共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):1382-1385
Oxazolomycin diacetate, dipropionate, monobutyrate and dibutyrate were derived from oxazolomycin, a product of Streptomyces sp. KBFP-2025. These esters were potent inhibitors of crown gall formation on potato tuber disks upon infection with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. They showed neither antibacterial nor phytotoxic activity, whereas oxazolomycin showed both antibacterial and phytotoxic activities. Further, they had no inhibitory activity against A. tumefaciens on the potato tuber disk. The inhibitory activity of these esters against crown gall formation seems to be due to specific inhibition of the transformation of plants with A. tumefaciens. 相似文献
2.
Exogenously added indole-3-acetic acid at a concentration of 100 micromolars stimulates d-glucose uptake (or 3-O-methyl-d-glucose uptake) by 25% in crown gall tumors induced on potato tuber tissue by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C 58. The titration of the endogenous IAA with the auxin antagonist 2-naphthaleneacetic acid at 100 micromolars reduces d-glucose uptake by about 80%. The apparent inhibition constant Ki is 21 micromolars. Other auxin antagonists like 1-naphthoxyacetic acid and 2-(p-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropionic acid show similar effects. The uptake of the amino acids leucine, methionine, tryptophan, lysine, and aspartic acid is also inhibited by 2-naphthaleneacetic acid to similar degrees. The auxins 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid at concentrations between 10 and 100 micromolars inhibit solute uptake only slightly (inhibition less than 20%). The impact of the results on the postulated role of indole-3-acetic acid as a modifier of the electrochemical proton gradient across the plasmalemma in crown gall tumor tissue is discussed. 相似文献
3.
Ivan Šimko 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》1994,13(2):73-77
Stems of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Dianella) were immersed in solutions containing water (control), sucrose, glucose, paclobutrazol, and gibberellic acid. The effects of these treatments on the ethylene release, levels of endogenous gibberellins, glucose, sucrose, and starch were correlated with tuberization of nodal cuttings, excised from potato stems. Paclobutrazol and sucrose improved the percent of tuberization and/or increased tuber weight. In contrast, GA3 inhibited tuber formation compared with the control. The level of endogenous free GAs was negatively correlated with percent tuberization. However, the level of conjugated GAs was positively correlated with both percent tuberization and tuber weight. The effect of sucrose on potato tuber induction in relation to the possible role of sucrose in GA-conjugate formation is discussed. 相似文献
4.
DNA from Agrobacterium rhizogenes in transferred to and expressed in axenic hairy root plant tissues
Lothar Willmitzer José Sanchez-Serrano Ellen Buschfeld Jeff Schell 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1982,186(1):16-22
Summary Axenic root tissue cultures were established from primary hairy roots induced on carrot and potato by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain 15834. cDNA made towards poly-A+ RNA isolated from these tissues, hybridized with a limited number of well-defined fragments of the plasmid DNA present in the inciting A. rhizogenes strain. These data therefore demonstrate that at least part of the rootinducing (Ri) plasmid of Agrobacterium rhizogenes is transferred, stably maintained and expressed in hairy-root plant tissues and confirm that hairy roots are a special type of crown gall. The T-DNA in hairy-root cells appears to have several regions which are related in terms of sequence homology and probably also function to the T-DNA in octopine and nopaline crown gall tumours. 相似文献
5.
