the first amplification stage allowed us to differentiate V. halioticoli cells from V. pelagius cells. Received May 7, 1999; accepted September 4, 1999.     

南极嗜冷假单胞菌7197 S- 腺苷同型半胱氨酸水解酶 ( SAHH) 基因的克隆与序列分析

从南极普利兹湾深海沉积物中筛选到一株耐冷菌株7197,其16S rDNA序列分析表明该菌株属于假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）。作者通过设计引物,从该菌的全基因组DNA中克隆到编码S-腺苷-L-高半胱氨酸（SAHH）的完整ORF,全长为1424bp。使用DNAMAN（5,1）软件对全长ORF为1424bp的SAHH基因进行分析,SAHH基因编码一个由474AA残基组成、分子量预计为52523Da的SAHH蛋白质,与Psychrobacter sp．273—4的SAHH有96．84％的相似性;与Acinetobacter sp．ADP1的SAHH有79％的相似性;与Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5的SAHH有75％的相似性。     

Cloning and Characterization of Alginate Lyase from a Marine Bacterium Streptomyces sp. ALG-5

A marine bacterium was isolated from seaweeds for its ability to degrade alginate. Analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA sequence and chemotaxonomic characterizations revealed that the strain belongs to Streptomyces. The alginate lyase gene of Streptomyces sp. ALG-5 was cloned by using PCR with the specific primer designed from homologous nucleotide sequences. The consensus sequences of N-terminal YXRSELREM and C-terminal YFKAGXYXQ were conserved in the ALG-5 alginate lyase gene. The recombinant alginate lyase was purified by using Ni-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The alginate lyase appears to be poly-guluronate lyase degrading poly-G block preferentially than poly-M block. The degraded products were determined to be di-, tri-, tetra- and pentasaccharides by using BioGel P-2 gel filtration chromatography and ionization mass spectroscopy method.     

Cloning and Sequencing Analysis of Alginate Lyase Genes from the Marine Bacterium Vibrio sp. O2

We isolated a new marine bacteria, which displayed alginate-depolymerizing activity in plate assays, from seawater in Mihonoseki Harbor, Japan. Analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence of one of the isolates proved that this alginate-depolymerizing bacterium belonged to the genus Vibrio and it was named Vibrio sp. O2. The alginate lyase genes of Vibrio sp. O2 were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Two alginate lyase-producing clones, pVOA-A4 and pVOA-B5, were obtained. The alginate lyase gene alyVOA from pVOA-A4 was composed of an 858-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 285 amino acid residues, while alyVOB from pVOA-B5 was composed of an 828-bp ORF encoding 275 amino acid residues. The degree of identity between the deduced amino acid sequences of AlyVOA or AlyVOB and Photobacterium sp. ATCC43367 alginate poly(ManA)lyase AlxM was 92.3% or 32.6%, respectively. Alginate lyase consensus regions corresponding to the sequences YFKAGXYXQ and RXELR were observed in all three of these sequences. AlyVOA and AlyVOB both degraded polymannuronate in plate assays and were therefore confirmed to be poly(β-D-mannuronate)lyases.     

双烯内酯水解酶基因的克隆和序列分析*

从土壤中分离到一株降解2,4-二氯酚能力较强的假单胞菌菌株GT241-1,从中克隆出参与降解2,4-二氯酚的双烯内酯水解酶基因(dcpD)。该基因编码的双烯内酯水解酶可将顺式-2-氯双烯内酯水解成2-氯马来乙酸。采用的基因克隆策略是用Southem杂交对其邻近基因进行定位后构建基因组库,再用斑点杂交筛选目的转化子。经序列测定得知dcpD基因编码区702bp。核苷酸和推测编码的氨基酸序列分析表明,dcpD与已在GenBank登记的相关基因有一定的差异。     

果胶酶基因片段的克隆及其序列分析

根据Genbank上登录的果胶酶基因序列设计三对不同果胶酶片段的引物,从本实验室已筛选的一株具有降解果胶质功能的细菌(暂编号为:C105)中克隆到了果胶裂解酶(PL)和果胶甲酯酶(PE)基因片段。通过分析,PL基因片段与PE基因片段均与来源Erwiniachrysanthemi的果胶裂解酶和果胶甲酯酶基因的同源性很高,达到90%以上。     

茶树脂氢过氧化物裂解酶基因CsiHPL1的克隆及表达

根据茶树基因CsiHPL1的cDNA序列设计引物,采用RT-PCR方法从茶树品种龙井43′中克隆了CsiHPL1序列,并分析了CsiHPL1在生物和非生物胁迫下的诱导表达情况及亚细胞定位。结果表明,CsiHPL1包含一个1 476 bp的最大开放阅读框,编码491个氨基酸,预测为13-HPL基因。Real-Time PCR分析结果表明,CsiHPL1的表达受到茶尺蠖取食、机械损伤和茉莉酸的诱导;构建了CsiHPL1与绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）基因的重组表达载体,经农杆菌瞬时转化烟草叶片,利用激光共聚焦显微镜在叶绿体中观察到GFP荧光,表明CsiHPL1编码的蛋白质为叶绿体蛋白质。     

Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase from Pseudomonas sp. Strain ND6: Gene Sequence and Enzyme Characterization

The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) gene in naphthalene catabolic plasmid pND6-1 of Pseudomonas sp. ND6 was cloned and sequenced. The C23O gene was consisted of 924 nucleotides and encoded a polypeptide of molecular weight 36 kDa containing 307 amino acid residues. The C23O of Pseudomonas sp. ND6 exhibited 93% and 89% identities in amino acid sequence with C23Os encoded by naphthalene catabolic plasmid NAH7 from Pseudomonas putida G7 and the chromosome of Pseudomonas stutzeri AN10 respectively. The Pseudomonas sp. ND6 C23O gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli DH 5α using the lac promoter of pUC18, and its gene product was purified by DEAE-Sephacel and Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B chromatography. The enzymology experiments indicated that the specific activity and thermostability of C23O from Pseudomonas sp. ND6 were better than those of C23O from Pseudomonas putida G7.     

诺卡氏菌酰胺酶基因的分子克隆及在大肠杆菌中表达的初步研究

酰胺酶是一种重要的工业酶。利用生物信息学手段,在和已知酰胺酶基因序列分析比对的基础上,首次从Ncordiasp.YS-2002中成功地克隆得到酰胺酶基因ami,并对其基因序列及氨基酸序列的性质进行了分析。结果表明,所得酰胺酶基因ami片段大小共为1446bp,由启动子区、阅读框和回文结构终止区三部分构成。序列分析和进化树分析表明,Ncordiasp.YS-2002酰胺酶是一种比较特殊的酰胺酶,不含大多数酰胺酶共同具有的保守区序列。进一步将酰胺酶基因连接到pET-28a( )上,转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中筛选获得重组菌株PEAB。酶活测定结果表明重组菌具有酰胺酶酶活,但较低,其原因可能是因为大量表达的产物主要以包涵体的形式存在。     

木瓜凝乳酶基因的克隆及序列分析

通过设计一对特异性的引物,采用RT－PCR方法从未成熟的木瓜组织中扩增得到木瓜凝乳酶基因,并将其重组到pPIC9K载体中,转化大肠杆菌并筛选阳性克隆,序列测定并利用BLAST软件进行核酸及氨基酸序列相似性分析,结果表明：通过序列组成及特征结构分析,扩增得到的基因为木瓜凝乳酶基因。