U. Darsow 《Journal of Phytopathology》1992,135(3):199-206
The effects and risks involved with the small tuber assay in plant breeding programmes with potato seedlings for resistance to Phytophthora infestans In an assay which involved 838 potato seedlings, the relative resistance to leaf-Phytophthora (KRG) was tested at the 4–6 leaf growth stage, and the relative tuber resistance to infection was determined on small pot-grown tubers (BK) and, in the following 2 years, in slices from field-grown potatoes (Bs). The small tuber assay is described and its value as a measure of disease resistance, compared with the potato slice assay, discussed. Among 357 leaf-Phytophthora susceptible clones (KRG≤ 5) were 10 clones with a good to very good tuber resistance. 18 of 204 leaf-Phytophthora highly resistant idiotypes were extremely susceptible to tuber rot. After discarding those seedlings which showed KRG-values ≤ 5 and BX-values ≤ 5, 208 of the remaining 241 (= 86 %) tuber rot resistance carrying seedlings were selected. 14 % of the clones which showed adequate resistance in the potato slice assay were falsely discarded according to the small tuber assay. 80 clones remained as ballast in the field trials (BK≤ 5, Bs≤ 6.4), 160 (33 % of the idiotypes tested) had been correctly eliminated. The work-intensive small tuber assay presents a possibility by which breeding material can already be reduced in the seedling stage. In this respect there must be a pronounced genetic differentiation present in the potato population and the selection procedure carried out must not be too harsh. 相似文献
6.
Induction of phytoalexin formation in crown gall and hairy root culture of Salvia miltiorrhiza by methyl viologen 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Methyl viologen (MV) (20–150 M), a generator of superoxide anion (O2
–), but not hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (10 M–2 mM) triggered the formation of cryptotanshinone (a phytoalexin) in cultures of both crown galls and hairy roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza. MV also inhibited the biomass formation and decreased the contents of phenolic acids in both cultures whereas H2O2 did not. In addition, MV and yeast elicitor induced cryptotanshinone formation synergistically only in crown gall cultures. Treatment of the cultures with 3.3 M diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidase, did not exhibit any detrimental effect on the yeast elicitor-induced cryptotanshinone formation in hairy root cultures whereas 1 M diphenylene iodonium was inhibitory on yeast elicitor-induced cryptotanshinone formation in crown gall cultures. 相似文献
7.
Erwinia carotovora subspecies betavasculorum, also known as E. betavasculorum and Pectobacterium betavasculorum, is a soil bacterium that has the capacity to cause root rot necrosis of sugarbeets. The qualitatively different pathogenicity exhibited by the virulent E. carotovora strain and two avirulent strains, a Citrobacter sp. and an Enterobacter cloacae, was examined using digital analysis of photographic evidence of necrosis as well as for carbohydrate, ethane, and ethylene
release compared with uninoculated potato tuber slices. Visual scoring of necrosis was superior to digital analysis of photographs.
The release of carbohydrates and ethane from potato tuber slices inoculated with the soft rot necrosis-causing Erwinia was significantly greater than that of potato tuber slices that had not been inoculated or that had been inoculated with
the nonpathogenic E. cloacae and Citrobacter sp. strains. Interestingly, ethylene production from potato slices left uninoculated or inoculated with the nonpathogenic
Citrobacter strain was 5- to 10-fold higher than with potato slices inoculated with the pathogenic Erwinia strain. These findings suggest that (1) carbohydrate release might be a useful measure of the degree of pathogenesis, or
relative virulence; and that (2) bacterial suppression of ethylene formation may be a critical step in root rot disease formation. 相似文献
8.
Field trials at Creston in 1988, 1989, and 1990 on silty loam soil naturally infested with Agrobacterium tumefaciens showed that Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 did not control crown gall on young Antonovka apple trees when apphed as a root-dip treatment. Copper oxychloride applied as a root-dip treatment at 2.5 and 5.0 g ai/1 and sewage sludge applied at 260 g per tree as broadcast were effective in reducing crown gall infection but these treatments were toxic to young apple trees in 1989. Lower rates of copper oxychloride, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 g ai/1, and sewage sludge at 130 g per tree, did not control crown gall in the 1990 field trial. The biological treatment with the strain AB8 of Bacillus subtilis applied as a root-dip effectively controlled crown gall and was not phytotoxic to young Antonovka apple trees. These results suggest that strain AB8 of B. subtilis has the potential to control crown gall on young apple trees under field conditions. 相似文献
9.
Awadhesh Kumar Arya Kottackal Poulose Martin Aneta Sabovljevic Joseph Madassery 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(5):2011-2017
A simple and easy transformation strategy was accomplished on field growing plants of Phyllanthus amarus, an anti-hepatitis B drug plant. Infection of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains A4M70GUS and ATCC 15834 on decapitated shoots of field growing P. amarus induced hairy roots and crown gall, respectively. Infection with A4M70GUS yielded a mean of 23.2 roots from 40% plants in 40-day period. The crown gall induced on 30% plants after infection
with ATCC 15834 grew to 5–10 mm in diameter. The roots and crown galls established in vitro on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal
medium grew well. The hairy roots yielded fivefold (6.91 g) biomass in half-strength MS liquid medium to that of the adventitious
roots derived from internode explants in MS medium with 8.0 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (1.39 g). Histochemical assay and
PCR analysis using the primers of uidA coding region confirmed the hairy roots induced by A4M70GUS. The crown galls induced by ATCC 15834 were confirmed by PCR analysis using rolB gene primers. The protocol enables an easy and early accomplishment of hairy roots. 相似文献
10.
Expression of full-length bioactive antimicrobial human lactoferrin in potato plants 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
A cDNA fragment encoding human lactoferrin (hLF) linked to a plant microsomal retention signal peptide (SEKDEL) was stably integrated into the Solanum tuberosum genome by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated leaf disk transformation methods. The lactoferrin gene was expressed under control of both the auxin-inducible manopine synthase (mas) P2 promoter and the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S tandem promoter. The presence of the hLF cDNA in the genome of regenerated transformed potato plants was detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification methods. Full-length hLF protein was identified by immunoblot analysis in tuber tissue extracts from the transformed plants by immunoblot analysis. The hLF produced in transgenic plant tissues migrated during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a single band with an approximate molecular mass equal to hLF. Auxin activation of the mas P2 promoter increased lactoferrin expression levels in transformed tuber and leaf tissues to approximately 0.1% of total soluble plant protein. Antimicrobial activity against four different human pathogenic bacterial strains was detected in extracts of lactoferrin-containing potato tuber tissues. This is the first report of synthesis of full length, biologically active hLF in edible plants. 相似文献
11.
Transfer of tuber soft rot and early blight resistances from<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Solanum brevidens</Emphasis> into cultivated potato 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Tek AL Stevenson WR Helgeson JP Jiang J 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,109(2):249-254
Tuber soft rot and early blight are serious potato diseases. Development of potato varieties resistant to these diseases has been hindered by the scarcity of resistant germplasm. A diploid wild species, Solanum brevidens, shows significant resistance to both diseases. Numerous potato breeding lines have been developed from a potato-S. brevidens somatic hybrid, A206. A BC3 clone, C75-5+297, derived from this somatic hybrid as well as its BC1 and BC2 parental lines showed resistance to both tuber soft rot and early blight. Clone C75-5+297 has consistently out-yielded common varieties under disease stress. Using both molecular and cytogenetic approaches we demonstrated that a single copy of chromosome 8 from S. brevidens replaced a potato chromosome 8 in C75-5+297. Thus, C75-5+297 represents a potato-S. brevidens chromosome substitution line. Our results suggest that the presence of a single chromosome from S. brevidens may significantly impact the resistance to multiple potato diseases. The high yield potential of C75-5+297 makes it an excellent parent for developing potato varieties with resistances to both tuber soft rot and early blight.Communicated by J.S. Heslop-Harrison 相似文献
12.
Synthesis and assembly of SIVmac Gag p27 capsid protein cholera toxin B subunit fusion protein in transgenic potato 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragment encoding the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) was linked 5′ to the simian immunodeficiency
virus (SIVmac) Gag p27 capsid gene (CTB-Gag). The fusion gene was transferred into Solanum tuberosum cells by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation methods and transformed plants regenerated. The CTB-Gag gene fusion was detected in transformed potato
leaf genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction-mediated DNA amplification. The results of immunoblot analysis with anti-CTB
and anti-Gag antibodies verified the synthesis of biologically active CTB-Gag fusion protein in transformed leaf and tuber
tissues. Synthesis and assembly of the CTB-Gag fusion protein into oligomeric structures of pentamer size was confirmed by
GM1-ganglioside-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (GM1-ELISA) of transformed potato tuber tissue extracts. The binding of CTB-Gag fusion protein oligomers to intestinal epithelial
cell membrane receptors quantified by GM1-ELISA showed that CTB-Gag fusion protein made up approx 0.016–0.022% of the total soluble tuber protein. The synthesis of
CTB-Gag monomers and their assembly into biologically active CTB-Gag fusion protein oligomers in potato tuber tissues provides
the opportunity for employment of the carrier and adjuvant properties of CTB for the development of edible plant-based subunit
mucosal vaccines for enhanced mucosal immunity against SIV in macaques. 相似文献
13.
Trichosanthin (TCS) from Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz (T. kirilowii) can be used to treat choriocarcinoma. In this work, we established a novel system to produce TCS in crown gall tissues of T. kirilowii infected by Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 (A. tumefaciens). In the crown gall tissues, a nopaline synthase (NOS) gene of A. tumefaciens was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and nopaline accumulation was confirmed by a high-voltage filter paper electrophoresis. Furthermore, we optimized conditions to culture the crown gall tissues able to grow fast and produce TCS in an auxin-free medium, and found that a fungal elicitor of Armillaria mellea was capable of stimulation of TCS secretion into the medium. Moreover, we identified that the TCS purified from the crown gall tissues could induce gastric cancer cell death. These data underscore the usefulness of our system as an inexpensive and virtually unlimited source of TCS. 相似文献
14.
L. I. Il’inskaya G. I. Chalenko E. A. Perekhod N. G. Gerasimova O. L. Ozeretskovskaya 《Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology》2000,36(2):181-186
Methyl ester of jasmonic acid (Me-JA) influences the induced resistance of potato tubers to late blight caused byPhytophthora infestans. Treatment of potato tuber disk surfaces with Me-JA solution or exposure to an atmosphere containing Me-JA vapors (10−6–10−5 M) increased the rate of rishitin biosynthesis induced by arachidonic acid orP. infestans. Methyl jasmonate increased the sensitivity of potato tissue to arachidonic acid. As a result, in the presence of Me-JA,
the protective properties of arachidonic acid were observed at lower concentrations than in the absence of Me-JA. In addition,
Me-JA reduced the adverse effects of lipoxygenase inhibitors (salicylhydroxamic acid and esculetin) on the induced resistance
of potato tubers to late blight. Therefore, the synergistic interaction of Me-JA and biogenic elicitors can be regarded as
part of a mechanism of potato defense against diseases. 相似文献
15.
Short-term treatment of potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum L.) discs with CdCl2 changed glutathione reductase (GR) activity depending on cadmium ions concentrations, kind of tuber and time of incubation.
The increase of GR activity at 10 and 100 μmol·dcm−3 of CdCl2 solutions was marked in less resistant tissues of cv. Bintje after 24 hrs, and was slight in more resistant tissues of cv. Bzura after 72 hrs. At 1 mmol·dcm−3 concentration of CdCl2 rapid and total inactivation in both kind of tissues was observed, which disappeared after a few days. However this elevation
was faster in more resistant tissues. These inhibition effects come from the inactivation process of GR by cadmium. The values
of KI for cadmium and KM for GSSG of GR from potato tuber tissues indicated that enzyme from more resistant tissues possessed lower affinity to toxic
metal and higher affinity to substrate. 相似文献
16.
Ethylene, applied as ethephon, inhibited the elongation of etiolated, axillary potato shoots cultured in vitro and it stimulated radial growth along the whole length of these shoots. The same phenomena were observed when ACC, the precursor of ethylene, was added to the medium, whereas silver ions reversed these effects. However, tuber formation in vitro was suppressed by ethephon. This indicates a dual role of ethylene in the induction of tuber formation in potatoes: it had a positive effect by blocking the elongation of stolons and it suppressed tuber initiation. 相似文献
17.
R. M. Ulloa G. C. Mac Intosh M. Melchiorre A. N. Mentaberry P. Dallari D. N. Moriconi M. T. Téllez-Iñón 《Plant cell reports》1997,16(6):426-429
In vitro culture was used to study morphogenetic aspects of the tuberization process under controlled conditions in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants. This paper accurately defines four stages of tuber development and their correlation to external morphological characteristics and histological structures. Protein kinase activity, assayed in each stage using Historic HAS as substrate, was differentially expressed during the tuberization process. Phosphorylation was maximum in the first stages of tuber formation. The incorporation of [32PO4
–1] to endogenous peptides containing serine/threonine amino acidic residues followed the same pattern that the protein kinase activity did.Abbreviations EDTA
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
-
EGTA
ethylenebis (oxyethylenenitrilo) tetraacetic acid
-
MOPS
4-morpholine-propanesulfonic acid 相似文献
18.
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive α-oxoaldehyde, demonstrating anticancer effect on plant neoplastic tumours. In in vivo studies it was observed that MG destroyed crown gall tumours in Nicotiana tabacum produced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, without any adverse effect on the host. The efficacy of MG in comparison to other anticancer drugs viz. cisplatin and ellagic acid in the treatment of crown gall was investigated. A slight degeneration of galls was noted in
plants treated with cisplatin and ellagic acid but the plants died subsequently. With MG however, crown galls were completely
cured and the plants completed their usual life cycle by flowering and producing seeds. MG inhibited the respiration of crown
gall calluses suggesting that energy depletion resulted in tumour destruction. 相似文献
19.
Kiomars Rouhrazi Heshmat Rahimian 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(20):2493-2500
In 2009–2010, crown tumours were collected from walnut (Juglans regia L.) trees in northern Iran. Gram-negative, rod shaped and aerobic bacteria with circular, convex and white-coloured colonies on potato dextrose agar plus CaCO3 medium were isolated from galls. In pathogenicity tests, tomato seedlings were inoculated with all strains and tumours started to appear three weeks after inoculation. Strains yielded a 224?bp amplicon from the virD2 gene in PCR. When the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strains was compared by BLASTn with nucleotide sequences from GenBank, it showed 99.6% identity with the 16S rRNA sequence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens ATCC 33970. Based on phenotypic and genotypic properties, the bacterium that causes crown gall of walnut trees was identified as A. tumefaciens. 相似文献
20.
Ivana Dragićević Radomir Konjević Branka Vinterhalter Dragan Vinterhalter Mirjana Nešković 《Plant Growth Regulation》2008,54(3):189-193
Potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Désirée) shoots grown in vitro in continuous darkness or in long days (LDs), were used to investigate indole-3-acetic
acid (IAA) effects on stolon initiation and tuber formation, combining IAA with increased or decreased gibberellin levels.
An increased gibberellin (GA) level was achieved by the applying 1 μM GA3, while decreased gibberellin level was presumably realized by the adding 3 μM tetcyclacis (Tc). About 15% of potato shoots
developed stolons both in LDs and in darkness. Stolon initiation was stimulated by GA3 in darkness and by Tc in LDs. Tuber formation was strongly inhibited in LDs and by GA3 both in light and darkness, but stimulated in darkness at low GA level. Exceptionally, tuber formation occurred in LDs at
the highest Tc concentrations, in about 25% of explants. Indole-3-acetic acid alone stimulated stolon formation in LDs, both
in the presence or absence of GA3. IAA alone also stimulated tuber formation in dark-grown shoots, but could not overcome the inhibitory effect of LDs. Indications
that, depending on their concentration ratio, IAA may interact with GA3 in different tuberization phases, have been discussed.
Radomir Konjević—Deceased in July 2006. 相似文献